1、不同语篇类型下不同语篇类型下高考阅读理解细节题解读高考阅读理解细节题解读观点态度题主旨题、猜词题、文章类型题细节理解题（概括、归纳、推断）细节题（识别和理解）理解具体信息 理解词汇 理解文章结构、类型 推断阅读理解题型分析 语篇的词汇 语篇的段间、句间关系 语篇的信息展开方式PART PART ONEONEPART PART TWOTWOPART PART THREETHREE选材选材题型题型实例实例高考阅读理解真题分析高考阅读理解真题分析卷I B篇 20 xx年高考全国卷语篇年高考全国卷语篇来源来源卷II C篇这两篇都来自于NPR News，美国国家公共电台。它的内容涵盖新闻、文化，还有一些
2、很有特色的专栏。一选材卷I C篇卷III D篇这两篇都来源于The New York Times,纽约时报，美国严肃媒体的代表，题材和形式非常丰富。取材广泛，体裁多样，时代性强高考材料出处的特点实用类题材鸡汤励志类小故事人类命运类时效性人与社会人与自然人与自我试题选材的三大主题国际视野家国情怀试题的主要语篇类型应用文说明文记叙文夹叙夹议PART PART TWOTWO题型题型高考怎么考高考怎么考年份卷名细节理解和推断主旨大意文章结构类型词义猜测观点态度识别和理解概括和归纳推理或推断2020全国卷56211221全国卷523311全国卷23521112019全国卷515221全国卷721111全
3、国卷6152018全国卷623211221全国卷73全国卷7412120 xx-20 xx年全国卷“阅读理解题型分析细节理解和推断题在阅读中的比重大约为73.3%-80%语篇信息展开语篇的段间与句间关系语篇的词汇年份卷名细节理解和推断主旨大意文章结构类型词义猜测观点态度识别和理解概括和归纳推理或推断2020全国卷56211221全国卷523311全国卷23521112019全国卷515221全国卷721111全国卷6152018全国卷623211221全国卷73全国卷7412120 xx-20 xx年全国卷“阅读理解考点分布直接细节理解间接细节理解概括细节理解应用文说明文记叙文PART PAR
4、T TWOTWO高考怎么考高考怎么考实例实例应用文AJourney Back in Time with ScholarsClassical Provence(13days)Journey through the beautiful countryside of Provence，France，with Prof.Ori Z.Soltes.We will visit some of the best-preserved Roman monuments in the world.Our tour also includes a chance to walk in the footsteps of
5、Van Gogh and Gauguin.Fields of flowers,tile-roofed(瓦屋顶)villages and tasty meals enrich this wonderful experience.21.What can visitors see in both Classical Provence and Southern Spain？A.Historical monuments.B.Fields of flowers.C.Van Goghs paintings.D.Greek buildings.20 xx全国卷由关键词定位段落答案是原文词汇再现直接细节题记叙文
6、Bpara3 There are three books I reread annually The first,which I take to reading every spring is Emest Hemningways A Moveable Feast.Published in 1964,its his classic memoir of 1920s Paris.The language is almost intoxicating(令人陶醉的)，an aging writer looking back on an ambitious yet simpler time.Another
7、 is Annie Dillards Holy the Firm,her poetic 1975 ramble(随笔)about everything and nothing.25.What do we know about the book A Moveable Feas!?A.Its a brief account of a trip.B.Its about Hemingways life as a young man.C.Its a record of a historic event.D.Its about Hemingways friends in Paris.20 xx全国卷信息归
8、纳由关键词定位段落间接细节题memory说明文20 xx全国卷Bpara2 Of the common berries,strawberries are highest in vitamin C,although,because of their seeds,raspberries contain a little more protein(蛋白质),iron and zinc(not that fruits have much protein).Blueberries are particularly high in antioxidants(抗氧化物质).The yellow and or
9、ange stone fruits such as peaches are high in the carotenoids we turn into vitamin A and which are antioxidants.As for cherries(樱桃),they are so delicious who cares?However,they are rich in vitamin C.24.What does the author seem to like about cherries?A.They contain protein.B.They are high in vitamin
10、 C.They have a pleasant taste.D.They are rich in antioxidants.A、B、D 张冠李戴同义词替换由关键词定位段落间接细节题间接细节题说明文C para5As a result,she says,some of the injuries associated with running,such as runners knee,are uncommon among race walkers.But the sports strange form does place considerable stress on the ankles and
11、 hips,so people with a history of such injuries might want to be cautious in adopting the sport.In fact,anyone wishing to try race walking should probably first consult a coach or experienced racer to learn proper technique,she says.It takes some practice.30 What is Dr.Norbergs suggestion for someon
12、e trying race walking?A.Getting experts opinions.B.Having a medical checkup.C.Hiring an experienced coach.D.Doing regular exercises.曲解文意B、D无中生有20 xx全国卷同义词替换同义词替换由关键词定位段落说明文20 xx全国卷Cpara3The disappearance of the wolves had many unexpected results.Deer and elk populations major food sources(来源)for the
13、 wolf grew rapidly.These animals consumed large amounts of vegetation(植被),which reduced plant diversity in the park.In the absence of wolves,coyote populations also grew quickly.The coyotes killed a large percentage of the park s red foxes,and completely drove away the park s beavers.30.What did the
