1、The Attributive Clause定义：在复合句中，修饰名词和代词的从句，在定义：在复合句中，修饰名词和代词的从句，在 句子中起定语作用。句子中起定语作用。概念概念:He is the boy who often goes to school late.先行词先行词 关系词关系词 定语从句定语从句原则：原则：a.定语从句必须紧紧地跟在先行词后面，定语从句必须紧紧地跟在先行词后面，限制修饰先行词。限制修饰先行词。b.定语从句必须用关系词来引导。定语从句必须用关系词来引导。c.关系词在定语从句中作一个句子成分关系词在定语从句中作一个句子成分.关系词关系词关系代词：关系代词：that,wh
2、o,whom,whose,which关系副词：关系副词：when,where,why，Revison关系词主语 宾语 定语 状语说明that可修饰人、物，不可可修饰人、物，不可用于非限制性从句中用于非限制性从句中 which仅能修饰物仅能修饰物who仅能修饰人仅能修饰人whom仅能修饰人仅能修饰人whose可修饰人或者物可修饰人或者物when修饰时间修饰时间where修饰地点修饰地点why修饰原因修饰原因关系词在句子中充当的成分关系词在句子中充当的成分 She is the old woman whom I saw this morning.Mary is the girl whose par
3、ents work in Japan.Yao Ming who plays in NBA is a famous sportsman.October 1,1949 is the day when New China was founded.This is the house where the great man was born.I dont know the reason why she looks unhappy today.SARS is a terrible disease that killed many people.Harry Potter is a good film whi
4、ch many children like.相相 关关 例例 句句Exercise 1:用关系代词填空用关系代词填空1.The boy _ is playing ping-pong is my classmate.2.The e-mail _ I received yesterday was from my sister.3.I hate people _ talk much but do little.4.The car _ my father bought last month is very beautiful.who/thatwhich/thatwho/thatwhich/that5.
5、The man _ hair is white is his grandfather.6.Is there a student _ father is a business man?7.This is the house in _ we have lived for 10 years.8.Ive never heard of the people and things _ you talked about just now.whosewhosewhich that当先行词同时指人和物时，关系代词只能用that.Exercise 2.1.My father and his teacher tal
6、ked a lot about the persons and things _ they couldnt remember.2.Say all _ you know.3.Is there anything _ I can do for you?thatthatthat当先行词是something,anything,nothing,all 等词时，关系代词只能用that.4.This is the first play _ I have seen since I came here.5.This is the best novel _ I have read.thatthat当先行词被序数词，
7、最高级序数词，最高级等词修饰时，关系代词只能用that.6.Who is the girl _is standing under the tree?7.Which is the machine _ we used last Sunday.当主句是who或或which 引导的特殊疑问句引导的特殊疑问句，而中心词指人或物时，关系代词只能用that.thatthat只用只用who的情况的情况(1)先行词为先行词为those 指人时，如指人时，如 Those who want to go there raise your hands.(2)在在there be(live)结构中先行词指人时，如：结构中
8、先行词指人时，如：There lived a king who was kind to his people.(3)先行词指人的不定代词先行词指人的不定代词one,anyone,no one,one,all,nobody,anybody,none等。如：等。如：Anyone who broke the window would be punished.关系副词关系副词when,where,why，how的用法的用法关系副词在定语从句当中只能充当状语，当一个句子能够完整地表达一个意思时，我们就可以给这个句子加上特定的关系副词。where 在定语从句中作地点状语，指代地点。在定语从句中作地点状语，
9、指代地点。when 在定语从句中作时间状语，指代时间。在定语从句中作时间状语，指代时间。why 在定语从句中作原因状语，指代原因。在定语从句中作原因状语，指代原因。I wont forget the time when I got married.This is the place where we had a good time.I dont know the reason why he wont join us.关系副词关系副词when,where,why和关系代词和关系代词that,which的区分的区分同样是修饰一个地点，有时使用同样是修饰一个地点，有时使用where，有时使用，有时使
10、用that/which；同样是修饰一个时间，有时使用同样是修饰一个时间，有时使用when，有时使用有时使用that/which；同样是修饰一个原因，有时使用同样是修饰一个原因，有时使用why，有时使用有时使用that/which.这主要看两点：一是这主要看两点：一是定语从句是否完整定语从句是否完整（即充当什么句子成分）；（即充当什么句子成分）；二是定语从句中的二是定语从句中的谓语动词是否是一个及物动词谓语动词是否是一个及物动词。请比较以下句子请比较以下句子：This is the park that we visited last year.This is the park where we
11、held a birthday party.She wont forget the days that she spent on the island.She wont forget the days when they stayed together.That was the reason that he gave me yesterday.That was the reason why he gave me a note yesterday.Fill in the blanks1.Is this the room _ you cleaned last time?2.Is this the
