1、时 态感谢您下载平台上提供的PPT作品，为了您和以及原创作者的利益，请勿复制、传播、销售，否则将承担法律责任！将对作品进行维权，按照传播下载次数进行十倍的索取赔偿！三类动词三类动词一、实义动词：具有实际意义的动词一、实义动词：具有实际意义的动词Vi.不及物动词：不及物动词：I come.I go.I fail.I win.Vt.及物动词：及物动词：I take a book.I love him.He give me a book.I send him a letter.He made Mary angry.He found Tony crying.主谓宾主谓宾主谓双宾主谓双宾主谓宾宾补主谓宾
2、宾补感谢您下载平台上提供的PPT作品，为了您和以及原创作者的利益，请勿复制、传播、销售，否则将承担法律责任！将对作品进行维权，按照传播下载次数进行十倍的索取赔偿！二、系动词二、系动词be 类：类：am,is,are,was,were(是是.)感官动词感官动词：sound,taste,feel,look,表变化：表变化：become,go,turn,get证明是：证明是：prove,turn out表持续：表持续：stay,remain,keepIt tastes sweet.It sounds good.She looks tired.She is an actress.The news fi
3、nally proved(to be)true.The leaves turn yellow when the autumn is coming.He got angry when he heard the news.感谢您下载平台上提供的PPT作品，为了您和以及原创作者的利益，请勿复制、传播、销售，否则将承担法律责任！将对作品进行维权，按照传播下载次数进行十倍的索取赔偿！三、助动词：帮助动词变形，变态三、助动词：帮助动词变形，变态be 类：类：am,is,are,was,weredo类：类：do,does,didhave 类：类：have,has,had will类：类：will,would
4、情态动词：情态动词：can,could,must,should.+doing/done/to do+动词原形动词原形+done +动词原形动词原形+动词原形动词原形动动词词谓语谓语动词动词时态时态、语态、人称数、语态、人称数虚拟语气虚拟语气非谓语非谓语动词动词逻辑主语逻辑主语主被动关系主被动关系时间顺序时间顺序实义动词的考点实义动词的考点 状态状态时间时间一般态一般态(simple)进行态进行态(continuous)完成态完成态(perfect)完成进行态完成进行态(perfect continuous)现在现在(present)一般现在时一般现在时be:am/is/are;V:V/V-s
5、现在进行时现在进行时V:am/is/are V-ing现在完成时现在完成时V:have/has V-ed现在完成进行时现在完成进行时V:have/has been V-ing过去过去(past)一般过去时一般过去时be:was/wereV:V-ed过去进行时过去进行时V:was/were V-ing过去完成时过去完成时V:had V-ed过去完成进行时过去完成进行时V:had been V-ing将来将来(future)一般将来时一般将来时be:will be;V:will V将来进行时将来进行时V:will be V-ing将来完成时将来完成时V:will have V-ed将来完成进行时将
6、来完成进行时过去将来过去将来(past future)(一般一般)过去将来时过去将来时be:would beV:would V过去将来进行时过去将来进行时过去将来完成时过去将来完成时过去将来完成进行过去将来完成进行时时感谢您下载平台上提供的PPT作品，为了您和以及原创作者的利益，请勿复制、传播、销售，否则将承担法律责任！将对作品进行维权，按照传播下载次数进行十倍的索取赔偿！时态体现在句子的谓语动词时态体现在句子的谓语动词语态：主动语态、被动语态语态：主动语态、被动语态主动语态主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。表示主语是动作的执行者。They built a bridge over the riv
7、er.被动语态被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。表示主语是动作的承受者。A bridge was built over the river(by them).语态语态时态时态主动主动被动被动一般现在时一般现在时V/V-sam/is/are+V-ed一般过去时一般过去时V-edwas/were+V-ed一般将来时一般将来时will+Vwill be+V-ed过去将来时过去将来时would+Vwould be+V-ed现在进行时现在进行时am/is/are+V-ingam/is/are+being+V-ed过去进行时过去进行时was/were+V-ingwas/were+being+V-ed将来进行
8、时将来进行时will be V-ingwill be being V-ed现在完成时现在完成时have/has+V-edhave/has been+V-ed过去完成时过去完成时had+V-edhad been+V-ed现在完成进行时现在完成进行时have been V-inghave been being V-ed一般现在时经常性或习惯性的动作 I leave home for school at 7 every morning.现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性 The vase is round with triangle handles.客观真理，客观存在，科学事实，格言或警句 The e
9、arth moves around the sun.Pride goes before a fall.确定按计划或按照时间要发生的事情，用一般现在时可以表达将来 The train for Haikou leaves at 8:00 in the morning.在时间、条件、让步状从中用一般现在时代替一般将来时 Please ring me up as soon as you arrive in Germany.(时间状语)If it doesnt rain,we will go on a picnic.(条件状语从句)形式：V/V-s;am/is/are1.I _ ping-pong qu
10、ite well,but I havent had time to play since the new year.A.will play B.have playedC.played D.play2.In some parts of the world,such as in England,tea _ with milk and sugar.A.is serving B.serves C.is served D.served3.Put these glasses away before they _.OK.Ill put them in the cupboard.A.have broken B
