1、 高考冲刺卷高考冲刺卷(二二) 第一部分 听力(略) 第二部分 英语知识运用(共两节，满分 35 分) 第一节 单项填空(共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分) 请认真阅读下面各题，从题中所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 21.Unless you learn to forgive，you will feel stressed and have nothing to yourself against that stress. A.cushion B.warn C.prejudice D.measure 答案 A 解析 句意为： 除非你学会原谅， 否则你会感到有压力，
2、 且没有任何东西可以缓和那种压力。 cushion 缓和，打击，符合语境。warn 警告，告诫；prejudice 使有偏见；measure 估量。 22.Ridding yourself of the bad habit can protect you against anxiety and the harm does to mental health. A.one B.this C.it D.that 答案 C 解析 句意为：摆脱这个坏习惯可以保护你免受焦虑和它对精神健康造成的危害。根据句意可知， 空处指代前面提到的“the bad habit”，应用 it。故选 C。 23. you p
3、romise to do something，you cant change your mind just because you want to do another thing more. A.Until B.Once C.Unless D.While 答案 B 解析 句意为：一旦你许诺做某事，你就不能只因你更想做另外一件事而改变主意。once 一旦， 一就，符合语境。until 直到为止；unless 除非；while 当的时候。 24.Chinese Olympic champion Wu Dajing 39.505 seconds to win the Mens 500 metres
4、 at the ISU Short Track Speed Skating World Cup held in Salt Lake City on November 12, 2018, breaking the world record. A.clocks B.clocked C.has clocked D.had clocked 答案 B 解析 句意为：2018 年 11 月 12 日，中国奥运会冠军武大靖以 39.505 秒的成绩赢得了在盐湖城举 办的 ISU 短道速滑世界杯男子 500 米比赛的冠军，打破了世界纪录。根据句中的时间状语“November 12,2018”可知，此处描述的是
5、发生在过去的动作，应用一般过去时。故选 B。 25.A constant lack of one vitamin in a(n) complete diet can cause deficiency disease，a condition produced by a lack of vitamins or other essential substances. A.otherwise B.rather C.anyway D.meanwhile 答案 A 解析 句意为：原本均衡的饮食中某种维生素持续缺乏会引起营养缺乏症，即一种缺乏维生素或 其他必要(营养)物质而导致的疾病。otherwise 除
6、此之外，符合语境。rather 相当；anyway 而且，无论如 何；meanwhile 与此同时。 26.Related departments should conduct the targeted on-the-job training for medical staffs based on their actual needs in order to improve their professional effectively. A.consequence B.independence C.competence D.intelligence 答案 C 解析 句意为：有关部门应根据医务人
7、员的实际需要，对他们进行针对性的在职培训以有效提高 其专业技能。competence 技能，符合语境。consequence 后果；independence 独立；intelligence 智力。 27.I would like to paint the walls and get the carpet cleaned. I you，I would spend a few days dealing with those things before moving in. A.Should B.Were C.Had D.Was 答案 B 解析 句意为：我想粉刷墙和清洗地毯。如果我是你，我会在搬进去
8、之前花几天时间处 理这些事情。根据语境可知，此处表示与现在事实相反的虚拟，从句谓语动词应用过去式，且此处省 略了 if，故将 were 提前以构成倒装。 28.The Shenzhen-Shantou high-speed rail service is to be opened on Jan.5,2019 in Guangdong， has been considered a window of Chinas reform and opening-up. A.what B.where C.which D.that 答案 C 解析 句意为：深汕高铁服务将于 2019 年 1 月 5 日在广东省
9、开通，而广东省一直被视为中国改革 开放的窗口。分析句子结构可知，空处在此引导非限制性定语从句，且在从句中作主语，先行词是 Guangdong，故用 which。 29.You have to pay a lot of money to give your children a good education nowadays! A place in a top university abroad . A.throws a fit B.sits on the fence C.costs an arm and a leg D.has a finger in every pie 答案 C 解析 句意为
10、：如今你必须花很多钱(才能)让你的孩子受到良好的教育！ 进入国外顶尖大学需要花 一大笔钱。 cost an arm and a leg(使)花一大笔钱， 符合语境。 throw a fit 大为震惊， 大发脾气； sit on the fence 持观望态度；have a finger in every pie 多管闲事，到处干预。 30.Some creatures in the deep sea are ，which can be damaged with a slight touch. A.delicate B.sticky C.artificial D.deadly 答案 A 解析 句
11、意为：深海里的一些生物很脆弱，稍微一碰它们就可能被破坏。delicate 脆弱的，符合语 境。sticky 黏的；artificial 假的，非自然的；deadly 致命的。 31.Haidilao recently opened a smart hotpot restaurant, whose kitchen, with two rows of robotic arms，can automatically collect prepackaged dishes from cold storage. A.equipped B.equipping C.to equip D.being equipp
12、ed 答案 A 解析 句意为：海底捞最近开了一家智能火锅店，其厨房配有两排机械臂，可自动从冷藏库收集 预先包装好的菜肴。分析句子结构可知，此处应用非谓语动词。又 equip 与其逻辑主语 kitchen 之间构 成动宾关系，故应用过去分词作后置定语。故选 A。 32.The ABB LEAF Awards is to innovative architectural designs that set the standard for the next generation of the international architectural community. A.given back B.
