1、Space explorationSpace explorationUnit Unit 4 4Discovering Useful StructuresInfinitives(1)as the attribute and the adverbialPeriod 4语法感悟感知以下句子，完成方框下的小题1.people have always wanted to learn more about space，and scientists work hard to find answers.2.They make vehicles to carry brave people into space
2、to find out the secrets of the universe.3.However，some scientists were determined to help humans realise their dream to explore space.4.For example，Americas NASA space agency launched Voyager 1 on 5 September 1977 to study deep space.5.These disasters made everyone sad and disappointed，but the desir
3、e to explore the universe never died.6.China became the third country in the world to independently send humans into space in 2003.7.This signalled one step further in Chinas plan to establish a space station in the future.8.More recently，China has sent Change 4 to explore the surface of the far sid
4、e of the moon to make measurements and observations.以上句子中，加黑部分都是动词不定式，其结构为 ；作状语的是句 ；作定语的是句 。to do1、2、4、83、5、6、7语法精讲语法总览一、动词不定式作定语1.动词不定式作定语常放在名词或不定代词后面作后置定语，表示尚未发生的动作。We have much homework to do tonight.今晚我们有许多作业要做。2.名词前有first，last，next，the only等词或最高级修饰时，其后要用动词不定式作定语。She was the first woman to win t
5、he gold medal in the Olympic Games.她是第一位在奥运会上获得金牌的女性。3.抽象名词attempt，ability，chance，desire，determination，decision，plan，way或不定代词something，nothing等后面常用不定式作后置定语。Janis Adkins has the ability and desire to do useful work.詹尼斯阿德金斯有能力和愿望去做有用的工作。4.当名词与定语之间存在主谓关系时。We must find a person to do the job.我们必须找一个人来做这
6、项工作。注意：1.动词不定式作定语时，要放在它所修饰的名词或代词后面。Attention，please.The astronaut has something important to say.请注意，这名宇航员有重要的事情要说。2.如果不定式是不及物动词，其后要跟相应的介词。Give me a piece of paper to write on.给我一张纸写字。二、动词不定式作状语1.表示目的She went to the hospital to/in order to/so as to see her grandfather yesterday.昨天她去医院看望了她爷爷。To/In or
7、der to keep up with others，the intelligent young man has been working very hard.为了赶上别人，这个聪明的年轻人一直非常努力地工作。总结：在作目的状语的不定式前，常加上in order或so as，但so as不能位于句首。2.表示结果He is not so intelligent as to do that.他还没有聪明到做那件事的程度。The astronaut is such a hard-working person as to make great achievements.这名宇航员如此勤奋，结果他取得
8、了巨大成就。Do you have enough money to buy a computer?你有足够的钱买电脑吗？The girl is old enough to do her own things independently.这个女孩已经长大了，可以独立地做自己的事情了。The Californian ship arrived too late to save more people.加利福尼亚号到得太晚，没能挽救更多的人。He hurried to the agency，only to find the manager had left.他匆忙赶到代理处，却发现经理已经离开了。总结
9、：动词不定式作结果状语时常用如下结构：(1)so形容词/副词as to do 如此以至于(2)such形容词名词as to do 如此以至于(4)too形容词/副词to do 太而不能(5)不定式短语表示结果时，常与only连用，暗示一种意外的结果。3.表示原因Im disappointed to hear you lack the patience.听到你缺乏耐心我很失望。I am more than delighted to hear that you have won the first prize in the contest.我非常高兴地得知你在比赛中获得了一等奖。总结：不定式作原因
10、状语，常用在某些表示喜、怒、哀、乐等的形容词后。4.“be性质形容词不定式”结构中The experiment is difficult to carry out.这个实验很难进行。I am easy to get along with，so I will be fit for the position.我很容易相处，因此，我适合这个职位。总结：“be性质形容词不定式”结构中的不定式常用主动形式表被动意义，如果不定式的动词是不及物动词，需要加上相应的介词，常见的此类形容词有：easy，hard，difficult，interesting，heavy，pleasant，good，fit，comf
11、ortable，safe，dangerous，impossible等。达标检测完成下列语段，尽可能多地使用本单元语法(读后续写片段)我立即给莎莉打电话解释误会。打通之后，我是如此愧疚，我真诚地向她道歉。她轻声说：“没关系。我也渴望和你和解。”我太感动了，以至于控制不住我的泪水。从那时起，我下定决心信任我所爱的人，因为一个小小的错误就有可能足够严重到毁掉我们珍贵的友谊。毕竟，信任是世界上最容易失去的东西。I immediately called Sally 1.the misunderstanding.After getting through，I was so guilty 2._ .She
12、said softly，“Never mind.I also have the strong desire 3.”I was too moved 4.From then on，I determined to trust my loved ones，because a little mistake can be serious enough 5._ .After all，trust is the easiest thing in the world 6.to/in order to/so as to explainas to apologize to her sincerelyto make up with youto control my tearsto end our precious friendshipto lose