11、.are breaking C.get broken D.will be broken4.If the whether _(be)fine tomorrow,we will go to the countryside.5.She said that the sea water _(be)salty.练习1isis一般过去时 When I was a child,I often played football in the street.表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作 Where did you go just now?Mary married a merry man.在确定的过去时
12、间里所发生的动作或存在的状态 I thought you might have some money which I could borrow.wish,wonder,think,hope,mean等用过去时，作试探性的询问、请求、建议等，一般过去时表示的动作或状态都已成为过去，现已不复存在 It is time that you went to bed.=It is time that you should go to bed.特殊用法（虚拟语气）：It is(high)time that sb.did sth.注意：在一般过去时的句子中，通常都要有表示过去的时间状语 I visited t
13、he Palace Museum last year.形式：V-ed;was/were1.Look!Someone has spilt coffee on the carpet.Well,it _ me.A.isntB.wasnt C.hasnt beenD.hadnt been2.Ive bought a box of chocolates for our daughter.Oh,how good a dad!But she doesnt like sweet things._ that?A.Dont you know B.Havent you known C.Didnt you know
14、D.Hadnt you known3.All morning as she waited for the medical report from the doctor,her nervousness_.A.has grown B.is growing C.grew D.had grown4.Im sorry,I shouldnt have been so rude to you.You _ your temper but thats OK.A.have lost B.had lost C.did lose D.were losing5.We _(go)to the cinema last ni
15、ght.The film _(be)very good.练习2wentwas一般将来时形式：will/shall+V表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态 I shall be free after junior high school.表示同意或答应做某事 That bag looks heavy.Ill help you with it.表示一种倾向或推测 Flowers will die without water.一般过去将来时形式：would/should+V将来时的其他表达be going to do a.表示决定或打算要做某事：Im going to buy a new coat thi
16、s winter.b.表示有迹象即将要发生什么事：Look at those black clouds.It is going to rain.be to do a.表示按计划或正式安排将要发生的动作：The highway is to be open to traffic in May.b.表示命令或吩咐等，否定形式常表示“禁止”或“不许”：You are to be back before 10 p.m.,young lady.be about to do 意为马上做某事（be about to do 不能与tomorrow,next week 等表示明确将来的时间状语连用，但可以和whe
17、n连用）He is about to leave for Beijing.否定形式表示很不愿意做，无意做：Im not about to give up when I am so close to success.be doing 表示根据现在的计划或安排，预期将会发生某事，不容随意改变（此时动词通常是arrive/come/go/leave/move/start/stay/get/fly/return/set off以及eat/meet/die等词）Im leaving you!1.The telephone is ringing.I _ answer it.A.willB.am going
18、 to C.am to D.am about to2.Alice,why didnt you come yesterday?I _,but I had an unexpected visitor.A.had B.would C.was going to D.did 3.What would you do if it _tomorrow?We have to carry it on,since weve got everything ready.A.rain B.rains C.will rain D.is raining4.Sorry,I forgot to post the letter f
19、or you.Never mind,_ post it myself tonight.A.Im going to B.I prefer to C.Ill D.Id rather5.The weather is so nice and I am going to sit in the garden.Thats a good idea.I _(join)you.6.Im not feeling well,and I _ _(go)to see a doctor.7.He said that he _ _(fly)to NY the next week.8.They were sure that t
20、hey _ _(succeed).练习3will joinwill go/am going towould flywould succeed现在进行时 形式：am/is/are V-ing基本用法表示说话的此刻正在进行的动作 She is making a fire now.表示现在时间段中正在进行的动作 They are planting trees on the hill these days.表示按计划或安排将要发生的动作 Jane and Betty are going on holiday in a few days.特殊用法表示“厌恶”、“赞叹”等感情色彩，往往与constantl
