1、 中考英语 （湖南专用） 专题七 动词和动词短语 A组 20162020年湖南中考题组 考点一 动词 (2016郴州,22)The oranges sweet. Of course. They are from Yongxing, Chenzhou. A.taste B.eat C.drink 答案答案 A 句意:这些橙子尝起来很甜。当然。它们产自郴州永兴。本题考查动词辨析。设空处 后是形容词,因此选择系动词taste。 考点二 动词短语 1.(2020岳阳,26)The school the sports meeting because of the bad weather. A.put o
2、ff B.put up C.put on 答案答案 A 句意:因为坏天气学校推迟了运动会。本题考查动词短语。put off推迟;put up张贴;put on穿 上。根据句意可知答案为A。 2.(2020株洲,30)Please the computer, Lily. Its time for you to go to bed. A.turn off B.turn up C.turn on 答案答案 A 句意: 请把电脑关掉,莉莉。到你睡觉的时间了。本题考查动词短语。turn off 关闭;turn up 调 大(声音);turn on 打开。根据句意可知答案为A。 3.(2019益阳,25)
3、Kate, the TV,please.Its time to go to bed. OK,Mom. A.turn on B.turn off C.turn up 答案答案 B 句意:凯特,请把电视机关了。是时候该睡觉了。好的,妈妈。本题考查动词短语。 turn on打开;turn off关闭;turn up调大声音。根据句意可知答案为B。 4.(2019岳阳, 26)The volunteers the sick kids in the hospital on weekends. A.look after B.look for C.look through 答案答案 A 句意:志愿者们在周末
4、去医院照顾生病的孩子们。本题考查动词短语。look after 照顾;look for 寻找;look through浏览。根据句意可知答案为A。 5.(2019湘西土家族苗族自治州,27)Tony,its cold outside. your coat when you go out. All right,Mom. A.Put up B.Put off C.Put on 答案答案 C 句意:托尼, 外面冷。当你外出的时候穿上你的外套。好的,妈妈。 本题考查动词短语 的用法。put up张贴;put off推迟;put on穿上。根据句意可知答案为C。 6.(2018郴州,26)Sally,
5、its already 10: 00 pm. Its time for you to go to bed. OK, Dad. Ill turn the TV right now. A.on B.down C.off 答案答案 C 句意:Sally,已经晚上十点钟了,你是时候上床睡觉了。好的,爸爸。我马上把电视关 了。本题考查动词短语。turn on打开,turn down把声音调小, turn off关闭。根据句意可知答案为C。 知识拓展知识拓展 It is time for sb. to do sth. 对某人来说该做某事了。 7.(2018岳阳,27)My grandmother is g
6、oing to a hobby like shopping on the Internet. A.take up B.look up C.get up 答案答案 A 句意:我的外婆正准备培养一个兴趣爱好,比如网购。本题考查动词短语。take up开始从事, look up查阅,get up起床。根据句意可知答案为A。 8.(2018株洲,30)The boss was late for the meeting because his alarm clock didnt . A.go off B.go out C.go on 答案答案 A 句意:老板开会迟到了,因为他的闹钟没有响。本题考查动词短
7、语辨析。go off 发出声响,go out 出去,go on继续。根据句意可知答案为A。 9.(2017益阳,28)The school sports meeting will be because of the heavy rain. A.put up B.put on C.put off 答案答案 C 句意:学校运动会将因为大雨而被推迟。本题考查动词短语辨析。put up张贴; put on穿上; put off推迟。 故选C。 10.(2016株洲,30)My best friend helps to the best in me, as the saying goes. A.brin
8、g out B.bring in C.bring up 答案答案 A 句意:正如那句谚语所说的,我最好的朋友帮我展现出我最好的一面。本题考查动词短语辨 析。bring out 使显现;bring in引进;bring up 抚养。 bring out the best in sb. 使某人显露其最美好的一面。 根据句意和固定短语可知答案为A。 B组 20162020年全国中考题组 考点一 动词 1.(2020福建,29)On video, Doctor Zhong Nanshan teenagers to study hard in the first lesson of this term.