13、given away C.given off D.given out 答案 D 解析 句意为：绿叶奖是颁发给创新建筑设计的奖项，这些设计为国际建筑界的下一代树立了标 准。give out 分发，符合语境。give back 归还；give away 赠送；give off 发出(气味、热、光等)。 33.It hurt her a great deal all she had done for the project in the past years was of little or even no use at all. A.that B.what C.whether D.why 答案 A
14、 解析 句意为：想着过去几年来为这个项目奉献的一切有很少甚至完全没有用处，她伤心欲绝。 分析句子结构可知，it 是形式主语，真正的主语是空处引导的主语从句，且主语从句成分与意义完整， 故用 that 引导该主语从句。 34.It must be his family education that has made him what he is now. But other factors are also . A.at hand B.at ease C.at play D.at best 答案 C 解析 句意为：一定是他的家庭教育造就了现在的他。但其他因素也在起作用。at play 起作用，符
15、合语境。at hand 接近；at ease 安逸，自由自在；at best 至多。故选 C。 35.I can tell you the truth on condition that you promise to keep it secret.Can you? I wont tell anyone. A.You have my word. B.Youve got me there. C.Thats the case. D.Thats something. 答案 A 解析 句意为：如果你能保守秘密，我就告诉你真相。你能吗？我向你保证。我不会告 诉任何人的。 you have my word
16、我向你保证， 符合语境。 youve got me there 你难住我了； thats the case 情况就是这样；thats something 太好了，太棒了。 第二节 完形填空(共 20 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 20 分) 请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Game of Light and Shade It was a sunny day.I had gone up and down the tower when，outside the door at the foot，a blind man came toward me
17、.In a moment，he disappeared up the stairs.I looked at the sign that said “To the Tower”， and decided to 36 him. I caught up with him in the ticket office.There I was 37 to see the attendant(工作人员) selling him a ticket as if he were any other visitor.Then，with the ticket in one hand and 38 the wall wi
18、th the fingers of the other，the blind man reached the stairs 39 to the hallway. “That man is blind.What would a blind man climb up the tower for？” I said to the attendant， expecting him to show some 40 ，but he didnt answer. “Not the 41 certainly，”I said.“Perhaps he wants to 42 .” I bought a ticket a
19、nd 43 up the stairs.The man hadnt gone as far as I 44 .A third of the way up the tower，I heard his 45 .I slowed down and followed him at a little 46 .He stopped from time to time.When he got to the balcony(阳台)，I was a dozen steps 47 .As I reached it，I saw him at the corner of the tower. At last，afte
20、r ten minutes，I 48 him.“Excuse me，” I said as politely as I could，“but I am curious to know 49 you came up.” He smiled.“Coming up the stairs，you will notice how not just light but sun 50 into the tower through the narrow windows here and there，so that you can feel the 51 the cool stairs suddenly bec
21、ome quite warmand how up here behind the wall there is 52 ，but as soon as going opposite a window you can find the sun.There is no 53 so good as this for feeling the difference between light and shade.It is not the first time Ive come up.” The blind man seemed quite 54 ，just like a child who was enj
22、oying his favorite games.He told me the truth that blind men can also find the beauty in life 55 they cannot enjoy the sights of the world. 语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文，作者跟随一位盲人登塔，盲人告诉他尽管盲人们无法看 到世界上的风景，但他们也能找到生活里的美。 36.A.accept B.follow C.control D.visit 答案 B 解析 accept 接受；follow 跟随；control 控制；visit 参观。我看着“登塔”的指示牌，
