1、英语语句按句子用途可分为陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句四类；按句子结构可以分为简单句、并列句和复合句三类一、陈述句：叙述一项事实的句子称为陈述句，可分为肯定句和否定句。Playing with chopsticks at table is thought to be impolite.（肯定句）在餐桌上玩筷子被认为是不礼貌的。The teenager didnt have a cell phone at hand then,otherwise he wouldnt have been stuck in the lift for so long.（否定句）这名少年当时手头没有手机，否则他就不会被
2、困在电梯里这么长时间。二、疑问句：用于提出问题的句子叫疑问句，按结构可分为一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句和反意疑问句。1、一般疑问句：用yes或no来回答的疑问句叫一般疑问句。其结构是：助动词+主语+谓语+其它成分。一般疑问句的否定式通常把be、have或情态动词和not的简略式nt一起放在句首。-Havent you had your breakfast yet？-No,I woke up late this morning and I didnt have time.二、疑问句：2、特殊疑问句：用疑问词提问的句子叫特殊疑问句。其结构是：疑问词+一般疑问句。When were chops
3、ticks invented?筷子是什么时候发明的？How can I choose words properly so as to inform him of my disappointment?我如何能合适的选择词汇，以告知他我的失望？By the way,how can we get to your city from the airport and which hotel shall we reserve?顺便问一下，我们怎样才能从机场到达你的城市？我们应该预订哪家酒店？二、疑问句：3、选择疑问句：用连词or连接询问的两部分的疑问句，以供选择。Do you feel like dini
4、ng out for a change or would you rather we two had supper at home?你想外出换个口味，还是你愿意我俩在家里吃晚饭吗?二、疑问句：4、反意疑问句：反意疑问句也叫附加疑问句，指的是在陈述句后面附加一个简短的一般疑问疑问，用于对陈述句所说的事实或观点提出疑问或表示证实。陈述部分与附加部分的动词时态和动词性质应保持一致，但是肯定和否定形式却彼此相反，即陈述部分为肯定式时，疑问句部分用否定式；陈述部分为否定式时，附加部分用肯定式。Jim likes English very much,doesnt he?吉姆很喜欢英语，对吗？The wom
5、an had a good time at the party last night,didnt she?那个女人昨晚在聚会上玩得很开心，不是吗？He doesnt have any money with him,does he?他没带钱，是吗?三、祈使句：用于表示命令、请求或建议的句子。其主语经常省略。Always have courage like that and you will make your mark.永远有这样的勇气，你会留下自己的印记。Never put off till tomorrow what you can do today.今天能做的事绝不要拖到明天。Turn d
6、own the radio.The baby is asleep in the next room.把收音机声音调小，孩子在隔壁房间睡着了。三、祈使句：用于表示命令、请求或建议的句子。其主语经常省略。重点句型：祈使句/名词词组+and/then/or/or else/otherwise+简单句。Work hard and you will succeed.=If you work hard,you will succeed.努力工作，你就会成功。Five minutes earlier,and we could have caught the early bus.=If we had been
7、 five minutes earlier,we could have caught the early bus.A bit more efforts,I think,and the problems could be settled.我认为，再努力些，问题就能解决。四、感叹句：用以表达快乐、痛苦、惊讶、哀叹、遗憾等强烈情感。感叹句常用how或what 引导。1.how修饰形容词、副词或动词构成感叹句。（1）How+形容词或副词+主语（单数或复数）+谓语！How beautiful the flower is/the flowers are!这花多漂亮啊！How fluently she sp
8、eaks English!她讲英语多么流利啊!四、感叹句：用以表达快乐、痛苦、惊讶、哀叹、遗憾等强烈情感。感叹句常用how或what 引导。1.how修饰形容词、副词或动词构成感叹句。（2）How+形容词+a/an+单数可数名词+主语+be！How careless a driver he is!他是个多么粗心的司机！How lovely an oil painting it is!它是多么可爱的一副油画啊！（3）How+主语+行为动词（谓语）！How the wind blows!风吹得多猛！四、感叹句：2.What修饰名词构成感叹句。（1）What a/an+形容词修饰的单数可数名词+主语
9、+be！What a beautiful picture it is!What an interesting film it is!那是多么有趣的一部电影！（2）What+形容词修饰的不可数名词+主语+be！What good news this is!What fine weather we are having these days!这些日子我们遇到的天气多么晴朗！（3）What+形容词修饰的复数名词+主语+be！What strange ideas you have!你有多么奇怪的想法！What beautiful pictures they are!它们是多么美丽的照片啊!五、简单句（
10、五种基本句型+there be 结构）句型一：主语+谓语（vi.）Hearing the news,the pupils jumped and cheered with joy.听到这个消息，学生们高兴得欢呼雀跃。In order to keep fit,we should exercise regularly.为了身体健康，我们应该定期锻炼。五、简单句（五种基本句型+there be 结构）句型二：主语+系动词+表语常见系动词有：be动词（am,is,are,was,were）；感觉（feel,look,smell,taste,sound）；仍然（remain,continue,stay,k
