1、高考英语语法考点讲解与练习一、并列连词【知识要点】1、表示关联的连词：and, both and, neitheror, not only but also, as well as, notbut等。2、表示选择的连词：or, eitheror, whether or, rather than, or else, otherwise等。3、表示转折的连词：but, while（而）, yet, however, still（但是，然而）, nevertheless（然而，不过），whereas（而）。4、表示因果的连词：for, so, therefore, thus then（那么），hen
2、ce（因此）等。【练习】单句语法填空1.They did their best, _ they were defeated again. 2.He apologized; _, I wont forgive him. 3.It is morning, _ the birds are singing. 4.Use your head _ youll find a way. 5.She is not only clever _ beautiful.6.Neither I _ he has seen the film. 7.Go _ buy a pencil for me. 8.He _ I are
3、 good friends. 9.It was late, _ we went home. 10.I am a student _ he is a teacher. 11.You can either stay at home _ go fishing. 12.Tom _ I am to be blame. 13.She is clever as well _ beautiful. 14.His car broke down, _ he was late for work. 15.Take this bus _ you wont get there in time. 16.The film i
4、s both interesting _ instructive. 17.He was busy, _, he could not come. 18.Hurry up _ youll be late. 19.She is very busy, _ she always finds time for housework. 20.Wang works hard, _ Li doesnt.二、定语从句关系代词【知识要点】1、引导定语从句的关系代词有：指人：who, whom 指物：which既指人又指物：that, whose 指代一句话：which, as2、关系代词在定语从句可以充当主语、宾语、
5、表语和定语作主语：who, which, that, as 作宾语：whom, who, which, that, as作定语：whose2、关系代词使用的几条规定：（1）先行词由既指人又指物的词充当时，关系代词只能用that。During our life, we experience many interesting people and stories that we will treasure for a whole life.（2）先行词由指物的复合不定代词充当时，关系代词只能用that。He found something that seemed strange.（3）先行词前有序
6、数词和最高级修饰时，关系代词只能用that。This is the first book that I have ever bought.This is the best film that I have ever seen.（4）先行词由一句话来充当时，关系代词用which。He is always ready to help others which makes him popular.（5）先行词指物的非限制性定语从句中，关系代词用which。This is the factory, which he mentioned yesterday.（6）先行词指物，且关系词前有介词时，关系代词
7、用which。This is the factory in which he once worked.（7）先行词由指人的复合不定代词充当时，关系代词用who(m)。Have you found someone who you can turn to?（8）先行词指人的非限制性定语从句中，关系代词用who(m)。This is the person, who(m) I mentioned yesterday.（9）先行词指人，且关系词前有介词时，关系代词用who(m)。Tom is the very person with whom I talked just now.（10）先行词前有the
8、 same, as, such, so修饰时，关系代词用as。This is the same book as you bought yesterday.3、关系代词的省略（1）限制性定语从句中，如果关系代词在从句中作宾语，那么这个关系代词可以省略。但是，如果有多个这样的定语从句并列时，只能省略第一个定语从句的关系代词。This is the man (whom/that) I mentioned yesterday and who/that always help us.（2）非限制性定语从句中的关系代词不能省略。【练习】单句语法填空。1.Her sister has become a la
9、wyer, _ she wanted to be.2.Jim passed the driving test, _ surprised everyone in the office.3.In an hour, we can travel to places _ would have taken our ancestors days to reach.4.The owner of the cinema needed to make a lot of improvements and employ more people to keep it running, _ meant spending t
10、ens of thousands of pounds.5.Chans restaurant on Baker Street, _ used to be poorly run, is now a successful business.6.By serving others, a person focuses on someone other than himself or herself, _ can be very eye-opening and rewarding.7.His movie won several awards at the film festival, _ was beyo
11、nd his wildest dream.8.The road conditions there turned out to be very good, _ was more than we could expect.9.The Science Museum, _ we visited during a recent trip to Britain, is one of Londons tourist attractions.10.Yesterday she sold her car, _ she bought a month ago.11.My friend showed me around
12、 the town, _ was very kind of him.12.Whenever I met her, _ was fairly often, she greeted me with a sweat smile.13.Theyve won their last three matches, _ I find a surprising actually.14.As a child, Jack studied in a village school, _ is named after his grandfather.15.After graduation from college, I
13、took some time off to go travelling, _ turned out to be a wise decision.16.Ted came for the weekend wearing only some shorts and a T- shirts, _ is a stupid thing to do in such weather.17.Julie was good at German, French and Russian, all of _ she spoke fluently.18.She has a gift for creating an atmos
14、phere for her students _ allows them to communicate freely with each other.19.Mary was much kinder to Jack than she was to the others, _, of course, made all the others upset.20.That evening, _ I will tell you more about later, I ended up working very late.21.When deeply absorbed in work, _ he often
15、 was, he would forget all about eating or sleeping.22.It is the third time that she has won the race, _ has surprised us all.23.Many children, _ parents are away working in big cities, are taken good care of in the village. 24.Mo Yan was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 2012, _ made one of
