1、牛津英语9A Unit 3 Teenage problems课文重点单词、短语、句型、语法及综合技能详解一Comic strips & Welcome to the unit1. Whats wrong,Eddie?怎么了,埃迪 Whats wrong?相当于Whats the matter?/Whats the trouble? 若询问某人出了什么问题或有什么不顺心的事,可在其后加with sb. -You look very sad,whats wrong?你看起来很伤心,怎么了? -My father is ill.我父亲生病了。 【拓展】Whats wrong?也可用于询问某物出了什么
2、毛病,可在其后加with sth. Whats wrong with the bus?2. The TV is always on at my home。我家里的电视总是开着。 on此处为副词,意为“处于工作状态中;在进行中” The radio is on;whos listening?收音机正开着,谁在听? The light is on,but no one is in the room.电灯开着,但房间里没有人。3. The almost drives me mad. 几乎使我受不了。 drive sb. mad “使人受不了”,是固定短语。 The boring film drive
3、s me mad.这部无聊的电影使我受不了。 mad 形容词,“发疯的,生气的”,在句中可作定语或表语。be mad about意为“对生气;对痴迷” He is a mad singer.他是一个疯狂的歌手。 My mother is mad about my low marks.我母亲对我的低分生气。 They are both mad about football.他们两个都对足球入迷。4. Sometimes I feel lonely。有时候我觉得很孤独。 lonely形容词,意为“孤独的;荒凉的,偏僻的” The old man was very lonely.这个老人很孤独。 辨
4、析lonely与alone lonely 形容词 孤独的;荒凉的;偏僻的 作定语 It is a lonely mountain village. 那是一个偏僻的山村。 作表语 He feels lonely at home himself. 他自己在家感到孤独。 alone 形容词 单独的(地);独立的(地)作表语,The old man was alone. 不能用作定语 这个老人独身一人。 副词 作状语 Mr. Smith lives alone.5.Sometimes I get low in exams.有时候我考试得低分。 exam此处为可数名词,意为“考试,测试”,是examin
5、ation的缩写形式。 Well have an exam in English tomorrow.我们明天要进行一次英语考试。 【拓展】与exam搭配的短语: take/do an exam参加考试 pass an exam通过考试 fail an exam考试不及格 6.How about you?你怎么样? “How about”“怎么样?”后接名词、代词或动名词。与“what about”用法相同,是询问对方的意见或提建议的句型。 How about listening to music?听听音乐怎么样?7.Sometimes I feel sleepy in class.有时候我在课
6、堂上感觉很困倦。 sometimes频度副词意为“有时”,与at times同义。 I sometimes play computer games on weekends.我有时在周末玩电脑游戏。 辨析:sometimes,some times,sometime与some time sometimes 有时 Sometimes she has lunch at school.有时她在学校吃午饭。 some times几次,几倍 Ive been to the museum some times.我去过那个博物馆几次。 sometime 某时 Ill visit Daming sometime
7、this summer vacation.这个暑假的某个时候我要去看望大明。 some time 一段时间 She has lived here for some time.她已经在这儿住了一段时间了。8.Perhaps you should manage your time better and go to bed earlier. perhaps副词,意为“或许,可能” Perhaps it will rain.天也许会下雨。 manage及物动词,意为“合理安排,有效使用(金钱、时间等)”。 You need to learn to manage your time.你需要学会合理安排你
8、的时间。 【拓展】manage及物动词,意为“控制,管理”。 Only a good rider can manage the horse. manage to do sth.表示“设法做成某事,努力完成某事” He managed to find a place to park his car.他设法找到了一个停车的地方。二Reading1. I do not know how I should deal with it.我不知道我应该怎么处理它。deal with意为“处理,对付”I dont know how to deal with the bad milk.辨析:deal with
9、& do withdeal with 处理,对付 常与how连用do with 处理 常与what连用How are you going to deal with the old books?你打算怎么处理这些旧书?What did you do with your old bike?你怎么处理得你的旧自行车?2.I have no choice but to do it。我别无选择,只能去做。 have no choice but to do sth.意为“别无选择,只能去做某事” She has no choice but to study hard.她别无选择,只能努力学习。 but此处
10、为连词,意为“除之外;只有” I had no choice but to sign the contract.我别无选择,只好签了合同。 辨析:but,except & besides but 除之外;只有 but后的词是仅有或存在的内容,通常与no,nothing,nobody等表示否定的词连用。但当but前有实义动词do时,but后的不定式需省去to except 除之外(不再有) 指从整体排除except后的人或物,常与all,everybody,everything等连用 besides 除了之外(还有) 是指在原来的基础上加上besides除外的人或物 Last night I d
