1、 GrammarLearning aims To master the different uses of it.2.To learn more about the Summer Palace.Lets learn some knowledge about the Summer Palacethe Summer Palace(颐和园颐和园)它是以昆明湖、万寿山为基址，以杭州西湖为它是以昆明湖、万寿山为基址，以杭州西湖为蓝本，汲取江南园林的设计手法而建成的一座蓝本，汲取江南园林的设计手法而建成的一座大型山水园林，也是保存最完整的一座皇家行大型山水园林，也是保存最完整的一座皇家行宫御苑，被誉为宫御
2、苑，被誉为“皇家园林博物馆皇家园林博物馆”，也是国，也是国家重点景点。家重点景点。颐和园，北京市古代皇颐和园，北京市古代皇家园林，前身为清漪园，家园林，前身为清漪园，坐落在北京西郊，距城坐落在北京西郊，距城区十五公里，占地约二区十五公里，占地约二百九十公顷，与圆明园百九十公顷，与圆明园毗邻。毗邻。Main attractions 各种形式的宫殿园林建筑各种形式的宫殿园林建筑30003000余间，余间，大致可分为大致可分为行政、生活、游览行政、生活、游览三个部分。三个部分。颐和园占地面积颐和园占地面积达达293293公顷，主公顷，主要由要由万寿山万寿山和和昆明湖昆明湖两部分组两部分组成。成。仁寿
3、殿仁寿殿以仁寿殿为中心的行政区，是当年慈禧以仁寿殿为中心的行政区，是当年慈禧太后和光绪皇帝坐朝听政，会见外宾的太后和光绪皇帝坐朝听政，会见外宾的地方。地方。行政区行政区o9、要学生做的事，教职员躬亲共做；要学生学的知识，教职员躬亲共学；要学生守的规则，教职员躬亲共守。2023-6-262023-6-26Monday,June 26,2023o10、阅读一切好书如同和过去最杰出的人谈话。2023-6-262023-6-262023-6-266/26/2023 8:24:43 AMo11、一个好的教师，是一个懂得心理学和教育学的人。2023-6-262023-6-262023-6-26Jun-23
4、26-Jun-23o12、要记住，你不仅是教课的教师，也是学生的教育者，生活的导师和道德的引路人。2023-6-262023-6-262023-6-26Monday,June 26,202313、He who seize the right moment,is the right man.谁把握机遇，谁就心想事成。2023-6-262023-6-262023-6-262023-6-266/26/2023o14、谁要是自己还没有发展培养和教育好，他就不能发展培养和教育别人。2023年6月26日星期一2023-6-262023-6-262023-6-26o15、一年之计，莫如树谷；十年之计，莫如树
5、木；终身之计，莫如树人。2023年6月2023-6-262023-6-262023-6-266/26/2023o16、提出一个问题往往比解决一个更重要。因为解决问题也许仅是一个数学上或实验上的技能而已，而提出新的问题，却需要有创造性的想像力，而且标志着科学的真正进步。2023-6-262023-6-26June 26,2023o17、儿童是中心，教育的措施便围绕他们而组织起来。2023-6-262023-6-262023-6-262023-6-26o2、Our destiny offers not only the cup of despair,but the chalice of oppor
6、tunity.(Richard Nixon,American President)命运给予我们的不是失望之酒，而是机会之杯。二二一年六月十七日2021年6月17日星期四o3、Patience is bitter,but its fruit is sweet.Patience is bitter,but its fruit is sweet.(Jean Jacques Rousseau,French thinker)忍耐是痛苦的，但它的果实是甜蜜的。10:516.17.202110:516.17.202110:5110:51:196.17.202110:516.17.2021o4、All tha
7、t you do,do with your might;things done by halves are never done right.All that you do,do with your might;things done by halves are never done right.-R.H.Stoddard,American poet做一切事都应尽力而为，半途而废永远不行6.17.20216.17.202110:5110:5110:51:1910:51:19o5、You have to believe in yourself.Thats the secret of succes
8、s.You have to believe in yourself.Thats the secret of success.-Charles Chaplin人必须相信自己，这是成功的秘诀。-Thursday,June 17,2021June 21Thursday,June 17,20216/17/2021o乐寿堂乐寿堂生活区生活区仁寿殿后是三座大型四合院：乐寿堂、仁寿殿后是三座大型四合院：乐寿堂、玉澜堂和宜芸馆，分别为慈禧、光绪和玉澜堂和宜芸馆，分别为慈禧、光绪和后妃们居住的地方。后妃们居住的地方。游览区游览区 颐和园自万寿山顶的智慧海向下，由颐和园自万寿山顶的智慧海向下，由佛香阁、德辉殿、排
9、云殿、排云门、云佛香阁、德辉殿、排云殿、排云门、云辉玉宇坊，构成了一条层次分明的中轴辉玉宇坊，构成了一条层次分明的中轴线。山下是一条长线。山下是一条长700700多米的多米的“长廊长廊”，长廊枋梁上有彩画长廊枋梁上有彩画80008000多幅，号称多幅，号称 “世世界第一廊界第一廊”。长廊之前是昆明湖。昆明。长廊之前是昆明湖。昆明湖的西堤是仿照西湖的苏堤建造的。万湖的西堤是仿照西湖的苏堤建造的。万寿山后山、后湖古木成林，有藏式寺庙，寿山后山、后湖古木成林，有藏式寺庙，苏州河古买卖街。后湖东端有仿无锡寄苏州河古买卖街。后湖东端有仿无锡寄畅园而建的谐趣园，小巧玲珑，被称为畅园而建的谐趣园，小巧玲珑，
10、被称为“园中之园园中之园”。佛香阁佛香阁排云殿排云殿文昌阁文昌阁长廊长廊的用法的用法作为非人称代词的用法作为非人称代词的用法作为人称代词的用法作为人称代词的用法其他用法其他用法概述概述：it 是代表人以外的动物或物品的单是代表人以外的动物或物品的单数名词，通常意为数名词，通常意为“它它”。除此之外，。除此之外，it 还还有很多其他特殊的用法，而其意思根据实际有很多其他特殊的用法，而其意思根据实际情况而定。情况而定。（一）（一）作为人称代词的用法作为人称代词的用法概述概述：我们常用：我们常用it作人称代词，代替人、事、物。作人称代词，代替人、事、物。1.it 用来指代动物。用来指代动物。如：如：