11、eep）；变成（become,come,go,get,grow,turn）；似乎（seem,appear）；证明是（prove）。The car at the gate is mine.门口那辆小车是我的。Most importantly,I have become more confident.更重要的是，我变得更加自信了。五、简单句（五种基本句型+there be 结构）句型三：主语+谓语（vt.）+宾语While visiting the art exhibition,we discussed the great artists works.参观艺术展览时，我们讨论了伟大艺术家的作品。B
12、efore arriving in Canada,we had made careful preparations for the camp.来加拿大之前，我们对这次训练营做了充分准备。五、简单句（五种基本句型+there be 结构）句型四：主语+谓语（vt.）+间接宾语（人）+直接宾语（物）常见接双宾语的动词有：answer,bring,buy,choose,do,find,get,give,hand,keep,leave,lend,make,offer,owe,pass,pay,play,promise,read,save,sell,send,show,sing,take等。一般间接宾语
13、位于直接宾语的前面，有时它们也可交换位置，这是需要在间接宾语的前面加上介词to 或for。Please show me your picture.=Please show your picture to me.请给我看看你的照片。My father bought me a new bicycle as a birthday present.=My father bought a new bicycle for me as a birthday present.父亲给我买了辆新自行车作为生日礼物。五、简单句（五种基本句型+there be 结构）句型五：主语+谓语（vt.）+宾语+宾语补足语常见
14、的谓语动词有：（1）感官动词：see,notice,observe,watch,hear,listen to,feel,find(发现),smell（2）使役动词：用于have sb do sth结构的动词还有let，make用于get sb(not)to do sth结构的动词还有advise/allow/ask/beg/cause/command/drive/enable/expect/encourage/forbid/force/inform/instruct/invite/order/permit/persuade/recommend/remind/request/require/te
15、ach/urge/want/warn/wish五、简单句（五种基本句型+there be 结构）句型五：主语+谓语（vt.）+宾语+宾语补足语（3）表示心里状态的动词：consider,think,believe,discover,find,imagine（4）表示情感状态的动词：love,like,prefer,hate,want,wish,expect（5）“使/让保持某种状态”的动词：keep,leaveI find many courses in your program interesting.我发现你们课程中的许多课程很有趣。These activities will make t
16、hem happy.这些活动会使他们很开心。五、简单句（五种基本句型+there be 结构）句型六：there be 结构 There be 结构中的be可用含有“存在”意义的其它动词代替，如lie,stand,live,come,exist,flow,rise,appear,enter,seem,be likely to be（可能有）,used to be（过去有）,remain（还有）等。还要注意there be 结构用在不同时态中的形式。There are more than 300 shops along this 800-metre street.这条800米长的街道上有300多
17、家商店。There stands a temple on the top of Mount Mingfeng.鸣凤山上耸立着一座寺庙。There seemed to be more difficulties than we had expected.困难似乎比我们预料的多。There have been great changes in China in the past several decades.（现在完成时）在过去的几十年里，中国发生了巨大的变化。六、并列句两个简单句之间加上一个并列连词，如and,but等。My uncle is tall and he is wearing gla
18、sses.我叔叔个子高，戴着眼镜。Im a Chinese student,and I plan to go to Britain to attend a summer school during this vacation.我是一位中国学生，计划今年假期去英国上暑假学校。翻译下列句子。人有五种感觉：视觉、听觉、嗅觉、味觉和触觉。People have five senses:sight,hearing,smell,taste and touch.她近来睡得不太好。She has not been sleeping well recently.翻译下列句子。1.时间过得真快啊！How time
19、 flies!2.这对我来说真是一次难忘的经历。This is really an unforgettable experience for me.翻译下列句子。3.在你方便的时候能带我参观本市足球俱乐部吗？Would you show me around the football club in your city if it is convenient for/to you?4.更重要的是，我比以前更加自信了。Most importantly,Ive become more confident than before.翻译下列句子。5.“英语词汇量很大，是吗？”是的。知道更多的单词和习惯用
20、语，你会发现阅读和交流更容易。”English has a large vocabulary,hasnt it?Yes.Know more words and expressions and youll find it easier to read and communicate.翻译下列句子。6.我订购的图书应该三天前收到，但是现在还没到。The books I ordered should have reached me three days ago,but they havent arrived up to now.7.那些日子，我们一起学习和玩耍，非常快乐。Those days,we studied and played together,having a lot of fun.翻译下列句子。8.所有这些词典都对我帮助很大。All these dictionaries are of great help to me.9.请您抽出几分钟时间检查书信中所附的草稿！Would you please spare a few minutes to check the draft attached to the letter?10.有中餐和西餐供你选择。There are Chinese food and western food for you to choose from.
