1、Mike is a driver.Mike has worked here for 30 years.Mike is a driver and he has worked here for 30 years.WhoMike is a driver who has worked here for 30 years.限限Mike is a driver,who has worked here for 30 years.非非定定 语语 从从 句句 That the earth is round is true.Do you know where he lives?My opinion is that
2、 you should not go alone.The fact that the earth is round is true.The student who answered the question was John.If he comes tomorrow,you will see him.（if 引导的条件状语从句，其结构为：引导的条件状语从句，其结构为：if+状语从句，状语从句，主句）。主句）。从句是相对于主句而言的，即它是从属于从句是相对于主句而言的，即它是从属于某一个主句，而不能单独作一个句子。某一个主句，而不能单独作一个句子。在英语中，主要有三大从句，即名词性从句（包括主语
3、从在英语中，主要有三大从句，即名词性从句（包括主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句，同位语从句）、形容词性从句句，宾语从句，表语从句，同位语从句）、形容词性从句（即定语从句）、副词性从句（即状语从句（即定语从句）、副词性从句（即状语从句,包括时间、包括时间、条件、结果、目的、原因、让步、地点、方式等）。条件、结果、目的、原因、让步、地点、方式等）。由由连词连词连接两个或多个连接两个或多个主谓结构主谓结构的句子，的句子，其中一个主谓结构是句子的其中一个主谓结构是句子的主要部分（主主要部分（主句）句），另一个或一个以上的主谓结构只在，另一个或一个以上的主谓结构只在句子中作句子中作某个成分某个成分（如主语、
4、宾语、表语、（如主语、宾语、表语、定语定语、状语、同位语）。、状语、同位语）。定 语 定语是用来修饰、限定、说明名词或代词定语是用来修饰、限定、说明名词或代词的品质与特征的。的品质与特征的。形容词或相当于形容词的词、短语或句子形容词或相当于形容词的词、短语或句子（如定语从句）、名词、代词、数词、介（如定语从句）、名词、代词、数词、介词短语、动词不定式（短语）、分词词短语、动词不定式（短语）、分词都可都可以作定语。以作定语。attributivea boy with glassesa boy who is brave and wearing glassesa brave boy形容词形容词介词短
5、语介词短语定语从句定语从句 The little boy needs a blue pen.Two boys need two pens.His son needs Toms pen.The boy in blue is Tom.What is your telephone number?The boy there needs a pen.There is nothing to do today.The pen bought by her is made in China.The package(which/that)you are carrying is about to come unwr
6、apped.I like some friends.Some friends like sports.I like friendswho/that like sports.修饰先行词修饰先行词 friends 定语从句：定语从句：在句子中作在句子中作定语定语，修饰，修饰名词名词或或代词代词的从句。这种从句由的从句。这种从句由关系代词关系代词或或关系副关系副词词引导，并作句子成分。定语从句还叫做引导，并作句子成分。定语从句还叫做嵌嵌入句入句，因是形容词性定语，所以又称之为，因是形容词性定语，所以又称之为形形容词性从句容词性从句。被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫做被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫做“”
7、。先行词先行词Attributive clause:限制性定语从句 restrictive非限制性定语从句non-restrictive是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语，如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整或失去意义。这种从句和主句关系十分密切，写时不用逗号分开。和主句关系不很密切，只是对先行词作些附加说明，如果去掉，主句的意思仍然清楚。这种从句，写时往往逗号分开。I was the only person who was invited.in my officeJenny,with whom I played table tennisyesterday,lives in my next room.Th
8、e man who came here yesterday has come again.That is Mr.Wang,whose daughter teaches English at a middle school.注意：引导非限制性定语从句的关系代词不可用that，指人时用who(主语),whom(宾语)，指物时须用which.先行词的作用 A A、引导定语从句；、引导定语从句；B B、代替先行词；、代替先行词；C C、在定语从句中担当一个成分。、在定语从句中担当一个成分。The man The man whowho is shaking hands with my is shakin
9、g hands with my father father is a policeman.is a policeman.该句中，该句中，who is shaking hands with my who is shaking hands with my father father 是定语从句，修饰先行词是定语从句，修饰先行词the manthe man，“who”who”是引导定语从句的关系词，代替是引导定语从句的关系词，代替先行词先行词the manthe man，在定语从句中作主语。，在定语从句中作主语。定语从句的位置：通常在先行词（在主句中）后。定定语语从从句句的的引引导导词词关系代词关系
10、副词指人指物who(主语、宾语)，whom(宾语)，that(主语、宾语),whose(定语)that(主语、宾语),which(主语、宾语)whose(定语)where(地点状语)when(时间状语)why(原因状语)先行词先行词关系词关系词定语从句定语从句Mary is a girl who has long hair.关系代词关系代词关系副词关系副词事、物：事、物：which/that/whose/as 人：人：who/whom/whose/that/as地点：地点：where时间：时间：when原因：原因：whyThe film that we just talked about is
11、 very interesting.1.A plane is a machine.The machine can fly.2.The boy is called Tom.The boy broke the window.3.The boy was brought up by his grandfather.His parents are dead.A plane is a machine that can fly.The boy who broke the window is called Tom.The boy whose parents are dead was brought up by
12、 his grandfather.如何判定用关系代词还是用关系副词1、找出定语从句中是否主语和宾语都齐全。如齐全用关系副词。用什么关系副词看先行词。I will never forget the days(_ I stayed with you).when_Jurassic Park is about a park _(a very rich man keeps different Kinds of dinosaurs)._where1958 was the year _(Spielberg made his first real film)._Please give me the reaso
13、n _(you made such a great success)._whenwhyMorning is the best time _(you practise reading aloud)._whenDo you remember the lake _(you first met your girlfriend.）_where2、如定语从句中缺宾语，确定定语从句的谓语动词是不是及物 动词，如是，用关系代词，如不是，用关系副词。如何判定用关系代词还是用关系副词 Yesterday we went to visit the house _(the great writer used to l
14、ive)._wherein whichThe house _(they built in 1987)stayed up in the earthquake.which that /_Luckily none of the people _(I know)were killed in the earthquake.whowhom that /_ _My father was born in the year _(the Second World War broke out)._in whichwhen3、如定语从句中谓语结构是被动结构，有主语，则用关系副词。Kunming is a beauti
15、ful place _(flowers are seen all the year round).whereOctober 1st is the day _(new China was founded).whenThe window(_ was opened this morning)has been broken.Which thatThe meeting (_ will be held next week)is very important.Which that如何判定用关系代词还是用关系副词 The house,whose roof is red,was destroyed.The ho
16、use,the roof of which is red,was destroyed.The house,of which the roof is red,was destroyed.Its impossible for him to find the restaurant in which/where he had dinner 10 years ago.He knows the professor who nodded to me.He doesnt know the professor(whom)I referred to.This is the factory where I work
17、ed.This is the factory which I visited.It is the third time that you have been late.He borrowed the same book as the one I am reading.He borrowed the same book that I had read.Do you still remember the day when/on which you joined our club.The sun warms the earth,which is of primary importance to us human beings.At last,the thief handed all that he had stolen to the policeman.Our lives depend on the land where/from which we get our food.