11、id nothing but watch TV. 昨天晚上除了看电视,我什么也没干。 We all went to the cinema except Tom. He was ill.除了汤姆,我们都去看电影了。他生病了。 Amy has another two good friends besides you.除了你之外,诶米还有两个好朋友。3.I often have to stay up late。我经常不得不熬夜到很晚。 stay up 意为“熬夜”,是不及物动词。 He stayed up all night to watch football matches.他为了看足球赛,整晚熬
12、夜。 Staying up late is bad for your health.熬夜到很晚对你的健康有害。4. Then I sometimes find it hard to stay awake the next day.然后有时候我发现第二天很难保持清醒。 awake此处用作形容词,意为“醒着的”,是表语形容词,在句中只能作表语。 Is he awake or asleep?他醒了还是睡着了? I hope hes awake now.我希望他现在醒着。 【拓展】be awake to sth.意为“理解某物,意识到某物” Too few people are awake to th
13、e dangers of noise pollution.理解噪声污染危害性的人太少了。 辨析:awake & wake awake 形容词 醒着的 用在连系动词后作表语(不能做定语);不能用very修饰,但可用wide修饰 动词 醒来,唤醒 awake不能与up连用 wake 动词 睡醒,醒来 常与up连用,wake up“唤醒”,代词作宾语时要放在wake up 中间 Yesterday I went to bed early,but I was awake for a long time.昨天我上床睡觉很早,但是很长一段时间是醒着的。 The sound of the doorbell
14、awoke the baby.门铃声把婴儿弄醒了。 I often wake up at six every morning.我经常每天早上六点醒来。5. I know it is important to finish all my homework on time.我知道按时做完所有的家庭作业是重要的。 on time意为“准时,按时” Take the medicine on time.按时吃药。6. However,I hardly have any spare time for my hobbies like volleyball and music.然而,我几乎没有任何空闲时间从事
15、我的业余爱好,像排球和音乐。 hardly副词,意为“几乎不”,相当于almost not,用于连系动词、助动词或情态动词之后,实义动词之前。 I hardly ate anything last night.我昨天晚上几乎什么也没吃。 This years exam was much harder than last years.今年的测试比去年的难得多。7.I cannot imagine my life without hobbies.我无法想象,没有业余爱好的生活。 imagine此处用作及物动词,意为“想象,设想”,其后可跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语,也可跟从句作宾语。 I didnt
16、 imagine becoming a singer one day.我没想过有一天成为一名歌手。 Can you imagine life without computers?你能想象没有电脑的生活吗?8.I often doubt whether it is worth spending so much time on homework.我常常怀疑花这么多时间做家庭作业是否值得。 doubt此处为及物动词,意为“怀疑”。在肯定句中,doubt一般后接whether或if引导的宾语从句,doubt后面可接that引导的宾语从句,但表示疑虑较大或“不相信”。在疑问句和否定句中,doubt后接t
17、hat引导的宾语从句。 I doubt whether Ill be successful.我怀疑自己能否成功。 I dont doubt that hell come.他一定会来,我不怀疑。 【拓展】 1)doubt还可用作不及物动词,意为“怀疑”,常与about或of 连用。 She doubts about everything.她对一切都怀疑。 2)doubt还可作名词,意为“怀疑”,常用短语有: in doubt怀疑,未确定 no doubt无疑地,很可能 There is no doubt about something.某事毫无疑问。 be worth doing sth.意为“
18、值得做某事” The book is well worth reading.这本书很值得读。 worth此处为形容词,意为“值得”,在句中作表语。worth还有“值钱”的意思。 The camera is worth seven hundred dollars.这部相机值700美元。 A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush.(谚语)双鸟在林不如一鸟在手。 spendon sth.意为“在某事上花费” He spend two yuan on the pencil.他花2元钱买了这支铅笔。 【拓展】spenddoing sth.意为“花费做某事”
19、Its nice of you to spend so much time showing me around your school.花费那么多时间领着我参观你的学校,你真好。9.I dream of a long holiday so that I could have more time for my hobbies.我梦想有个长假好让我有更多的时间从事我的业余爱好。 dream of意为“梦想;想象”,有时也用dream about,其后接名词、代词或动词ing形式。 I dream of/about flying to the moon some day.我梦想有一天飞上月球。 La