12、room _ we lived before?3.This is the garden _ they stayed for a night.4.This is the garden _ they visited last time.5.Tom has forgotten the day _ he left his home.6.Tom has forgotten the day _ I told him last day.7.She still remembers the year _ she found her first job.8.She still remembers the year
13、 _ she spent in Chaozhou.thatwherewherethatthatthatwhenwhen1.This is the town _ I was born.This is the town _ I visited last week.2.I will never forget the day _ I came to school.I will never forget the day _ I spent with you.3.This is the reason _ he was late.This is the reason _ he told me.wherewh
14、ichwhenwhichwhythat“介词介词+关系词关系词”的定语从句的定语从句:介词放在关系代词前面时，只有介词介词放在关系代词前面时，只有介词+which（指物）和（指物）和介词介词+whom（指人），这时关系代词一律不能省略。（指人），这时关系代词一律不能省略。1)The box is full of bottles.He is standing on the box.-The box on which he is standing is full of bottles.2)The man is our school master.You shook hands with the m
15、an just now.-The man with whom you shook hands is our schoolmaster.3)The pen is made in Shanghai.She is writing with the pen.-The pen with which she is writing is made in Shanghai.用用“介词介词+关系代词关系代词”填空：填空：1.Have you ever read the book _ _ there are many pictures?2.The man _ _ he had a talk yesterday i
16、s a doctor.3.The library _ _ we often borrow books is very large.4.The gentleman _ _ you just spoke is our headmaster.5.This is the new bicycle _ _ I spent five hundred dollars.6.Here are the football players,some _ _ are our friends.7.The tool _ _ he is working is called a spade(铲子).8.China has hun
17、dreds of islands,the largest _ _ is Taiwan.9.The school has 2600 students,two thirds _ _ are girls.10.Give me a piece of paper _ _ I can write the number.in whichwith whomfrom whichto whichon whichof whichwith whichof whichof whomon which关系副词关系副词when,where,why可以用适当的介词可以用适当的介词+which来替代。来替代。如：如：when=i
18、n/on/at+which,where=in/on/at+which,why=for+which.介词的位置非常灵活，介词的位置非常灵活，介词介词有时放在关系代词有时放在关系代词之前，有时放在动词之后之前，有时放在动词之后,目的为了强调目的为了强调。1.I wont forget the date when(on which)I was born.2.This is the room where(in which)I lived.=This is the room which I lived in.3.I dont know the reason why(for which)he havent
19、 come.关系副词关系副词when,where,why 和介词和介词+which之间的关系之间的关系选择填空选择填空 1.The village _ I once worked has changed a lot.A.which B.where C.that D./2.That was the year _ I went to America.A.which B.where C.that D.when3.This is the reason _ I came here.A.which B.why C.that D.in which4.The knife _ he cut the bread
20、is very sharp.A.with which B.with it C.with that D.which 5.In the dark street,there wasnt a single person _ she could turn for help.A.that B.who C.from whom D.to whom BDBAD（1）There are two boys in Peters，both of _are white（2）There are two boys in Peters，and both of _ are white（1）This kind of plant g
21、rows best at the places _ it is warm and wet（2）This kind of plant grows best _ it is warm and wet（1）John is one of the students who_ English（2）John is the only one of the students who _ English（3）One of the students _ English。易混淆句型训练易混淆句型训练in which knowknowsknowswherewhomthem使用关系代词使用关系代词that而不用而不用 w
22、hich的情况：的情况：1.先行词为形容词最高级所修饰先行词为形容词最高级所修饰 2.先行词为序数词所修饰先行词为序数词所修饰3.先行词既包括人又包括物先行词既包括人又包括物 4.主句是主句是who或或which开头的特殊疑问句中的定语从句开头的特殊疑问句中的定语从句5.先行词为先行词为the only,the very所修饰的定语从句所修饰的定语从句 6.先行词是先行词是everything,nothing,everybody等不定代词等不定代词 7.先行词是先行词是all 或被或被all所修饰的词所修饰的词that和和 which的区别：的区别：1.which可引导非限定性定语从句，而可引导非限定性定语从句，而that却不能却不能2.which之前可加介词，而之前可加介词，而that却不能加却不能加3.一个句子中若有两个定语从句，一个用一个句子中若有两个定语从句，一个用that 引导引导,另一个必须用另一个必须用which 引导引导