21、y/always/forever等状语连用 The teacher is forever thinking of doing more for the students.表示某一具体动作或心理状态的发展过程 The weather is changing for the better.1.I dont really work here.I _ _(help)until the new secretary comes.2.Selecting a mobile phone for personal use is no easy task because technology _ so rapidl
22、y.A.will have changed B.has changed C.is changing D.will change3.Ann works very hard.In fact.I think she _ just now.A.studied B.is studying C.studies D.will study 4.Please call again.Jim _ a bath now.A.has had B.was having C.is having D.has 5.My money _.I must go to the bank to draw some money out b
23、efore I have none in hand.A.has run out B.is running out C.has been run out D.is being run out 练习4am helping6.I can guess you were in a hurry.You _ your sweater inside out.A.had worn B.wore C.are wearing D.were wearing7.You _ things about.Look,what a mess in you room!A.always throw B.have always thr
24、own C.are always throwing D.have always been thrown8.You _ television.Why not do something more active?A.always watch B.are always watchingC.have always watched D.have always been watching过去进行时形式：was/were+V-ing表示在过去某一时刻正在发生的动作或该动作与过去的另一动作同时发生 She was playing the piano while I was reading the newspap
25、er.表示过去一段时间内正在进行的动作 We were talking about you the whole morning.表示按计划、安排过去将要发生的事 He told me that he was going soon.与always,constantly,forever等词连用，表示感情色彩 The girl was always changing her mind.1.He _ _ tennis at five yesterday afternoon.(play)2.The students _ _ when the teacher stepped in.(sing)3.We _
26、 _ about your book this morning.The book is excellent.(talk)4.Hey,look where you are going?Oh,Im terribly sorry._.A.Im not noticing B.I dont notice C.I havent noticing D.I wasnt noticing5.The truth,sir,is that the old man _ across the road when my car hit him.A.was to walk B.had been walking C.walke
27、d D.was walking练习5were playingwere singingwere talking将来进行时形式：shall/will be+V-ing 表示在将来某一时间正在进行的动作 Ill be taking my holiday soon.表示稍后一点儿的安排 My duties will end in July and I will be returning to Shanghai.现在完成时形式：have/has+V-ed 现在完成时的“已完成”用法，表示动作或过程发生在说话之前就已完成，并与现在有联系The temperature has increased by 10
28、.(And now its hot.)注意:现在完成时的上下文所指的时态必须呼应I bought a pen but I have lost it now.表示结果的现在完成时（影响）现在完成时的“未完成”用法，表示一个动作或状态从过去某时开始，持续到现在I have lived here for more than thirty years.注意：“未完成”用法一般不适用于表示短暂动作或位移的动词，如：open,break,go,come,arrive,leave等。如用这类动词表示“未完成”，通常只限于否定结构I havent seen a film for weeks.表示延续的现在完成
29、时（持续）强调过去某一时刻到说话时这段时间中的经历及次数Have you ever been to the Great Wall?表示经历的现在完成时（经历）1.When did he go to America?Oh,he _ there since half a year ago.A.went B.has been C.has gone D.was2.Shelly _ California for Texas in 1996 and _ there ever since.A.left,worked B.has left,had worked C.left,has worked D.has
30、left,worked3.Collecting stamps _ increasingly popular during the past fifty years.A.becomes B.became C.has become D.had become4.Robert _ me his address the other day,but Im afraid I _ it.A.had given,lost B.has given,have lost C.gave,have lost D.gives,lost 5.This is the first time in Thomas life that