11、Look at the monkey.It is so cleaver.看这只猴子，它真机灵。看这只猴子，它真机灵。This is the Summer Palace.It is really beautiful.这是颐和园，它真美。这是颐和园，它真美。注意注意当我们常用当我们常用it指代动物时，如果是宠物，指代动物时，如果是宠物，我们通常可以用我们通常可以用he或者或者she来代替来代替it。如：如：My cat is five years old.He likes sleeping on my bed.我的小猫五岁了，他喜欢在我的床上我的小猫五岁了，他喜欢在我的床上睡觉。睡觉。I have
12、 a dog.She is my best friend.我有一条狗，她是我最好的朋友。我有一条狗，她是我最好的朋友。2.it 用来指代不清楚性别的小孩。用来指代不清楚性别的小孩。如：如：My sister will have a baby soon.We guess it will be a boy.我的姐姐马上就要生孩子了。我们猜是一我的姐姐马上就要生孩子了。我们猜是一个小男孩。个小男孩。There is a baby over there.It is so cute.那边有个宝宝，真可爱！那边有个宝宝，真可爱！3.it 用来指代不明身份的人。用来指代不明身份的人。如：如：Who is t
13、hat over there?Maybe it is your friend Jack.那里的人是谁？也许是你的朋友杰克。那里的人是谁？也许是你的朋友杰克。Someone is knocking at the door.Please go and see who it is.有人在敲门。请你去看看是谁。有人在敲门。请你去看看是谁。4.it 用来指代前面提到过的事物。用来指代前面提到过的事物。如：如：This is not my book.It is Jims.这不是我的书。它是吉姆的。这不是我的书。它是吉姆的。Many people have been to Guilin.It is a wo
14、nderful place.很多人去过桂林。它是个很美的地方。很多人去过桂林。它是个很美的地方。（二）作为非人称代词的用法（二）作为非人称代词的用法it 可以用来指代时间、日期、天气、温度、距可以用来指代时间、日期、天气、温度、距离等。离等。如：如：-Whats the time now?现在是几点？现在是几点？-Its ten oclock.十点。十点。-When is the Teachers Day?教师节是在什么时候？教师节是在什么时候？-Its on 10 September.九月十日。九月十日。-Whats the weather like today?今天天气如何？今天天气如何？
15、-Its nice.是晴天。是晴天。-How far is it from your home to school?从你家到学校有多远？从你家到学校有多远？-Its an one-hour ride.骑车要一小时。骑车要一小时。（三）其他用法（三）其他用法it 还可以用来作为形式主语或形式宾语，指代还可以用来作为形式主语或形式宾语，指代动词不定式或者从句。动词不定式或者从句。如：如：It is so nice to go climbing with him!和他一起爬山真好！和他一起爬山真好！It is good that we have many friends!我们有许多朋友真好！我们有许
16、多朋友真好！I find it easy to solve the problem.我发现解决这个问题很容易。我发现解决这个问题很容易。it 作为形式主语常用于下列句型。作为形式主语常用于下列句型。It takes some time to It takes one hour to get there.到那要花一个小时。到那要花一个小时。It is+adj.+(of/for)+toIt is nice of you to help me.你能帮我真好。你能帮我真好。It is said/reported/that It is said that everyone may have a chan
17、ce to travel to Mars in the year of 2050.据说到据说到2050年每个人都有机会到火星旅游。年每个人都有机会到火星旅游。think(s)/find(s)it easy/difficult/hard/to it 作为形式宾语常用于下列句型。作为形式宾语常用于下列句型。Nobody thinks it easy to figure out this Math problem.没人认为解出这道数学题很简单。没人认为解出这道数学题很简单。I find it interesting to learn something new.我发现学习新东西很有趣。我发现学习新东
18、西很有趣。If an animal is a pet,we usually use he or shefor it.My cat is very friendly.She is a happy cat.Uses of itA using it as a pronounTipTip We use it for animals and lifeless things.Look at the panda.It is so small.Another famous attraction is the Great Wall.It runs for over 6,000 kilometres across
19、 northern China.We use it for a young child when we do not know whether it is a girl or a boy.My aunt will have a baby soon.She hopes it will be a girl.Look at that cute baby over there!Its a boy,isnt it?We use it for an unknown person.-Who was calling you on the phone just now?-It was my cousin.We