23、决定跟随他 上去看看具体情况。因为对于他登塔要做的事情，我很好奇。故 B 项正确。 37.A.frightened B.disappointed C.surprised D.embarrassed 答案 C 解析 frightened 害怕的；disappointed 失望的；surprised 惊讶的；embarrassed 尴尬的。当我看见 工作人员把他当做正常人一样，也卖票给他，我感觉很惊讶。故 C 项正确。 38.A.touching B.climbing C.hitting D.covering 答案 A 解析 touch 触摸； climb 攀登； hit 击中； cover 覆盖
24、。 由第一段第二句中的“a blind man came toward me”可知，对方是一个盲人，所以他只能摸着墙向上攀登。故 A 项正确。 39.A.pointing B.attaching C.contributing D.leading 答案 D 解析 point to 指向；attach.to.把附在之上；contribute to 对做贡献；lead to 导致， 通向。句中现在分词短语 leading to the hallway 作定语修饰名词 the stairs，指通向走廊的楼梯。其余三 项语义不搭配。故 D 项正确。 40.A.respect B.doubt C.conc
25、ern D.sympathy 答案 C 解析 respect 尊敬；doubt 怀疑；concern 担心，关心；sympathy 同情。我告诉工作人员他是一个 盲人，希望工作人员能够多关注他，因为他无法欣赏风景，他很可能是要登塔以后跳下去。故 C 项正 确。 41.A.view B.test C.prize D.trick 答案 A 解析 view 风景，观点；test 测试；prize 奖品，奖励；trick 诡计，把戏。我认为这个盲人不会到 塔顶去看风景，他是想去跳楼；所以我才让工作人员关注他。故 A 项正确。 42.A.kick B.jump C.relax D.escape 答案 B
26、 解析 句意参考上题解析。kick 踢；jump 跳跃；relax 放松；escape 逃跑。故 B 项正确。 43.A.struggled B.explored C.wandered D.hurried 答案 D 解析 struggle 挣扎，斗争；explore 探索；wander 徘徊，闲逛；hurry 匆忙。由上文可知，我非常 担心这个盲人，所以我买了票以后匆忙爬上楼梯跟着他查看他究竟想做什么。故 D 项正确。 44.A.promised B.examined C.imagined D.confirmed 答案 C 解析 promise 承诺；examine 检查；imagine 想象
27、；confirm 确认。这个盲人爬得并没有我想象得 那么远，在向上的楼梯三分之一的地方，我听到了他的脚步声。故 C 项正确。 45.A.steps B.words C.secrets D.cheers 答案 A 解析 句意参考上题解析。step 脚步声；word 话；secret 秘密；cheer 欢呼。故 A 项正确。 46.A.standard B.distance C.expense D.intention 答案 B 解析 standard 标准；distance 距离；expense 费用；intention 目的，意图。于是我放慢脚步，在后 面稍远处跟着他。名词 distance 表
28、示距离，故 B 项正确。 47.A.ahead B.around C.outside D.behind 答案 D 解析 ahead 在前面；around 在附近；outside 在外面；behind 在后面。当他到阳台的时候，我在后 面十几步的地方看着他。本句指我站在他的后面，观察他的行为。故 D 项正确。 48.A.recognized B.surrounded C.approached D.witnessed 答案 C 解析 recognize 认出， 意识到； surround 包围； approach 靠近； witness 目睹， 见证。 根据下文“Excuse me”可知，我靠近和
29、他打招呼。故 C 项正确。 49.A.why B.how C.when D.whether 答案 A 解析 作者一路跟着这位盲人登塔，主要是因为他不知道对方来这里的原因。所以句中使用 why 引导宾语从句。故 A 项正确。 50.A.knocks B.pours C.slides D.bursts 答案 B 解析 knock 敲击，击中；pour 倾倒；slide 滑倒；burst 爆发。爬上楼梯，你会注意到的不仅是光 线，还有阳光会从窄窄的窗户照射到各处。动词 pour 表示阳光透过窗户洒在楼梯上。故 B 项正确。 51.A.trend B.reaction C.change D.honor
30、 答案 C 解析 trend 趋势，倾向；reaction 反应；change 改变；honor 荣耀。从后句“the cool stairs suddenly become quite warm”可知，指这种变化。故 C 项正确。 52.A.light B.space C.mess D.shade 答案 D 解析 light 光线；space 空间；mess 杂乱；shade 阴影。根据生活常识可知，“behind the wall”通 常都有阴影。故 D 项正确。 53.A.place B.signal C.object D.period 答案 A 解析 place 地方；signal 信
31、号；object 物体；period 阶段，时期。没有什么地方和这里一样可以很 好得感觉光和影之间的差别。我不是第一次来这里了。故 A 项正确。 54.A.nervous B.content C.curious D.patient 答案 B 解析 nervous 紧张的；content 满足的， 满意的；curious 好奇的；patient 耐心的。根据后半句“just like a child who was enjoying his favorite games”可知，这个盲人似乎很满足。故 B 项正确。 55.A.unless B.because C.once D.although 答
32、案 D 解析 unless 除非；because 因为；once 一旦；although 尽管。他告诉我尽管盲人无法享受世界上 的风景，但他们也能找到生活里的美。根据句意可知，上下文之间表示让步关系，要用 although 引导。 故 D 项正确。 第三部分 阅读理解(共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分) 请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Employees we should get rid of wooden pallets.”He believes pallets should be made of plastic or
33、eco-composite wood.Eco-composite wood is a mix of wood fiber and plastic.Insects cannot hide into it.One problem is that these choices cost more.They may be worth the extra money，though.Invasive pests cost the US $5 billion a year.Trees dont just die in forests.They also die in cities and our yards.