9、 A.allowed B.trained C.encouraged 答案答案 C 句意:在视频里,钟南山医生在这学期的第一堂课里鼓励青少年们要努力学习。本题考查动 词。allow允许;train训练;encourage鼓励。由句意可知本题选C。 2.(2020湖北武汉,34)What makes you were going to sell the house? I hear that youve got a job abroad. A.doubt B.wonder C.promise D.suppose 答案答案 D 句意:什么使你认为我们要卖掉房子?我听说你已经在国外得到了一份工作。本题考
10、 查动词词义辨析。suppose意为“认为,推断”,结合句意可知本题选择D。doubt怀疑;wonder想知道; promise承诺,许诺。 3.(2020江苏南京,2)Chinas efforts to stop the spread of COVID-19 will the worlds ability to limit the harm in the near future. A.imagine B.invent C.insist D.improve 答案答案 D 句意:中国遏制新冠肺炎传播的努力,将在不久的将来提高世界限制其危害的能力。本题考查 动词词义辨析。imagine想象;inv
11、ent发明;insist坚持;improve改善,提高。故选D项。 4.(2019安徽,37)Hello, Beijing Hotel. Can I help you? Yes, Id like to a single room for two nights. A.enter B.move C.book D.provide 答案答案 C 句意:您好,这里是北京旅馆。我能为您效劳吗?是的,我想预订一个单人间,住两晚。 本题考查动词词义辨析。A选项意思为“进入”;B选项意思为“移动”;C选项意思为“预订”;D选项意 思为“提供”。故选C。 知识拓展知识拓展 book作为名词,意思是“书”;作为动词
12、,意思是“预订”。 5.(2019江西,29)Youll have to the books because there arent enough for everyone. A.pack B.sell C.choose D.share 答案答案 D 句意:你们将不得不共享这些书,因为这些书不够每个人用。本题考查动词词义辨析。pack 打 包;sell 出售;choose选择;share分享,共享。故选择D。 6.(2018新疆,30)Wow, your sweater is very beautiful!How much is it? Thank you. It me 30 dollars.
13、 A.spend B.paid C.cost D.take 答案答案 C 句意:哇,你的毛衣非常漂亮!多少钱?谢谢。它花了我30美元。本题考查动词辨析。 “sth. costs(sb.)+金钱”意为“某物花了(某人)多少钱”。 知识拓展知识拓展 spend, pay, cost, take表“花费”时的区别: sb.+spends time/money on sth.;sth. costs(sb.)+money;sb. pays+money+for sth.;It takes sb. some time to do sth.。 7.(2018湖北武汉,34)Who the computer?
14、Sorry, Ive no idea. But it has changed the world greatly. A.invented B.discovered C.made D.played 答案答案 A 句意:谁发明了电脑?对不起,我不知道。但是它已经大大地改变了世界。本题考查动 词词义辨析。A选项意为“发明”;B选项意为“发现”;C选项意为“制造”;D选项意为“玩;播放”。根 据句意可知本题选择A。 8.(2018山东青岛,9)I cant find my mobile phone. Dont worry. Maybe you it at home. A.forgot B.missed
15、 C.lost D.left 答案答案 D 句意:我找不到我的手机了。不要担心。或许你把它落在家里了。本题考查动词词义 辨析。forget忘记;miss 想念;lose丢失;leave忘了带。根据题意可知选D。 9.(2017江西,33)Would you like to see a movie with me on Saturday night? Sorry, I didnt it. Could you please say it again? A.receive B.catch C.find D.finish 答案答案 B 句意:星期六晚上,你愿意和我一起看场电影吗?对不起,我没听清。可以
16、请你再说一遍 吗?本题考查动词辨析。receive收到;catch听清楚;find找到;finish完成。 10.(2019山东济宁,四,5)It is very relaxing for me to (躺)on a soft sofa after a long time study. 答案答案 lie 句意:学习了很长时间以后,躺在柔软的沙发上对我来说是很放松的。本题考查动词。“Its+ 形容词+for sb. to do sth.”结构表示“做某事对某人来说是怎样的”,to为不定式符号,后面接动词原形,故 填lie。 11.(2019山东烟台,68)Why do more and more