20、st night I dreamed of my grandma.昨天晚上我梦到了我奶奶。10.Can you offer me some suggestions?你能给我提供一些建议吗? offer sb. sth.=offer sth. to sb.意为“给某人提供某物” I can offer you something to eat. 【拓展】 offer to do sth.意为“主动提出做某事” He offered to help me learn English.他提出帮我学英语。11.I hope to hear from you soon.我希望很快收到您的来信。 hear
21、 from sb.意为“收到某人的来信” It was great to hear from you.收到你的来信太好了。12.I am crazy about football.我热衷于足球。 be crazy about意为“狂热于”,后跟名词、代词或动词ing形式。 Some students are crazy about the singer.一些学生疯狂地迷上了那位歌手。 The little boy is crazy about playing computer games.这个小男孩迷上了玩电脑游戏。13.However, my love of football has bec
22、ome the cause of my problem.然而,我对足球的热爱成为问题的原因。 cause此处为名词,意为“原因” Whats the cause of her illness?她的病因是什么? 辨析:cause,reason与excuse cause 起因 指引起某种结果的“原因”,后接介词of reason 理由,原因 指决定做某事或采取某项行动的理由 excuse 辩解,接口 指对某种行为所做的解释,可能是真的,也可能是托词 The cause of the fire was carelessness.火灾的起因是粗心。 He didnt come today. Do yo
23、u know the reason?他今天没来,你知道原因吗? Thats not a good excuse.那不是个好借口。14.Then I get into trouble because my parents do not allow me to play outside after 6 p.m.然后我就陷入困境,因为我父母亲不允许我下午6点后在外面玩。 get into trouble意为“陷入困境,因做某事而招致不幸或处罚等” Nobody wants to get into trouble.没有人想惹麻烦。 He often gets into trouble with his
24、 friends.他经常和朋友闹矛盾。15.I do not understand why they are so strict with me.我不理解他们为什么对我严厉。 strict形容词,意为“严格的,严厉的”,be strict with sb.,意为“对某人要求严格” Our English teacher is very strict with us.我们的英语老师对我们要求很严。 【拓展】 be strict in sth.意为“对某事要求严格” My parents are strict in my schoolwork.我父母亲对我的课业要求很严。16.Is it bad
25、to stay out late to play football?为踢足球待在外面很晚很糟糕吗? stay out意为“待在户外;(晚上)不回家”,是不及物动词短语 Sometimes he stayed out all night.有时候他也彻夜不归。17.I look forward to your valuable advice.我期待您宝贵的建议。 look forward to意为“盼望;期待”,指怀着愉快的心情等待、向往某事,to为介词,后接名词、代词或动词ing形式 We are looking forward to May Day.我们都盼望着五一的到来。 I am look
26、ing forward to seeing the film.我在盼望着看部电影。18.Then work out how much time you need to finish it all.然后计算出你需要多少时间把它都完成。 work out意为“算出;解决”,是动副结构的短语,若宾语为人称代词,则放在work与out之间。 We worked out the math problem.我们算出了那道数学题。 I have worked it out.我已经把它解决了。19.What about choosing your hobby according to the time you
27、 have?根据你拥有的时间来选择你的业余爱好怎么样?according to意为“根据”,是介词短语,后接名词、代词或从句。According to the weather forecast,it will rain tomorrow.根据天气预报,明天会下雨。According to what he said, I found the answer to the questions.根据他所说的,我找到了问题的答案。三Grammar连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句以及提建议的句型1、连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句 1)连接代词what,who,whom,whose,which和连接副词w
28、hen,where,how,why等引导的宾语从句,连接代词与连接副词有具体词义,并且在宾语从句中充当句子成分。在从句中,连接代词多作宾语、主语和定语,连接副词多作状语。 Do you know who is singing?你知道谁在唱歌吗? I dont know whom/who he is talking with.我不知道他在和谁谈话。(whom作宾语) 注意:who与whom都指人,意思是“谁”,其中who为主格,在宾语从句中作主语;whom为宾格,在从句中作宾语。但whom在口语中很少使用,大多数情况下,可以用who代替whom。 We do not know whose bik
29、e this is.我们不知道这辆自行车是谁的。(whose作定语) I wonder where he lives.我想知道他住在哪儿。(where作地点状语) 2)宾语从句的语序必须是陈述语序。 She wants to know when the train will arrive.她想知道火车什么时候到。 3)含有宾语从句的复合句的标点由主句决定。 No one knows what he is doing.没人知道他在做什么。 Could you tell me how I get to the hospital?你能告诉我怎么到达医院吗? 【拓展】宾语从句有自己的时态原则。当主句时