31、 he _ _(pass)the exam.练习6has passed6.How are you today?Oh,I _ as ill as I do now for a very long time.A.didnt feel B.wasnt feeling C.dont feel D.havent felt7.I _ half of the English novel,and Ill try to finish it at the weekend.A.readB.have readC.am readingD.will read8.In the last few years,China _
32、great achievements in environmental protection.A.has made B.had madeC.was makingD.is making9.Despite the previous rounds of talks,no agreement _ so far by the two sides.A.has been reachedB.was reached C.will reachD.will have reached过去完成时形式：had+V-ed 表示某一动作或状态在过去某一时间之前或过去某一动作之前已经完成（时间状语一般由by,before,un
33、til,when,than等词引导）By 5:00 yesterday morning we had done that work.“已完成”用法 表示一个动作或状态在过去某一时刻之前就已开始，一直持续到这一过去时间，还可能再持续下去（时间状语一般为up to that time/up to then）Up to that time all had gone well.“未完成”用法 过去完成时常用在rarely/hardly/scarcely/barely.when.did；no sooner.than.did中Hardly had he begun to speak when the au
34、dience interrupted him.“刚刚就”过去完成时与一般过去时一般过去时表示过去时间的动作或状态；过去完成时表示“比过去更过去”如果两个过去的动作没有明显的时间前后，两者都使用一般过去时顺着时间顺序描述过去连续发生的一系列事情，一般使用过去时历史事实即便是联系现在通常也只用一般过去时表示感谢您下载平台上提供的PPT作品，为了您和以及原创作者的利益，请勿复制、传播、销售，否则将承担法律责任！将对作品进行维权，按照传播下载次数进行十倍的索取赔偿！1.When walking down the street,I came across David,who I _for years.A
35、.didnt seeB.havent seenC.hadnt seenD.wouldnt see2.Silk _ one of the primary goods traded along the Silk Road by about 100 BC.A.had become B.was becomingC.has become D.is becoming3.In the 1950s in the USA,most families had just one phone at home,and wireless phones _ yet.A.havent invented B.havent be
36、en invented C.hadnt invented D.hadnt been invented4.Hardly _ I _(get)home when it began to rain.5.It was at least three months since I _ _(leave)Beijing.练习7had gothad left6.By the time he was ten,Tom _ _(build)a chemistry lab himself.7.John gave up smoking for a while,but soon _ to his old ways.A.re
37、turned B.returnsC.was returning D.had returned 8.I _ to take a good holiday,but I wasnt able to get away.A.hope B.have hoped C.had hoped D.hoped 9.Helen _ her key in the office so she had to wait until her husband _ home.A.has left;comes B.left;had come C.had left;came D.had left;would come 10.He _
38、football regularly for many years when he was young.A.was playing B.played C.has played D.had playedhad left现在完成进行时形式：have/has been+V-ing表示动作从过去某时开始，一直延续到现在，并有可能持续下去 I have been reading Hemingways Farewell to Arms recently.(常和all this time,this week,this month,all night,all the morning,recently,sinc
39、e,for等状语连用)表示一个近期内时断时续、重复发生的动作 Youve been saying that for five years.表达较重的感情色彩 What have you been doing to my dictionary？现在完成进行时和现在完成时现在完成进行时可以表示动作的重复，而现在完成时一般不表示重复性Have you been meeting him recently?Have you met him recently?现在完成进行时有时含有感情色彩，而现在完成时一般是平铺直叙I have been waiting for you for two hours I h
40、ave waited for you for two hours.现在完成进行时强调动作，而现在完成时强调结果、状态Who has been eating the oranges?Who has eaten the oranges?否定句中一般用现在完成时，而不是完成进行时I have received no assistance from my friend.过去完成进行时形式：had been+V-ing 过去完成进行时表示动作在过去某一时间之前开始，一直延续到这一过去时间，并有可能持续下去I had been looking for it for days before I found