16、the Chinese peoples long-held dreams come true.25.The president of the World Bank says he has a passion for China, _ he remembers starting as early as his childhood.26.Women _ drink more than two cups of coffee a day have a greater chance of having heart disease than those _ dont.27.Among the many d
17、angers _ sailors have to face, probably the greatest of all is fog.28.A person _ email account is full wont be able to send or receive any email.29.Well reach the sales targets in a month _ we set at the beginning of the year.30.English is a language shared by several diverse cultures, each of _ use
18、s it differently.31.A lot of language learning, _ has been discovered, is happening in the first year of life, so parents should talk much to their children during that period.32.China Today attracts a worldwide readership, _ shows that more and more people all over the world want to learn about Chi
19、na.33.There is no simple answer, _ is often the case in science.34.Some experts think reading is the fundamental skill upon _ school education depends.35.We shouldnt spend our money testing so many people, most of _ are healthy.36.She brought with her three friends, none of _ I had ever met before.3
20、7.Ive become good friends with several of the students in my school _ I met in the English speech contest last year.38.It is a truly delightful place, _ looks the same as it must have done 100 years ago with its winding streets and pretty cottages.39.The settlement is home to nearly 1,000 people, ma
21、ny of _ left their village homes for a better life in the city.40.After the flooding, people were suffering in that area, _ urgently needed clean water, medicine and shelter to survive.41.Ellen was a painter of birds and of nature, _, for some reason, had withdrawn from all human society.42.Happines
22、s and success often come to those _ are good at recognizing their own strength.43.Finally he reached a lonely island _ was completely cut off from the outside world.44.We have launched another man-made satellite, _ is announced in todays newspaper.45.Last month, part of Southeast Asia was struck by
23、floods, from _ effects the people are still suffering.46.He wrote many childrens books, nearly half of _ were published in the 1990s.47.Look out! Dont get too close to the house _ roof is under repair.48.I was born in New Orleans, Louisiana, a city _ name will create a picture of beautiful trees and
24、 green grass in our mind.49.The air quality in the city, _ is shown in the report, has improved over the past two months.50.In China, the number of cities is increasing _ development is recognized across the world. 51.I wish to thank Professor Smith, without _ help I would never have got this far.52
25、.The book tells stories of the earthquake through the eyes of those _ lives were affected.53._ I explained on the phone, your request will be considered at the next meeting.54.The exact year _ Angela and her family spent together in China was 2008.55.The Beatles, _ many of you are old enough to reme
26、mber, came from Liverpool.56._ I explained on the phone, your request will be considered at the next meeting.57._ is often the case with children, Amy was better by the time the doctor arrived.58.I refuse to accept the blame of something _ was someone elses fault.59.Until now, we have raised 50,000
27、pounds for the poor children, _ is quite unexpected.60.The old town has narrow streets and small houses _ are built close to each other.三、定语从句的关系副词【知识要点】1、定语从句的关系副词有三个：when, where, why2、关系副词的用法及功能when：在从句中作时间状语，定语从句的先行词为指时间的名词或代词。We will not forget the days when we lived in that small village.where：
28、在从句中作地点状语，定语从句的先行词为指地点的名词或代词。This is the small village where we lived for several months.why：在从句中作原因状语，定语从句的先行词为指原因的名词或代词。This is the reason why he was late yesterday.2、在定语从句中，关系副词可以替换为“介词+which”。Cathy once studied in that university where/in which she met her best friend.He was born in 2008, when/i
29、n which the Olympic Games were held in Beijing.We dont believe the reason why/for which he was absent yesterday.【练习】单句语法填空。1.A bank is a place _ they lend you an umbrella in fair weather and ask for it back when it begins to rain. 2.When I arrived, Bryan took me to see the house _ I would be staying
30、.3.Nowadays people are more concerned about the environment _ they live.4.Occasions are quite rare _ I have the time to spend a day with my kids.5.If a shop has chairs _ women can park their men, women will spend more time in the shop.6.Some preschool children go to a day care center, _ they learn s
31、imple games and songs.7.Ill give you My friends home address, _ I can be reached most evenings.8.They will fly to Washington, _ they plan to stay for two or three days.9.All the neighbor admire this family, _ the parents are treating their child like a friend.10.Stephen Hanking believes that the ear
