1、第三讲词性转换考点一 名词与其他词类的词性转换(一)形容词变名词的后缀(二)动词变名词的后缀(三)表示“人”的名词后缀在某些形容词、名词或动词后面加后缀变成具有某种职业或动作的人。常见的表示“人”的后缀有：题组微练(单句语法填空)12021陕西省重点中学模拟On this day，thousands of people all around the world reached out to make a new positive _(connect)with others.22021长春市高三质量监测Individuals who throw away their garbage withou
2、t sorting it can be fined up to 200 yuan，while companies and _(organize)can face fines up to 5,000 yuan.答案与解析：connection考查名词。根据空前的“make a new positive”和空后的“with others”可知，此处填名词connection“联系”作make的宾语。答案与解析：organizations考查词性转换。空处与名词companies并列，表示不止一个组织，故此处用名词复数。32021贵阳市高三适应性考试The tactics represent the
3、 _(wise)of Chinese people.They are not only useful on the battlefield but also useful for business and personal life.42021合肥市高三第一次质量检测A painting with a _(long)of 1014.37 meters has received a Guinness World Record title for the longest drawing by an individual artist.答案与解析：wisdom考查名词。根据空前的“the”和空后的“
4、of”可知，空处应为名词，所以填wisdom。答案与解析：length考查词性转换。此处表示一幅长达米的画作，根据空前的a和空后的of可知，此处应用名词，a length of.“长达”，所以填length。52021山西省重点中学高三联考Young kids want to improve _(fit)and learn Chinese culture，adults take classes to relieve stress brought by work，and retired people practice it to prevent health problems.62020全国卷
5、Filled with _(curious),the artist packed his bags and left.答案与解析：fitness考查名词。本空作动词improve的宾语，故填名词形式。fitness“健康”。答案与解析：curiosity考查词性转换。介词with后应使用名词。考点二 形容词、副词的前后缀(一)形容词变副词的后缀(二)动词、名词变形容词的后缀题组微练(单句语法填空)12021昆明市高三“三诊一模”David Katz was upset by all the plastic going into the ocean.To help solve the probl
6、em，he had a _(create)ideato treat plastic like money.22021贵阳市高三适应性考试The Contemporary Museum of Calligraphy(书法)contains many art pieces including Arabic，Chinese,_(Europe)，Indian，Japanese and Slavic calligraphic works.答案与解析：creative考查形容词。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰名词idea，应用形容词形式，所以填creative。答案与解析：European考查词性转换。and
7、前后为并列的形容词，共同修饰后面的名词短语calligraphic works，所以填European。32021济南市高三质量评估Smells from cookies baking in the kitchen or the smell of a homemade dish can bring back _(amaze)memories of growing up.42019北京卷Students should have a proper attitude towards college before thinking about which college to attend，and i
8、ts never too early to make necessary preparations for a healthy and _(meaning)college experience.答案与解析：amazing考查词性转换。此处表示“令人惊讶的记忆”，应用形容词修饰名词memories；amazing意为“令人惊讶的”，修饰物；amazed意为“大为惊奇的”，修饰人。故填amazing。答案与解析：meaningful考查词性转换(名词变形容词)。用形容词修饰名词college experience。52020全国卷As the small boat moved _(gentle)a
9、long the river he was left speechless by the mountains being silently reflected in the water.62021天津高三八校第二次联考What is driving this _(grow)in veganism?It is because people want to protect the environment.答案与解析：gently考查词性转换。修饰动词moved应使用副词。答案与解析：growth考查名词。句意：为何纯素食主义如此受欢迎？空格前有this修饰，与this一起做drive的宾语，要用g
10、row 的名词形式growth。考点三 变动词的前缀和后缀 题组微练(单句语法填空)12019浙江卷Besides，what you told me about your country _(broad)my horizons and aroused my interest in foreign culture.22019全国卷The purpose of the HUNCH programs to _(sharp)students communication skills.broadenedsharpen考点四 转化法转化法是由一种词类转化为一种或几种词类的构词法。这种构词法词形没有改变，转
11、化后的单词在意义上通常与原单词有密切联系。注意：high，deep，wide用作副词时表示具体，而highly，deeply，widely表示抽象。语法填空解题技法【典例感悟】12020北京卷Because of the confidence she inspired in me,Ive carved out a _(success)profession as a journalist.22020新高考山东卷In the 18th and 19th centuries,_(wealth)people travelled and collected plants,historical objec