41、it.表示过去某一时间之前一直进行的动作 He had been mentioning your name to me.表示反复的动作 What had you been doing all those years?表达较重的感情色彩1.Isnt it hard to drive downtown to work?Yes,thats why I _ to work by subway.A.have been going B.have gone C.was going D.will have gone2.Where is Peter?I cant find him anywhere.He wen
42、t to the library after breakfast and _ his essay there ever since.A.wroteB.had writtenC.has been writingD.is writing3.Mario _ really hard on his book and thinks hell have finished it by Friday.A.worked B.has been working C.had worked D.has worked4.The manager _(tell)the workers how to improve the pr
43、ogram since 9 a.m.5.To find the missing child,villagers _ _(do)all they can over the past five hours.练习8has been tellinghave been doing6.Where had you been?We _ _(look)for you everywhere.7.My friend,who _ _(teach)Chinese in this primary school all his life,is retiring next month.8.Did you enjoy your
44、self in watching the film Frozen II last night?You bet!I _ it for 6 years.A.was to anticipateB.have been anticipatingC.was anticipatingD.had been anticipating9.The ambulance was just arriving,for a worker,who _ the window on the second floor,fell off the window.A.had been repairingB.was repairingC.h
45、as been repairingD.would be repairinghave been lookinghas been teaching1(2022新高考卷)Henry _(fix)his car when he heard the screams2(2022全国甲卷)In the last five years,Cao _(walk)through 34 countries in six continents,and in 2016,he reached the top of Kilimanjaro,Africas highest mountain3(2022北京卷)Gas natur
46、ally _(have)no recognisable smell4(2021新高考卷)You cant help wondering how hard it _(be)for the people then to put all those rocks into place5(2020浙江卷7月)And,as more children were born,more food _(need)has walkedhaswaswas neededwas fixing真题链接真题链接巩固练习1.Hundreds of jobs _(lose)if the factory closes.2.Ive
47、won a holiday for two days to Florida.I _(take)my mum.3.A new cinema _(build)here.They hope to finish it next month.4.Selecting a mobile phone is no easy task because technology _(change)so rapidly.5.I _(play)Pingpong quite well,but I havent had time to play since the new year.6.Visitors _(request)n
48、ot to touch the exhibits.7.John and I _(be)friends for eight years.We first got to know each other at a Christmas party.But we _(see)each other a couple of times before that.8.This is Teds photo.We miss him a lot.He _(kill)trying to save a child in the earthquake.9.How are the team playing?They are
49、playing well,but one of them _(get)hurt.10.You havent said a word about my new coat,Brenda.Do you like it?Im sorry,I _(not say)anything about it sooner.I certainly think its pretty on you.11.Over the past decades,sea ice (decrease)in the Arctic as a result of global warming.12.Is there anything wron
50、g,Bob?You look sad.Oh,nothing much.In fact,I _(just think)of my friends back home.13.By the time he realizes he _(walk)into a trap,itll be too late for him to do anything about it.14.Travelers (remind)that they should bring their ID cards with them.15.Alice,you look puzzled.Have you understood it?Ye