30、态为一般现在时时,宾语从句用自己所需要的任意时态;当主句时态为一般过去时时,从句也要用相应的过去时;当从句讲述的是客观事实或真理时,从句时态用一般现在时。 I know when he will come tomorrow.我知道明天他什么时候来。 I knew when he would come tomorrow.我知道明天他什么时候来。 Our teacher told us that the sun is bigger than the moon.我们的老师告诉我们,太阳比月亮大。2、提建议的句型 1)“why not”是“why dont you?”的省略形式,表示“为什么不?”或“
31、你 为什么不?”,后面跟动词原形 Why not help him?=Why dont you help him?你为什么不帮助他? 2)“What/How about?”表示“怎么样?”或“如何?”,后面跟名词、代词或动名词。 What/How about having a cup of tea? 喝杯茶怎么样? 3)“Lets ”表示“让我们吧”,后面跟动词原形。 Lets go together.让我们一起去吧。 4)“Shall we?”表示“我们好嘛?”,后面跟动词原形。 Shall we meet at the school gate?我们在学习门口见面好吗?四Integrated
32、 skills1. classmates laugh at her and call her a bookworm.同学们嘲笑她,叫她书虫。 laugh at sb.意为“嘲笑某人” Dont laugh at me.不要嘲笑我。 【拓展】 smile at sb.意为“对某人微笑”2. Nora does well in exams诺拉擅长考试 do well in意为“在方面做得好,擅长”,in 为介词,后很名词、代词或动词ing形式,其同义词组为be good at,反义词组为do badly in或be bad at. My brother does well in Maths.=My
33、 brother is good at Maths.我哥哥擅长数学。3. Ive made little progress in my English, Millie.米莉,我的英语几乎没有进步。 progress为不可数名词,意为“进展,进步”,不能用冠词a修饰,也没有复数形式。progress前常用great,good,much,some等修饰。make progress in“在方面取得进步”。 He made great progress in English last year.去年他在英语方面取得了很大进步。4. Perhaps you should go over what yo
34、uve learnt as often as possible.或许你应该尽可能经常地复习学过的(知识)。 go over意为“复习,回顾”,是及物动词短语。 I go over my schoolwork every night.我每天晚上都复习课业。5.How about reading English aloud every morning?每天早上大声读英语怎么样? aloud副词,意为“大声地;出声地” She reads the words aloud.她大声地读单词。 辨析:aloud,loud与loudly aloud 副词 多指出声,可以让人听的见,但声音不一定很大,故alo
35、ud无比交级,但与call,cry,shout,read等词连用时,有“高声地”意思 loud 形容词 作表语或定语 副词 一般只和speak,talk,laugh等词连用loudly 副词 含有贬义,尤指“吵闹地”,可以与其他表示声响的动词搭配He cried aloud for help.他高声呼救。Speak louder,please.请大声点说。They shouted as loudly as possible.他们尽可能地大声叫喊。6.Try to pronounce all the words correctly.尽力把所有的单词都发音正确。 pronounce及物动词,意为“
36、发音”;其名词形式为pronunciation,意为“发音”。 Can you pronounce the English word?你会读这个英语单词吗? correctly副词,意为“正确地” Spell the words correctly.正确拼写这些单词。7.Dont mention it.不客气。 Dont mention it.意为“不客气”,相当于“Youre welcome.” -Thank you for your help.谢谢你的帮助。 -Dont mention it./Youre welcome.不客气/不用谢.五Study skills & Task1.Ofte
37、n ,they are in bold。通常,它们是黑体的。 in bold意为“黑体的” The words on the wall are in bold.墙上的字是黑体的。2. When did it happen?它发生在什么时候? happen不及物动词,意为“发生” What happened just now?刚才发生了什么事? 辨析:happen与take place happen 发生,碰巧 常用于偶然或突发性事件 take place 发生,举行 一般指非偶然性事件的“发生”,指事件的发生一定有某种原因或事先安排3.keep it to yourself保密 keep st
38、h. to yourself意为“保密,把秘而不宣” Dont keep your trouble to yourself.不要把烦恼藏在心里。4.Many students of our age have this problem.很多和我们同龄的学生有这样的问题。 of sbs age介词短语,作后置定语,意为“和同龄的” He needs more friends of his own age.他需要更多和他同龄的朋友。 【拓展】与age相关的表达 at the age of意为“在岁时” He could swim at the age of 7.他7岁时就会游泳。 for ages意为“很久,很长时间” I havent seen you for ages.我好久没见到你了。5.You are unhappy with your weight你不满意你的体重 be unhappy with意为“对感到不满意”;反义词组be happy with意为“对感到满意”。 Are you unhappy with your work?你对你的工作不满意吗?