1、高二英语Book7 Unit3 Under the sea Period3 grammar Unit 3 Grammar ReviseRevise the Passive Voice of the Passive Voice of ing ing FormForm Having been attacked by terrorists, the World Trade Center collapsed. 1. Unexpectedly, being unemployed gave me back a sense of purpose I was someones mum! 2. What we
2、are sure about is the need to prevent children from being spoiled. 3. The silence of the library was broken only by the sound of pages being turned over. 4. Being watched by his English teacher, little Tom felt nervous, not knowing what to say. 5. Did you see the boy being questioned by the police?
3、6. Having been told many times, he finally understood it. 一、行为主体不明确，不必说出或者无一、行为主体不明确，不必说出或者无 法说出动作的执行者时。法说出动作的执行者时。例如：例如： Football is played all over the world 二、不易找到或根本就不可能找到动作二、不易找到或根本就不可能找到动作 的执行者时。的执行者时。例如：例如： My bike was stolen 我的自行车被盗了。我的自行车被盗了。 何时使用被动语态呢？何时使用被动语态呢？ 三、汉语中含有“据说”、“据悉”、三、汉语中含有“据说
4、”、“据悉”、 “有人说”、“大家说”等时。“有人说”、“大家说”等时。例如：例如： It is said that one day he climbed to the top of a house. It was reported that her mother died of SARS. 众所周知众所周知 It is well known that. 据推测说据推测说 It is supposed that 四、汉语中含有“被”、“由”等词时。四、汉语中含有“被”、“由”等词时。 例如：例如： Wei Hua was asked to come by Lin Tao 魏华是被林涛叫来的。魏
5、华是被林涛叫来的。 五、某些句子习惯上用被动语态。五、某些句子习惯上用被动语态。 例如：例如： He was born in October, 1989 六、表示礼貌时。六、表示礼貌时。 例如：例如： You are friendly invited to come to our English party at 8:00 p.m. tomorrow 敬请您明天晚上敬请您明天晚上8：00光临我们的英语光临我们的英语 晚会。晚会。 V-ing 形式由形式由 “doing” 构成，构成， 其否定形式是其否定形式是 “not doing”, V- ing 可以带宾语或状语构成可以带宾语或状语构成 V
6、-ing 短短 语，没有人称和数的变化，但有语，没有人称和数的变化，但有 时态和语态的变化。时态和语态的变化。 V V- -ing ing 形式形式 语态语态 时态时态 主动形式主动形式 被动形式被动形式 一般式一般式 完成式完成式 (not) doing (not) being done (not) having done (not) having been done 当非限定性动词当非限定性动词-ing的逻辑主语的逻辑主语 是是-ing所表示的动作对象时要用所表示的动作对象时要用 -ing的被动形式，包括其一般形式的被动形式，包括其一般形式 “(not) being + -ed分词和完成形
7、式分词和完成形式 “(not) having been +-ed分词”分词” 。 什么情况用什么情况用V V- -ing ing 形式的被动式呢？形式的被动式呢？ 当动词当动词-ing 形式的逻辑主语是形式的逻辑主语是 动作的承受者时，就要用动词动作的承受者时，就要用动词-ing 形式的被动语态。形式的被动语态。 动词动词-ing形式的被动语态和它的形式的被动语态和它的 主动语态一样，在句中可以作主语、主动语态一样，在句中可以作主语、 宾语、定语、状语。宾语、定语、状语。 动词动词- -inging形式的被动语态形式的被动语态 1. Being killed by sharks in the
8、sea is a common thing. 2. Being helped out by the killer whales, the whalers were able to make successful kill. 用作主语用作主语 1.He was afraid of being scolded by the teacher. 2. I remember having been told the story. 3. I didnt like the idea of being thrown about in a boat on a rough sea. 用作宾语用作宾语 V-ing
9、形式既可作动词的宾语形式既可作动词的宾语, 也可作也可作 介词的宾语。介词的宾语。 The bird escaped _ (catch). He was afraid of _ (abandon) by us. being abandoned being caught 在在 avoid, admit, appreciate, complete, consider, delay, enjoy, escape, excuse, finish, forgive, imagine, mind, miss, practise, risk, suggest, give up, put off, feel
10、like, insist on 等后只接等后只接V-ing形式形式 作宾语。作宾语。 注意注意 1.The problem being discussed now is very important. 2. The house being built will be our library upon its completion. 用作定语用作定语 1. Being asked to answer the question, she couldnt refuse. 2. Having been given such a good chance, how would you not value
11、it at all? 用作用作状状语语 Ving 一般时一般时和和一般时的被动形式一般时的被动形式; (1) He hurried home, looking behind from time to time. (2) The building being repaired is our dormitory. Compare I Ving 的的完成时完成时和和完成时的被动形式完成时的被动形式 (1) Having heard this , our teacher expressed her satisfaction. (2) Having been asked to stay, I could
12、nt leave. Compare II 在绝大数情况下，句子的逻辑主语是句在绝大数情况下，句子的逻辑主语是句 中的主语，但有时可有一个名词或代词表中的主语，但有时可有一个名词或代词表 示逻辑上的主语，这种带逻辑主语的结构示逻辑上的主语，这种带逻辑主语的结构 称为称为独立结构独立结构。 The meeting being over, we all left the room and drove home. 会议结束后会议结束后, 我们都离开房间开车走了。我们都离开房间开车走了。 It being a holiday, all the shops were shut. 由于今天是假日，所有商店都
13、关门了。由于今天是假日，所有商店都关门了。 The heavy frost coming on, dead leaves lay thick on the ground. 浓霜降临浓霜降临, 落叶满地。落叶满地。 一些动词如一些动词如need, want, require等作等作 “需要”讲时“需要”讲时, 其后的动词其后的动词-ing形式的主形式的主 动语态表示被动意义动语态表示被动意义, 也可以用不定式的也可以用不定式的 被动形式来替换。如：被动形式来替换。如： 注意注意 The blackboard needs cleaning. = The blackboard needs to be
