1、Do great things! 【 1】 2016 年高考英语集训营 “七选五”阅读 综合检测 （） Public Speaking and Critical Thinking What is critical thinking？ To a certain degree， its a matter of logic(逻辑 ) of being able to spot weaknesses in other peoples arguments and to avoid them in your own.It also includes related skills such as disti
2、nguishing fact from opinion and assessing the soundness of evidence. In the broad sense， critical thinking is focused， organized thinking the ability to see clearly the relationships among ideas._1_The greatest thinkers， scientists， and inventors have often taken information that was readily availab
3、le and put it together differently to produce new ideas.That， too， is critical thinking. _2_As the class goes on， for example， you will probably spend a good deal of time organizing your speeches.While this may seem like a purely mechanical(机械的 )exercise， it is closely connected with critical thinki
4、ng.If the structure of your speech is loose and confused， chances are that your thinking is also disordered and confused.If， on the other hand，the structure is clear ， there is a good chance your thinking is Do great things! 【 2】 too.Organizing a speech is not just a matter of arranging the ideas yo
5、u already have._3_ What is true of organization is true of many aspects of public speaking._4_ As you work on expressing your ideas in clear， accurate language ， you will approve your ability to think clearly and accurately._5_As you learn to listen critically to speeches in class， you will be bette
6、r able to assess the ideas of speakers in a variety of situations. If you take full advantage of your speech class， you will be able to develop your skills as a critical thinker in many circumstances.This is one reason public speaking has been regarded as a vital part of education since the days of
7、ancient Greece. A Rather， it is an important part of shaping the ideas themselves. B This may seem like a lot of time， but the rewards are well worth it. C It may also help you to know that there is no such thing as a perfect speech. D It has often been said that there are few new ideas in the world
8、，only reorganized ideas. E If you are wondering what this has to do with your public speaking class， the answer is quite a lot. F The skills you learn in your speech class can help you become a more effective thinker in a number of ways. Do great things! 【 3】 G As you study the role of evidence and
9、reasoning in speechmaking，you will see how they can be used in other forms of communication as well. 【 解析 】 本文是议论文。从广义上说 ， 批判性思维是一种条理性的思维方式 ， 一种能够看到各种观点之间联系的能力。本文作 者以组织演讲为例 ，说明批判性思维的具体表现形式。 1 细节过渡题。根据下文中的 “The greatest thinkers ，scientists， and inventors have often taken information that was readily
10、 available and put it together differently to produce new ideas.” 可知 ， 世界上没有新的思想 ， 只有重组后的新思想。 答案： D 2 主旨大意题。文章下文是批判性思维和演讲的关系 ， 故 E 项为该段的段落主题句。 答案： E 3 段落结论题。此空和上句是本段的段落结论 ， 组织演讲不只是安排你已经拥有的想法 ， 而是重塑思想的重要部分。 答案： A 4 细节过渡题。在演讲课上学习 到的技能在许多方面使你成为优秀的思想者 ，此处是总述，下文通过几个并列句进行分述，其实是对段落主题 句的照应。 答案： F Do great t
11、hings! 【 4】 5 文章结构题。此空上下文都出现了 as 引导的时间状语从句 ，以说明演讲课程的好处 ， 这样 G 项在结构和语境两方面都很吻合。 答案： G （） Easy Ways to Keep Your Brain Sharp Everyone is forgetful， but as we age， we start to feel like our brains are slowing down a bit and that can be a very annoying thing._1_Read on for some techniques worth trying. 1
12、 _2_ People who regularly made plans and looked forward to upcoming events had a 50 percent reduced chance of Alzheimers disease(早老性痴呆症 )， according to a recent study._3_Something as simple as setting a goal to have a weekly coffee date with a friend will do.Theres evidence that people who have a pu
13、rpose in life or who are working on long or short term goals appear to do better.In other words， keep your brain looking forward. 2 Go for a walk. Mildly raised glucose(葡萄糖 )levels can harm the area of the brain that helps you form memories and physical activity can help get blood glucose down to no
14、rmal levels.In fact， exercise produces chemicals that are good for your brain._4_ Do great things! 【 5】 3 Learn something new. Take a Spanish class online， join a drawing club， or learn to play cards.A study found that mental stimulation(刺激 )limits the weakening effects of aging on memory and the mi
15、nd.But the best thing for your brain is when you learn something new and are physically active at the same time._5_Or go dancing with your friends. A Focus on the future. B This can be especially harmful to the aged. C It should be something like learning gardening. D So take a few minutes each day
16、to do some reading. E But dont worry if your schedule isnt filled with lifechanging events. F Luckily， research shows there is a lot you can do to avoid those moments. G In other words， when you take care of your body， you take care of your brain. 【 解析 】 本文是说明文。如何保持大脑的灵活性 ， 本文给出若干简单易学的方法 ， 其 中包括着眼未来
17、、散步以及学习新知识等。 1 细节过渡题。上文提出大脑存在的问题 ， 但是幸运的是 ， 研究表明 ， 你可以做一些事情避免这种情况的发生。 答案： F 2 主旨大意题。此空是下段的小标题 ， 根据下文中的 “.keep Do great things! 【 6】 your brain looking forward.” 可以推知 ， 该段主旨大意是着眼未来。 答案： A 3 逻辑关系题。上文提到经常作计划 ， 并着眼未来事务的人患老年痴呆症的机率要少 50%， 但是即便你的日程里没那么多改变生活的重大事件也不用担心 ， 因为制定一个每周和朋友喝一次咖啡的这样一个简单目标也能实现同样的效果。 答
18、案： E 4 段落结论题。根据上文中的 “In fact ， exercise produces chemicals that are good for your brain.” 可以推知 ， 照顾好身体 ， 也就照顾好了大脑。 答案： G 5 文章结构题。上文提到对大脑有好处的活动 ， 再联系下文与空格平行的句子可以推知 ， 此处指：应该是像学习园艺或者与朋友一起跳舞之类的活动。 答案： C （ ） Tips for Cooking on a Tight Schedule From my experience， there are three main reasons why people
19、dont cook more often： ability， money， and time._1_Money is a topic.Ill save Do great things! 【 7】 for another day.So today I want to give you some wisdom about how to make the most of the time you spend in the kitchen.Here are three tips for great cooking on tight schedule： 1 Think ahead.The moments
20、 when I think cooking is a pain are when Im already hungry and theres nothing ready to eat.So think ahead of the coming week.When will you have time to cook？ Do you have the right materials already？ _2_ 2 Make your time worth it.When you do find time to cook a meal，make the most of it and save yours
21、elf time later on.Are you making one loaf of bread？ _3_It takes around the same amount of time to make more of something.So save yourself the effort for a future meal. 3 _4_This may surprise you， but one of the best tools for making cooking worth your time is experimentation.It gives you the chance
22、to hit upon new ideas and recipes that can work well with your appetite and schedule.The more you learn and the more you try， the more ability you have to take control of your food and your schedule. Hopefully that gives you a good start._5_And dont let a busy schedule discourage you from making some great changes in the way you eat and live! A Try new things. B Ability is easily improved. C Make three or four instead. Do great things! 【 8】