14、 disappearance of gray wolves bring about？A.Damage to local ecology.B.A decline in the parks income.C.Preservation of vegetation.D.An increase in the variety of animals.信息归纳概括细节题说明文20 xx全国卷Cpara4Just two seats over，Andrew Mazoleny，a local videographer，is finishing his lunch at the bar.He likes that
15、he can sit and check his phone in peace or chat up the barkeeper with whom hes on a first-name basis if he wants to have a little interaction(交流).“I reflect on how my days gone and think about the rest of the week,he said.“Its a chance for self-reflection,You return to work recharged and with a plan
16、.30.What do we know about Mazoleny?A.He makes videos for the bar.B.Hes fond of the food at the bar.C.He interviews customers at the bar.D.Hes familiar with the barkeeper.信息归纳无中生有学习能力长难句概括细节题2021年高考阅读理解展望年高考阅读理解展望1.1.高考语篇类型主要考查应用文、记叙文和说明文，其中高考语篇类型主要考查应用文、记叙文和说明文，其中以说明文为主以说明文为主。细节理解题仍然是阅读理解中的考查重点、学生得分
17、的重点。细节理解题仍然是阅读理解中的考查重点、学生得分的重点。3.3.语言知识方面语言知识方面，会突出，会突出词类的活用，词类的活用，句子结构的分析句子结构的分析。4.4.文章选材仍然会从语言地道、特点鲜明的外媒选材，主题突出人与社会、文章选材仍然会从语言地道、特点鲜明的外媒选材，主题突出人与社会、人与自然、人与自我，并融入人与自然、人与自我，并融入中国情怀中国情怀,落实教育落实教育立德树人立德树人根本任务。根本任务。生词同义词转换get around:四处走动，消息传开，解决熟词新意词性转换长难句分析同义词转换信息归纳、总结不同语篇类型下的阅读理解细节题不同语篇类型下的阅读理解细节题评讲课例
18、评讲课例 试卷分析：通过试卷批改和数据分析，学生正确率通过试卷批改和数据分析，学生正确率63.7%，出错多的题目为：出错多的题目为：22、24、26、28、31应用文 记叙文 说明文Passage A Passage A 应用文22.What can children do with a day pass?A.Take ride on the worlds biggest ride B.Learn knowledge about forest conservation.C.Help train birds on the Bird Show.D.Learn about native and fo
19、reign species.曲解文意曲解文意先看题先看题定位关键词定位关键词27.9%27.9%Passage B Passage B 记叙文24.What made Chris nervous?A.Telling a story.B.Making a speech C.Taking a test D.Answering a question.26.Whats the purpose of Whaleys project?A.Help students see their own strengths B.Assess students public speaking skills.C.Prep
20、are students for their future jobs.D.Inspire students love for politics.purposepurposePassage B Passage B 记叙文同义替换：同义替换：confidenctsee their own strengthsPassage C Passage C 说明文experimentexperimentTopicTopicresultresultexampleexamplePassage C Passage C 说明文experimentexperimentexampleexampleTopicTopicre
21、sultresultTopic sentence When teachers take part in a training program concentrating on special classroom behavior which acts to the benefit of social in general,their students are better able to control their moods，and children who are able to manage their moods are more likely to succeed academica
22、lly.长难句：缩句法长难句：缩句法 teacher -take part in a training programstudents-control mood succeed academically Passage C Passage C 说明文31.What can we learn from the last paragraph?A.The program improves students academic performance.B.The results of the program were completely unexpected.C.Students in control
23、 classrooms can control their moods better.D.The students change their bad behavior some after the program.词性转换：词性转换：academic academicallyPassage C Passage C 说明文28.What do the teachers do in the training program?A.They can learn how to recognize poor behavior.B.They learn how to manage children in d
24、ifferent ways.C.They offer the psychologists advice on mood control.D.They look after children from kindergarten to 5th grade.23.6%23.6%重视代词重视代词张冠李戴张冠李戴正确选项特点错误类型原文原词原文原词 21.23.21.23.同义替换同义替换 22.29.22.29.信息归纳信息归纳 28.31 28.31.无中生有无中生有 24A.24A.张冠李戴张冠李戴 28C.28C.断章取义断章取义 29C.29C.曲解文意曲解文意 22D.22D.教师点拨教师根
25、据学生答复情况，进行补充，最终归纳教师根据学生答复情况，进行补充，最终归纳错误选项类型与正确选项特点，总结解题策略。错误选项类型与正确选项特点，总结解题策略。解题策略应用文记叙文说明文六要素六要素5W 1H5W 1H 语篇结构语篇结构长难句长难句分析分析 同义替换，词性转换，熟词新意。同义替换，词性转换，熟词新意。butbut、howeverhowever、so so 等等转折词和因果词。转折词和因果词。引号里，冒号后，破折号。引号里，冒号后，破折号。for example/show/suggest/indicate for example/show/suggest/indicate.关注：查找、查找、定位定位 +分析、理解、归纳分析、理解、归纳
