1、module5 Grammar 定语从句定语从句Step1:由关系代词及关系副词 引导的定语从句(1)如何确定关系词 方法一：准确判断关系词在定语从句中的成分，关系词作主语、宾语，用关系代词；关系词作状语，用关系副词；关系词作定语则用whose,或which。方法二：看定语从句中的谓语动词是及物动词还是不及物动词。如是及物动词，用关系代词；不及物动词则用关系副词。错)This is the mountain village where I visited last year.(错)I will never forget the days when I spent in the countrys
2、ide.(对)This is the mountain village(which)I visited last year.(对)Ill never forget the days(which)I spent in the countryside(3)关系代词的一般用法：关系代关系代词词 指代指代在定语从句中所充当的成分在定语从句中所充当的成分人物句子主语宾语定语表语whowhomwhichthatwhoseas 1)who,whom,that 这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中所起作用如下:Is he the man who/that wants to see you?他就是想见你
3、的人吗?(who/that在从句中作主语)He is the man whom/that I saw yesterday.他就是我昨天见的那个人。(whom/that在从句中作宾语)2)Whose 用来指人或物，(只用作定语,若指物，它还可以同of which互换),例如:They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.那人车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。Please pass me the book whose(of which)cover is green.请递给我那本绿皮的书。3)which,that 它们所代替的先行词是事
4、物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等，例如:A prosperity which/that had never been seen before appears in the countryside.农村出现了前所未 有的繁荣。(which/that在从句中作主语)The package which/that you are carrying is about to come unwrapped.你拿的包快散了。(which/that 在从句中作宾语)注：定语从句中只能用that的情况：当先行词是everything,anything,nothing(something 除外),all,n
5、one,few,little,some等代词时，或当先行词受every,any,all,some,no,little,few,much等代词修饰时。如：All that can be done has been done.所有能做的都做好了。There is little that I can do for you.我不能为你干什么。The book contains none that interests me.这本书没什么让我感兴趣的东西。当先行词被序数词、形容词最高级修饰时。如：The first place that they visited in London was the Big
6、 Ben.在伦敦他们参观的第一个地方是大本钟。This is the most interesting book that I have ever read.这是我读过的最好的书。当先行词被the very,the only修饰时。如：This is the very dictionary that I want to buy.这正是我要买的词典。After the fire in his house,the old car is the only thing that he owns.家里发生了火灾过后，那辆旧车成了他的唯一拥有。避免重复。如：Which is the T-shirt tha
7、t fits me most?哪件T恤衫最合我的身？当先行词即有人又有动物时。如：They talked about the persons and things that they remembered at school.他们谈论着他们所能记起的在校时的人和事。Look at the man and his donkey that are walking up the street.注意注意 the same as 与the same that引导定语从句意思不同：I have bought the same bike as you.我买了一辆和你的一样的自行车。I used the sa
8、me book that you have.我用的是你的那本书。(4)关系副词的用法关关系副系副词词指指 代代先行先行词词充充当当的成分的成分when时间时间名词状语where地点地点名词状语why原因reason 状语 1)when,where,why 关系副词when,where,why的含义相当于介词+which结构，因此常常和介词+which结构交替使用.There are occasions when(on which)one must yield.任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。Beijing is the place where(in which)I was born.北京是我的出生
9、地。Is this the reason why(for which)he refused our offer?这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗 Step2由介词加关系代词引导的定语从句由介词加关系代词引导的定语从句.(1)关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时，从句常常由“介词+关系代词”引出。如：The school(which/that)he once studied in is very famous.=The school in which(where)he once studied is very famous.他曾经就读过的学校很出名。This is the boy(whom/who/t
10、hat)I played tennis with yesterday.=This is the boy with whom I played tennis yesterday.这是我昨天跟他打台球的男孩。(2)含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开，介词仍放在短语动词的后面。如：look for,look after,take care of 等。This is the watch(which/that)I am looking for.(正)这是我正在找的手表。This is the watch for which I am looking.(误)(3)“介词+关系代词”前还可有some,any,no
11、ne,all,both,neither,many,most,each,few等代词或者数词。如：He loves his parents deeply,both of whom are very kind to him.他深深地爱着他的父母，他们俩待他都很好。3.Practice Ask Ss to finish the exercises in Activities 3 and 4 after class.Step 4.Homework 1.Ask Ss to revise grammatical points of this module and finish Activity 2 on page 45,Activity 3 and 4 on page 47.2.Ask Ss to finish the Grammar Activities on page 91.