34、Then，they need to be replaced.That costs money，too. 语篇解读 本文介绍了美国铁杉树虫害由运输过程中使用的木板所携带的外来蛾虫所 致。政府颁布了法案力图解决但收效甚微。有关人士就此也提出相应的解决方案。 61.All the statements are true EXCEPT that . A.pesticide has been applied to bug-killing B.the companies making pallets dont want more rules C.invasive pests hide in pallets
35、 used in shipping D.invasive pests are native to Wappinger Creek 答案 D 解析 细节理解题。 根据第二段第一句“The bug from East Asia is slowly killing trees across the USA.”可知，此害虫为外来物种，并非瓦平格河土生土长的，故选 D。 62.What can we infer from the passage? A.Bugs wont bother the tree if just in few numbers. B.Bugs ruin the shipping go
36、ods slowly. C.Bugs can be easily spotted by eyes. D.Bugs cover trees with white soft balls for protection. 答案 A 解析 推理判断题。根据第一段最后两句“However，trees can end up with millions and millions of the pests.When there are that many，it ends up killing the tree.”可知，每棵树上都会有大量的害虫，当达 到一定数量之后，树木就会死亡，故可以推出，少量的害虫不会造成树
37、木死亡，故选 A。 63.Why does Gary Lovett want to get rid of wooden pallets? A.Because insects mostly die in them. B.Because they are the major pest carriers. C.Because they are not worth extra money. D.Because plastic pallets are eco-friendly. 答案 B 解析 细节理解题。根据最后一段前两句以及最后一段第五、六、七句可知，木板是铁杉斑螟蛾 虫的主要载体，所以要把木制的板
38、子换成塑料的，让蛾虫无藏身之地，故选 B。 64.What does the passage mainly talk about? A.Congress contributes a lot to dealing with invasive pests. B.Effective measures have stopped the pest invasion. C.Invasive pests are harming plants in the USA. D.Ecosystem in the USA is poorly damaged by invasive woods. 答案 C 解析 主旨大意
39、题。根据第一段最后三句并结合全文内容可知，本文主要讲述外来蛾虫入侵所致 的铁杉树虫害，会给当地的树木造成剧烈的影响以及巨大的经济损失，故选 C。 D Governments，non-governmental organizations(NGOs) and charities sent representatives to Stockholm， Sweden in August,2017 for World Water Week activities.The subject of that years campaign was “Water and Waste：Reduce and Reuse”
40、. The United States Geological Survey defines wastewater as used water.It is the water that comes out of pipes from peoples homesfrom their bathrooms，washing machines and dishwashers.It can contain substances such as human waste，food pieces，oils，and chemicals.Businesses and industries also use water
41、 that must be cleaned. Wastewater can also have harmful substances that wash off roads，areas where motor vehicles are kept， and tops of buildings when it rains. Todd Gartner of the World Resources Institute says only a small amount of wastewater is being reused for other purposes. “Something like，I
42、think，only four or five percent of wastewater is being recycled for any useful purpose.And over 90 percent of wastewater is just raw water.Right，you obviously have some nutrients and some metals you have to filter(过滤) out，but the technology is increasingly becoming available to treat and reuse that
43、wastewater.” Gartner says the simple stepreusing watercould make a big difference.He notes that recycling is already happening in some places.“Even for potable water， there are a lot of places where people are treating wastewater to drinkable standards. And if you think of that as an option，it drama
44、tically reduces our need to think of using fresh water each time.” Treating wastewater is good for human beings because it provides fresh water for us.But it also helps the environment by keeping waste out of rivers and oceans. “Eighty percent of wastewater around the world is not treated at all，whi
45、ch means that it is running into oceans and bays.” Sarah Feakins，a professor at the University of Southern California，says agriculture is reducing the amount of water in the ground. “It is well-known that the water table level is dropping because of all the water being used for agriculture，so that m
46、eans we can not keep doing what we are doing for a very long time.We actually have to change what we are doing.” Todd Gartner believes there are two kinds of solutions.One is through low technology，like reforestation，or planting trees，and fixing pipes that leak.More high tech solutions include bette
47、r watering methods for agriculture，and factories removing salt from salt water. On average，the world uses about 10 billion tons of water a day.And while 75 percent of our planet is covered with water，only about two percent is fresh waterthat comes from rivers，lakes，ice and snow. The rest,98 percent
48、of the water，is in seas and oceans. It is too salty to drink.This is where desalination(脱盐) businesses come in. The International Desalination Association says there are more than 19,000 desalination plants worldwide.They process more than 92 million tons of water every day. But they require a lot of energy.Currently，desalination operations are found mostly in coastal nations with large energy supplies. Researchers are