17、 kids (更喜欢)to spend time on screens? 答案答案 prefer 句意:为什么越来越多的孩子更喜欢把时间花在屏幕上面?本题考查动词。更喜欢:prefer, 在一般现在时的疑问句里面,谓语动词用原形。故填prefer。 考点二 动词短语 1.(2020贵州贵阳,41)Drugs are harmful to peoples physical and mental health. We teenagers must them. A.take care of B.keep away from C.get used to 答案答案 B 句意:毒品对人们的身体和精神健康有
18、害。我们青少年必须要远离它们。本题考查动词短语。 take care of照顾;keep away from远离;get used to习惯于。根据第一句可知,毒品有害于人们的身体和精神 健康,所以青少年应该远离毒品。故选B。 2.(2020海南,34)Joey and Marina have lived a happy life since they . A.got hurt B.got lost C.got married 答案答案 C 句意:Joey和Marina结婚后一直过着幸福的生活。本题考查动词短语。get hurt受伤;get lost 迷 路;get married结婚。根据h
19、ave lived a happy life可知,他们过得很幸福,所以不可能是“受伤”或“迷路”, 而应该是“结婚”。故选C。 3.(2020湖北武汉,39)You have plenty of homework,dont you? Yeah,it the little time I have outside of school. A.makes up B.takes up C.turns down D.breaks down 答案答案 B 句意:你有许多家庭作业,不是吗?是的,它占据了我所拥有的那点校外时间。本题考查 动词短语。make up和好,编造;take up占据,开始从事;turn
20、 down关小;break down出故障。结合句意可知本 题选择B。 4.(2019天津,32)If you want to join the Music Club, the form, please. A.go out B.fill out C.get up D.warm up 答案答案 B 句意:如果你想参加音乐俱乐部,请填写这个表格。本题考查动词短语辨析。go out 出去;fill out 填写;get up 起床;warm up 热身。根据句意可知答案为B。 5.(2019河南,30)I asked my father to me at the school gate at 6:3
21、0 so that we could visit Grandma together. A.pick;up B.turn;down C.let;down D.cheer;up 答案答案 A 句意:我让我的父亲六点半在学校门口接我,以便我们可以一起去拜访祖母。本题考查动词词 组的词义辨析。pick up(开车)接人; turn down拒绝;let sb. down令某人失望;cheer sb. up使某人振奋。根据 语境和关键词visit 及together可知应该选A。 6.(2018吉林,31)Its a good idea to new words in the dictionary. A
22、.cut up B.look up C.put up 答案答案 B 句意:在词典里查新单词是个好主意。本题考查动词短语。cut up切碎;look up 查找;put up举 起,张贴。根据句意可知选B。 7.(2018安徽,37)Some animals can the color around to protect themselves. A.take on B.give up C.put away D.see off 答案答案 A 句意:一些动物可以呈现出和周围环境一样的颜色来保护自己。本题考查动词短语。根据题意 可知,动物保护自己的手段之一是用保护色,即用身边环境的颜色来伪装。take
23、 on呈现出;give up放弃;put away把收好;see.off为送行。 知识拓展知识拓展 take on a new look 呈现新面貌。 8.(2017天津,29)John the TV and helped his mother with the housework. A.turned off B.heard from C.joined in D.looked after 答案答案 A 句意:约翰关掉电视,帮妈妈做家务。本题考查动词短语辨析。A项意为“关掉”,B项意为“收 到来信”,C项意为“参加”,D项意为“照看”。根据句意应选A项。 9.(2017山西,28)When go
24、ing upstairs or downstairs, we need to walk on the right, leaving the left space for the people who . A.hurry up B.look around C.run away 答案答案 A 句意:当上楼或下楼的时候,我们都需要靠右边走,为那些着急的人们留出左边的空间。本题考 查动词短语辨析。根据语境可知选A项。look around环顾四周;run away逃跑。 10.(2017云南昆明,30)As we on our new journey, we shouldnt forget where
25、 we came from. A.take out B.set out C.cut out D.blow out 答案答案 B 句意:当我们踏上新的旅程时,我们不应该忘记我们来自何处。本题考查动词短语辨析。set out 是常用短语,表示“出发”。A:获得;C:切断,删去;D:吹灭。故正确答案是B。 11.(2017福建,33)Dont the waste paper. We can collect and recycle it. Youre right. Everyone should be a greener person. A.blow away B.put away C.throw a
