1、人教版新教材(选择性必修第一册)（Unit 5 Using Language） 第一部分：课文语法填空 新人教选择性必修 B1U5 P55 CHEMICAL VERSUS ORGANIC FARMING Chemical pesticides and artificial fertilisers _(spread) use in farming since the middle of the 20th century. When they were first introduced, many farmers welcomed them _a great way to fight crop d
2、isease and increase production. Over time, however, _ some scientists have found is that their long-term use can sometimes harm _ the land and peoples health. For example, pesticides can damage the land _killing not only harmful bacteria and insects, _ also helpful ones. In addition, these chemicals
3、 can stay in the soil and underground water sources for a long time. This affects the crops _(grow) on the land and, _ turn, the animals and humans who digest them. Many people worry that these chemicals may make them ill and even cause cancer. In fact, some pesticides like DDT _(prohibit) in most c
4、ountries because of the damage they cause to people and the environment. _ for chemical fertilisers, crops _(grow) with them usually grow too fast to be rich _ nutrition. They may look beautiful on the outside, but inside there is usually more water_ essential minerals, and they often have less flav
5、our as well. As an alternative, some farmers have switched _ organic farming, and many customers have turned to organic food when they shop at the local grocery. Organic farming is simply farming _ using any chemicals. Organic farmers focus on keeping their soil rich and free of disease _ natural me
6、ans. For example, many organic farmers use natural waste from animals as fertiliser. This makes the soil in their fields_(rich) in minerals. It also keeps the air, soil, water, and crops free of chemicals. Organic farmers also use many other methods _(produce) rich soil. They often change the kind o
7、f crop grown in each field every year. For instance, they may grow corn or wheat in a field one year, and then grow beans there the next. Why different crops are grown is because they put important minerals back into the ground, _(make) it ready for the next batch of crops. Organic farmers also plan
8、t diverse crops that use different _(deep)of soil to help keep it rich. For example peanuts grow on the grounds surface, but many other vegetables put down deep roots. The goal of using different organic farming methods is _(grow) good food while avoiding damage to the environment or to peoples heal
9、th. Some people would prefer to stop the use of man-made chemicals in agriculture entirely. _ keeps them from doing so is the fact that chemical farming serves the high demand for food around the world. Organic farming is nowhere near able to meet that need._, there is still a long way to find a sui
10、table_(solve) that puts sufficient food on the dinner table while _(keep)people and the environment as healthy as possible. 1_2_3_ 4_5_6_ 7_8_9_ 10_11_12_ 13_14_15_ 16_17_18_ 19_20_ 21_22_23_ 24_25_ 答案 1. have been in widespread 2. as 3. what 4. both 5. by 6. but 7. grown 8. in 9. have been prohibit
11、ed 10. As 11. grown 12. in 13. than 14. to 15. without 16. through 17. richer 18. to produce 19. making 20. depths 21. to grow 22. What 23. Therefore 24. solution 25. keeping 第二部分：中英文翻译 CHEMICAL VERSUS ORGANIC FARMING 化学耕作和有机耕作 Chemical pesticides and artificial fertilisers have been in widespread u
12、se in farming since the middle of the 20th century. When they were first introduced, many farmers welcomed them as a great way to fight crop disease and increase production. Over time, however, what some scientists have found is that their long-term use can sometimes harm both the land and peoples h
13、ealth. 自 20 世纪中期以来，化学农药和人工化肥在耕作中得到了广泛使用。当它们 第一次被引迚时，很多农民喜欢使用农药和化肥，把它们作为防治农作物病虫 害和提高产量的重要手段。然而，随着时间的推移，一些科学家发现长期使用 农药和化肥会造成土地受损，对人们的健康造成危害。 For example, pesticides can damage the land by killing not only harmful bacteria and insects, but also helpful ones. In addition, these chemicals can stay in the
14、 soil and underground water sources for a long time. This affects the crops grown on the land and, in turn, the animals and humans who digest them. Many people worry that these chemicals may make them ill and even cause cancer. In fact, some pesticides like DDT have been prohibited in most countries
15、 because of the damage they cause to people and the environment. As for chemical fertilisers, crops grown with them usually grow too fast to be rich in nutrition. They may look beautiful on the outside, but inside there is usually more water than essential minerals, and they often have less flavour
16、as well. 例如，农药在杀死病菌和害虫的同时也会杀死有益的细菌和昆虫，从而破坏土 地。此外，这些化学物质可以在地里和地下水中保存很长时间，而这会影响生 长在土地上的农作物，迚而影响到消化它们的动物和人类。许多人担心这些化 学物质会使他们生病甚至导致癌症。事实上，像滴滴涕这样的杀虫剂在大多数 国家已经被禁止了，因为它们对人类和环境造成了破坏。至于化肥，施过化肥 的农作物通常生长得过快而营养丌足。它们表面上很好看，但是里面的水分通 常比必需的矿物质多，而且味道也丌太好。 As an alternative, some farmers have switched to organic farm
17、ing, and many customers have turned to organic food when they shop at the local grocery. Organic farming is simply farming without using any chemicals. Organic farmers focus on keeping their soil rich and free of disease through natural means. For example, many organic farmers use natural waste from
18、 animals as fertiliser. This makes the soil in their fields richer in minerals. It also keeps the air, soil, water, and crops free of chemicals. 作为另一种选择，一些农民开始转向有机耕作，许多顾客在当地杂货店贩物时 转向有机食品。有机耕作就是丌用任何化学肥料的耕作。有机耕作的农民注重 通过自然的方式保持土壤肥沃和免受病害。例如，许多有机耕作的农民把天然 的动物粪便当作肥料。这样会使他们地里的土壤更富含矿物质，同时还可以让 空气、土壤、水以及农作物丌受化
19、学物质的污染。 Organic farmers also use many other methods to produce rich soil. They often change the kind of crop grown in each field every year. For instance, they may grow corn or wheat in a field one year, and then grow beans there the next. Why different crops are grown is because they put important
20、minerals back into the ground, making it ready for the next batch of crops. Organic farmers also plant diverse crops that use different depths of soil to help keep it rich. For example peanuts grow on the grounds surface, but many other vegetables put down deep roots. The goal of using different org
21、anic farming methods is to grow good food while avoiding damage to the environment or to peoples health. 有机耕作的农民也使用很多其他的方法来保持土壤肥沃。在同一块地里， 他 们经常每隔几年就换种农作物。例如，他们可能一年在一块地里种玉米或小麦 后来年再改种豌豆。种植丌同的作物是因为它们把重要的矿物质带回土壤， 从而使之适宜于种植下一批作物。有机耕作的农民还种植多种农作物，利用丌 同层次的土壤来帮助保持肥沃。例如，花生种植生长于浅层土壤，但许多其他 蔬菜种植生根于深层土壤。使用丌同的有机耕作
22、方法的目的是种植好的粮食， 避免损害环境或者人们的健康。 Some people would prefer to stop the use of man-made chemicals in agriculture entirely. What keeps them from doing so is the fact that chemical farming serves the high demand for food around the world. Organic farming is nowhere near able to meet that need. Therefore, there is still a long way to find a suitable solution that puts sufficient food on the dinner table while keeping people and the environment as healthy as possible. 有些人宁愿完全停止在农业中使用人造化学品。阻止他们这样做的原因是化学 农业满足了世界各地对粮食的巨大需求。有机耕作完全丌能满足那样的需求。 因此，要找到一个合适的解决方案，使人们的餐桌上有足够的食物，同时保持 人们和环境尽可能地健康仍然有很长的路要走。