12、ts and works of art.答案与解析：successful考查词性转换。profession 为名词，意为“职业”，故应用形容词修饰名词，故填successful。答案与解析：wealthy考查词性转换。根据设空处后面的名词people可知，这里应用形容词wealthy修饰。32019全国卷They also shared with us many _(tradition)stories about Hawaii that were _(huge)popular with tourists.42021衡水中学第一次模拟There is also no _ (evident)tha
13、t protein from a powder or bar can improve athletic performance any more than protein from food.答案与解析：traditional考查词性转换(名词变形容词)。所填词修饰名词stories，故应用tradition的形容词形式traditional。hugely考查词性转换(形容词变副词)。所填词修饰形容词popular，故应用huge的副词形式hugely。be hugely popular with非常受欢迎。答案与解析：evidence句意：也没有证据表明粉末或棒状物中的蛋白质比食物中的蛋白质
14、更能提高运动成绩。固定句型：There is no evidence that.“没有证据”。该句中no后面用名词，名词后面是that引导的同位语从句。52021兰州高三诊断考试I feel proud that our Chinese culture attracts many people from different cultures.The performance was very _(impress)62021广州市综合检测二Now he and his Chinese friends are using drones(无人机)_(film)the Great Wall,which
15、provides a _(complete)new and fascinating perspective.答案与解析：impressive考查形容词。根据语境可知，表演非常令人难忘。根据句意可知该处用形容词作表语。答案与解析：to film考查非谓语动词。use sth.to do sth.“用做”是固定用法，此处不定式作目的状语，所以填to film。completely考查副词。分析句子结构可知，空处应为副词，修饰形容词new，所以填completely。【答题微点】语法填空解题“2策略”1利用句子成分确定词性(1)如果要填的词在句中作主语、宾语或表语要考虑名词形式。(2)如果要填的词作
16、定语、表语、主语补足语或宾语补足语，要想到用形容词；如果作状语，要想到用副词。2根据修饰词或被修饰词确定词性(1)如果要填的词被形容词、定冠词或形容词性物主代词修饰，此时要考虑用名词形式。(2)如果要填的词修饰名词，要想到用形容词；如果修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，要想到用副词。语法填空2021安徽部分重点中学高三联考Experiences are acquired through our journey in life;we choose and create our beliefs,fears and opinions 1._(base)on all our experiences i
17、n life.Even though things and life are the way they are,we all have different opinions about everything and everybody.Other people have opinions about us too.But 2._ really matters is the opinion we have about 3._(we).You either choose to accept and follow what other people believe 4._ decide to be
18、yourself and live according to the reality of life.1答案与解析：based考查形容词或非谓语动词。“be based on”是固定用法，意为“以为依据”，故此处可为形容词短语作后置定语；另外，“base sth.on sth.”也为固定用法，意为“以为依据”，此处“our beliefs,fears and opinions”与base为逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词形式based。2答案与解析：what考查主语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处引导主语从句，在从句中作主语，表示“的事物”，故填what。注意：that引导主语从句时，在从句中不充当
19、成分。3答案与解析：ourselves考查代词。此处表示“我们对自己的看法”，故填反身代词ourselves。4答案与解析：or考查固定搭配。“either.or.”是固定搭配，意为“要么要么”，符合语境。5_ living life as it is and being yourself,you create an image about yourself.It is extremely important 6._(understand)how this image,created by your beliefs and imagination,directs and influences
20、your 7._(grow).This image that you create about yourself 8._(determine)who you are and how you feel；it determines how successful you become in life.Everything starts in the mind.If you really want to accomplish your dreams,picture yourself having and living the life you want.Believe in yourself and
21、be 9._(confidence)!It doesnt matter how bad or difficult the 10._(circumstance)may look like.In short,you are as happy or sad as you see yourself.5答案与解析：By考查介词。此处表示通过过真实的生活，做你自己，你创造了一个关于你自己的形象。故用介词by,意为“通过”。6答案与解析：to understand考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处考查不定式作真正的主语，it作形式主语的用法，故填to understand。7答案与解析：growth考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知，空前的形容词性物主代词your的后面应跟名词，故填growth。8答案与解析：determines考查动词的时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空处应与上下文用的一般现在时保持一致，且句子的主语是第三人称单数，故填determines。9答案与解析：confident考查形容词。分析句子结构可知，空前的系动词be后应跟形容词作表语，故填confident。10答案与解析：circumstances考查名词的单复数。根据语境可知，此处表示各种情况，故填circumstances。谢谢观看！