20、use it for an action,a situation or an idea mentioned in a previous statement.Riding around the countryside is popular in Guilin,isnt it?Tourists like to take a boat trip along the Lijiang River.It is great fun.A visit to the Summer Palace The exchange students visited the Summer Palace yesterday.Ke
21、vin is writing about it.Read the passage below and find out what each it refers to.Write your answers in the blanks.Yesterday we visited the Summer Palace and spent about three hours in it.The palace is a Chinese garden and mainly includes a hill and a lake.The lake is very bigit takes up three quar
22、ters of the area.It was frozen,so we could not row a boat there.It was really a pity.1._ 2._3._ 4._the Summer Palacethe lakethe lakewe could not row a boat thereAcross the lake is a 17-hole bridge.There are many stone lions on either side of it.The lions are all different from each other.Isnt it ama
23、zing?While I was walking along the bridge,my mobilephone rang.It was my mum.I told her that the Summer Palace was well worth visiting.5._ 6._7._ the 17-hole bridgethe lions are all different from each otherunknown personLanguage points1.The lake is very bigit takes up three quarters of the area.湖很大，
24、占了四分之湖很大，占了四分之 三的面积。三的面积。o短语短语take up 的意思是的意思是“占据占据(空间空间),占用占用 (时间时间)”。如：。如：The table takes up too much space.这张桌子太占地方了。这张桌子太占地方了。(2)three quarters 四分之三四分之三Review:分数表达法分数表达法分子（用基数词）分子（用基数词）/分母（用序数词复数表分母（用序数词复数表示；分子示；分子1时用单数形式）时用单数形式）如：如：五分之三五分之三 three fifths 十分之七十分之七 seven tenths 二分之一二分之一 one(a)half
25、 (不能用不能用one second)2.Across the lake is a 17-hole bridge.There are many stone lions on either side of it.湖上有一座十七孔桥，桥两边有很多石狮子。湖上有一座十七孔桥，桥两边有很多石狮子。第一句为倒装句。当表示地点状语的介词第一句为倒装句。当表示地点状语的介词 短语位于句首时将谓语提到主语前面构成短语位于句首时将谓语提到主语前面构成 完全倒装完全倒装。如：。如：In front of the building is a big park.在这个建筑前面是个大公园。在这个建筑前面是个大公园。(2
26、)on either side of=on each side ofB Using it as an impersonal pronoun We also use it for the time,the date,the weather,the distance,etc.It is 6:30 p.m.It is raining heavily outside.It is 1 January today.It is New Years Day.In Beijing,it is cold and windy in winter.It is two kilometres from my school
27、 to my home.The exchange students left for Shanghai.Kevin has made some notes in his diary.Rewrite his sentences with it.Leaving for Shanghai Today is 22 February.We left Beijing for Shanghai early in the morning._.We left Beijing for Shanghai early in the morning.2.Shanghai is about 1,300 kilometre
28、s from Beijing._from Beijing to Shanghai.It is 22 February todayIt is about 1,300 kilometers3.I woke up at 5 a.m.this morning._ when I woke up this morning.4.I felt a little cold when we went out.The temperature was only 2C.I fait a little cold when we went out._.5.Winter is very cold and dry in Bei
29、jing.In winter,_.It was 5 a.mIt was only 2Cit is very cold and dry in Beijing6.We arrived in Shanghai on a sunny day._when we arrived in Shanghai.7.We got to our hotel at noon._when we got to our hotel.8.Our hotel is not far from the Bund._ from the Bund to our hotel.It was sunny/a sunny dayIt was n