14、 cleaned. 黑板需要擦干净。黑板需要擦干净。 The broken window wants repairing. = The broken window wants to be repaired. 那个破窗户需要修理。那个破窗户需要修理。 另外注意另外注意be worth及及be worthy 的用法：的用法： The problem is worth discussing. The problem is worthy of being discussed. The problem is worthy to be discussed. 以上三个句子都意为“这个问题值得讨论”。以上三个
15、句子都意为“这个问题值得讨论”。 1. - What made Bill so angry? - _. His girl friend promised to come at 8:30, but she hasnt come yet. A. Having kept waiting B. Being kept waiting C. To be kept waiting D. Being kept waited 课堂练兵课堂练兵 2. The building _ in our school is for us teachers. Though theres noise most of the d
16、ay, we still feel happy about it. A. built B. having been built C. to be built D. being built 3. The squirrel was lucky that it just missed _. A. catching B. to be caught C. being caught D. to catch 4. While shopping, people sometimes cant help _ into buying something they dont really need. A. to pe
17、rsuaded B. persuading C. being persuaded D. be persuaded 5. _ many times, the boy still didnt know how to do the exercises. A. Having taught B. Having been taught C. taught D. Teaching 6. _ the whole story, Jane decided not to see the film. A. Having been told B. Having told C. Been told D. Telling
18、7. He has always insisted on his _ Dr Turner instead of Mr Turner. A. been called B. called C. having called D. being called 8. Do you mind _ alone at home? A. Jane leaving B. Jane having left C. Janes being left D. Jane to be left 9. _ abroad for a tour is a great honor for an ordinary person like
19、me. A. Taken B. Taking C. Having been taken D. Being taken 10. I hear theyve invited Lucy, but she didnt mention _ when we talked on the phone. A. to invite B. having been invited C. having invited D. to be invited 11. Ben cant attend the party _ at Lilys house at present because he is preparing for
20、 tomorrows test. A. hold B. to hold C. to be held D. being held 12. _, the enemy troops were forced to give in. A. Being surrounded B. To surround C. To be surrounded D. Having surrounded 13. The appointment _ because of the snowstorm, Miss Green had to stay at home. A. canceling B. being canceled C
21、. having been canceled D. to be canceled 14. After the man became conscious, he remembered _ and hit on the head with something hard. A. to attack B. having been attacked C. attacking D. to be attacked 1. Have you handed in your schoolwork yet? Yes, I have. I guess it _ now. (2007 辽宁卷辽宁卷) A. has gra
22、ded B. is graded C. is being graded D. is grading 2. The country has already sent up three unmanned spacecraft, the most recent _ at the end of last March. (2007 山东卷山东卷) A. has been launched B. having been launched C. being launched D. to be launched 3. I hear theyve promoted Tom, but he didnt menti
23、on _ when we talked on the phone. (2008 江西卷江西卷) A. to promote B. having been promoted C. having promoted D. to be promoted 4. _ around the Water Cube, we were then taken to see the Birds Nest for the 2008 Olympic Games. (2008 陕西卷陕西卷) A. Having shown B. To be shown C. Having been shown D. To show 5.
24、I still remember _ to the Famen Temple and what I saw there. (2009 陕西卷陕西卷) A. to take B. to be taken C. taking D. being taken 6. _ many times, he finally understood it. (2009 四川卷四川卷) A. Told B. Telling C. Having told D. Having been told 1. _ (ask) to put on performance, she refused. 2. He disliked _
25、 (interrupt) in his experiment . 3. _ (give) such a good chance, you should catch it . Being asked Fill in the blanks. being interrupted Having been given 4. I didnt mind _ (leave) at home. 5. The house wants _ (clean). 6. He came in without _ (ask). 7. _ (show) around the library, we were taken to see the lab. being left cleaning being asked Having been shown Go over the grammar. Finish the exercises on P.P. 22-23. HomeworkHomework