26、way 答案答案 C 句意:不要扔废纸。我们可以收集再利用。你是对的。每个人都应该做一个更加环保 的人。本题考查动词短语辨析。blow away意为“吹掉”;put away意为“放好,储存”;throw away意为 “扔掉”。根据句意可知本题选择C。 C组 教师专用题组 考点一 动词 1.(2018江苏苏州,7)What do you think of Jason? He has me with his good sense of humour. A.impressed B.admired C.reminded D.warned 答案答案 A 句意:你认为Jason怎么样?他良好的幽默感让
27、我印象深刻。本题考查动词词义辨析。 impress留下印象;admire尊敬;remind提醒;warn警告。根据题意和设空处后的介词with可知,用短语impress sb. with sth. 以给某人留下印象,为固定搭配。故选A项。 2.(2018安徽,34)Im afraid I might forget to buy the bread after work. Dont worry. I will you then. A.notice B.allow C.remind D.promise 答案答案 C 句意:恐怕下班后我可能会忘记买面包。不用担心。到时候我会提醒你。本题考查动 词的词
28、义辨析。根据句意可知选C。notice注意到;allow允许;promise承诺。 思路分析思路分析 这类题要在语境中找到答题线索。 3.(2017广东深圳,11)Its going to rain. Remember to your umbrella with you when you go to school, dear. All right,Mum. Bye! A.take B.buy C.put 答案答案 A 句意:要下雨了。亲爱的,当你去学校的时候,记着带上你的雨伞。好的,妈妈。拜拜! 本题考查动词辨析。take sth. with sb.某人带上某物。故选A。 4.(2016天津,
29、24)Dont any more time, or we will miss the meeting. A.save B.trust C.waste D.love 答案答案 C 句意:不要再浪费时间了,否则我们会错过这个会议。 本题考查动词辨析。save节省,挽救;trust 信任;waste 浪费;love 喜爱。根据句意可知选择C项。 5.(2018山东烟台,57)Eating too much salt (增加)the risk of high blood pressure. 答案答案 increases 句意:吃太多的盐增加高血压的风险。动名词短语作主语,谓语动词用单数。 6.(201
30、7山东临沂,66)Mr Smith, do you think teenagers must be kept away from the Internet? No, I with this. The Internet can help learn more about the world.(agree) 答案答案 disagree 句意:史密斯先生,你认为青少年必须远离网络吗?不,我不同意这个观点。网络 可以帮助学习更多有关世界的东西。agree前加否定前缀“dis-”,意为“不同意”。 考点二 动词短语 1.(2020安徽,30)We are supposed to smart phones
31、 and take more exercise instead. A.take up B.put away C.look into D.give out 答案答案 B 句意:我们应该把智能手机收起来,多锻炼。本题考查动词短语辨析。take up占据;put away收 起来;look into调查;give out分发。根据本句中的and take more exercise instead可知设空处表示“把收 起来”,故选B。 2.(2020河北,38)Some volunteers are going to the central park. Lets join them. A.put u
32、p B.clean up C.look up D.give up 答案答案 B 句意:一些志愿者打算打扫中心公园。让我们加入他们吧。本题考查动词短语。put up张贴; clean up打扫干净; look up查阅; give up放弃。 知识拓展知识拓展 含有up的常见动词短语还有:take up开始从事,占据; eat up吃光;make up 编造;set up 建立;turn up 调高。 3.(2020湖北黄冈,29)It is very cold outside, dear. You have to your warm jacket. OK. I will, Mom. A.put
33、 on B.put off C.take off D.take up 答案答案 A 句意:亲爱的,外面非常冷,你必须穿上你保暖的夹克。好的,我会的,妈妈。本题考查动 词词组辨析。put on穿上;put off推迟,拖延;take off脱下,起飞;take up开始从事,占据。根据题意,因为外边 太冷,所以要穿上保暖的夹克。故答案为A。 4.(2020江苏连云港,10)The Chinese language has become a bridge to China the rest of the world. A.connect.to B.translate.into C.compare.