32、th is unlikely to be the only planet _ life has developed gradually. 11.Whatever is left over may be put into the refrigerator, _ it will keep for two or three weeks.12.Because of the financial crisis, days are gone _ local 5-star hotels charged 6,000 yuan for one night. 13.Franks dream was to have
33、his own shop _ which to produce the workings of his own hands.14.The schools themselves admit that not all children will be successful in the jobs _ which they are being trained.15.Many people who had seen the film were afraid to go to the forest when they remembered the scenes _ which people were e
34、aten by the tiger.16.I saw a woman running towards me in the dark.Before I could recognize who she was, she had run back in the direction _ which she had come.17.The village has developed a lot _ we learned farming two years ago.18.I walked in our garden, _ Tom and Jim were tying a big sign onto one
35、 of the trees.19.Human facial expressions differ from those of animals in the degree _ which they can be controlled on purpose.20.The days are gone _ physical strength was what you needed to make a living.21.I walked up to the top of the hill with my friends, _ we enjoyed a splendid view of the lake
36、.22.He wrote a letter _ he explained what had happened in the accident.23.The museum will open in the spring with an exhibition and a viewing platform _ visitors can watch the big glasshouses being built.24.Opposite is St.Pauls Church, _ you can hear some lovely music.25.The boss of the company is t
37、rying to create an easy atmosphere _ his employees enjoy their work.26.Those successful deaf dancers think that dancing is an activity _ sight matters more than hearing. 27.Were just trying to reach a point _ both sides will sit down together and talk.28.After graduation she reached a point in her c
38、areer _ she needed to decide what to do.29.I have reached a point in my life _ I am supposed to make decisions of my own.30.Life is a long race _ we compete with others to go beyond ourselves.31.Its helpful to put children in a situation _ they can see themselves differently.32.Sales director is a p
39、osition _ communication ability is just as important as sales skills.33.Care of the soul is a gradual process _ which even the small details of life should be considered.34.Students should involve themselves in community activities _ they can gain experience for growth.35.The book has helped me grea
40、tly in my daily communication, especially at work _ a good impression is a must.36.The book was written in 1946, _ when the education system has witnessed great changes.37.It was April 29, 2011 _ Prince William and Kate Middleton walked into the palace hall of the wedding ceremony.38.He may win the
41、competition, _ which case he is likely to get into the national team.39.Creating an atmosphere _ which employees feel part of a team is a big challenge.40.By nine oclock, all the Olympic torch bearers had reached the top of Mount Qomolangma, _ which appeared rare rainbow soon.41.For many cities in t
42、he world, there is no room to spread out further, _ which New York is an example.42.The girl arranged to have piano lessons at the training centre with her sister _ she would stay for an hour. 43.Between the two parts of the concerts is an interval, _ the audience can buy ice-cream.44.We live in an
43、age _ more information is available with greater ease than ever before.45.By 16:30, _ was almost closing time, nearly all the paintings had been sold.46.I am looking forward to the day _ my daughter can read this book and know my feelings for her.47.Many countries are now setting up national parks _
44、 animals and plant can be protected.48.Today, well discuss a number of cases _ beginners of English fail to use the language properly.49.Later in this chapter cases will be introduced to readers _ consumer complaints have resulted in changes in the law.50.Shell never forget her stay there _ she foun
45、d her son who had gone missing two years before.51.I didnt become a serious climber until the fifth grade, _ I went up to rescue a kite that was stuck in the branches of a tree.52.As the smallest child of his family, Alex is always longing for the time _ he should be able to be independent.53.The ma
46、n pulled out a gold watch, the hands _ which were made of small diamonds.54.Gun control is a subject _ which Americans have argued for a long time.55.She showed the visitors around the museum, the construction _ which had taken more than three years.56.Mark was a student at this university from 1999 to 2003, _ which time he studied very hard and was made Chairman