30、oonIt is not farC Using it to replace the real subject or object Sometimes we use it to replace the real subject or object in a sentence.In this situation,we put the real subject or object later in the sentence in the form of a to-infinitive or a clause.It is very tiring to climb the steps.It is pop
31、ular to hire a bicycle and ride around the countryside.It is amazing that there are so many rocks in unusual shapes in the cave.Many people find it pleasant to travel around.Useful structures with itIt is+adjective+(of/for)+to.It takes.some time to.It is said/reported/.that.think(s)/find(s)it easy/d
32、ifficult/.to.About Shanghai Miss Thompson,a British teacher traveling with the exchange students,is writing down what she thinks about Shanghai.Help her complete her notes with it.Traffic:The traffic is often busy,but public transport here is quite good,so _(easy)for people to get around.Weather:(2)
33、_(sunny)and warm.We like(3)_ here.Environment:(4)_(said)that the air is not clean here,but I do not think the pollution is as serious as I imagined.it is easyIt is sunnyitIt is saidSights:Shanghai is beautiful.(5)_(fun)to ride around the city and visit the interesting places.Food:Chinese food is del
34、icious.I will ask my family to go to a Chinese restaurant and try(6)_ when I get back.Hotel:We all think(7)_(comfortable)to stay m this hotel.They provide a high level of service.It is funitit is comfortablePeople:The local people are friendly.(8)_(kind)of them to answer all our questions.it is kind
35、1.-He was nearly drowned once.-When was _?-_ was in 1998 when he was in middle school.A.that;It B.this;This C.this;It D.that;This2.Someone is ringing the doorbell.Go and see _.A.who is he B.who he is C.who is it D.who it is一、单项选择。一、单项选择。AD3.In fact _ is a hard job for the police to keep order in an
36、important football match.A.this B.that C.there D.it4.Mikes mother kept telling him that he should work hard,but _didnt help.A.he B.it C.she D.whichDB5.Since you have repaired my computer,_ is no need for me to buy a new one.A.it B.there C.this D.that6.The official made _ clear that he would do every
37、thing possible to solve the problem.A.it B.this C.that D.himAA7.-Do you like _ here?-Oh,yes,the air,the weather and the way of life.Everything is so nice.A.this B.there C.that D.it 8._ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.A.There B.This C.That D.It DD二二、填空。、填空。1._(据报
38、道据报道)a lot of people lost their jobs in the city last month.(report)2._（看来）（看来）nobody knows what has happened.(seem)3._（看起来似乎）（看起来似乎）its going to rain.(look)4._（很可能）（很可能）the thieves dont know how much it is worth.(likely)It is reported thatIt seems thatIt looks thatIt is likely thatHomework Remember all the new words and expressions in this unit.2.Find more exercises about the use of it and finish them.