34、with D.separate.from 答案答案 A 句意:汉语已经成为连接中国和世界上其他国家的桥梁。本题考查动词短语辨析。connect. to.把和相连;translate.into.把翻译成;compare.with.把和相比;separate. from.把和分开。此处把汉语比作桥梁,连接中国和世界,故选A项。 5.(2020江苏南京,11)Which bicycle should I choose, sir? It what you want to use it for. A.takes on B.carries on C.puts on D.depends on 答案答案 D
35、句意:先生,我该选哪辆自行车呢? 这取决于你想用它做什么。本题考查动词短语的辨 析。take on承担;carry on继续;put on穿上;depend on取决于。根据句意可知,选择哪辆自行车取决于使用目 的,故选D项。 知识拓展知识拓展 与on相关的其他常用动词短语:go on继续;get on with与和睦相处;come on 加油,拜托;hold on别挂断;live on靠生活;feed on以为食;turn on打开;work on致力于。 6.(2018福建,33)Grandma wants to watch the program Legal Report. Please
36、 the TV. A.turn off B.turn on C.turn down 答案答案 B 句意:奶奶想要看节目今日说法。请打开电视机。本题考查动词短语的词义辨析。turn off 关掉,turn on打开,turn down调低。根据句意可知是“打开”电视机,故选B。 7.(2017四川南充,28)Many young people usually offer their seats to the old on the bus. Thats good. The old should be . A.looked for B.listened to C.depended on D.care
37、d for 答案答案 D 句意:许多年轻人通常在公交车上为老人让座。那是好的。老人应该受到关心。 本 题考查动词短语辨析。look for 寻找;listen to 听;depend on依靠;care for关爱,关心。结合句意,故选D。 8.(2017安徽,44)Our geography teacher told us to more information about our city and share it next week. A.find out B.keep away C.turn off D.use up 答案答案 A 句意:我们的地理老师告诉我们找出关于我们市的更多信息,
38、下周分享。本题考查动词短语辨 析。 find out找出,查出;keep away远离;turn off关闭;use up用光。结合句意,故选A。 9.(2017湖北鄂州,26)If you do that, you will with egg on your face. But I wont regret it. A.take up B.end up C.keep up D.catch up 答案答案 B 句意:如果你那样做的话,你会感到尴尬的。但我不会后悔的。本题考查动词短语辨 析。end up with.以结束。故选B。 10.(2016江苏南京,7)It took me almost
39、a whole day to so many emails. A.deal with B.cut in C.cheer for D.run out 答案答案 A 句意:处理这么多电子邮件花费了我几乎一整天的时间。本题考查动词短语的辨析。 deal with 处理; cut in插嘴;cheer for为喝彩;run out耗尽。根据语境,故答案为A。 11.(2016江苏苏州, 7)If the customer rings up for me again, please the call to the sales department. A.run through B.look throug
40、h C.go through D.put through 答案答案 D 句意:如果客户再给我打电话,请接通销售部。本题考查动词短语辨析。 put through接通(电 话)。所以选D。 12.(2016 安徽,42)Taking some exercise every day will fat and make you fit. A.turn to B.sell out C.burn off D.put on 答案答案 C 句意:每天锻炼将燃烧脂肪并使你保持健康。本题考查动词短语辨析。 burn off 燃烧。根据句 意可知选C。 13.(2016江苏徐州,12)We should save
41、 energy by the lights when we leave a room. A.getting off B.showing off C.taking off D.turning off 答案答案 D 句意:我们应该通过离开房间时关灯来节能。本题考查动词短语的用法。get off下车;show off 炫耀;take off起飞;turn off关上。根据句意可知选D。 审题技巧审题技巧 四个短语都以off结尾,容易混淆。句意指出“通过关灯来节能”。虽然此题难度不大,但需 要记住常用、易混的动词短语的意思。 14.(2016天津,30)Peter will you the build
42、ing and you can meet everyone. A.lend;to B.show;around C.compare;with D.brush;off 答案答案 B 句意:Peter将带你参观这栋大楼,你可以和大家见面。本题考查动词短语辨析。A:把借给; B:带参观;C:和进行比较;D:刷掉,刷去。根据句意可知选择B项。 考点一 动词 1.(2020周南实验中学第一次月考,23)He told the teacher he missed the lessons yesterday because he was tak- ing care of his mother who in h
43、ospital because of illness, but he . A.lied;lying B.lay;lied C.lay;lay 答案答案 B 句意:他告诉老师昨天他缺课是因为他正照顾因病住院的妈妈,但是他说谎了。本题考查动 词。 lie可意为“说谎”,过去式和过去分词为lied。lie还可以意为“躺”,其过去式和过去分词为lay,lain, 现在分词为lying。故答案为B。 2.(2019湖南师大附中梅溪湖期末,26)Toms mom praised him for well at the party. A.recalling B.behaving C.supposing 答案
44、答案 B 句意:汤姆的妈妈表扬他因为他在聚会上表现得好。本题考查动词。recall 回忆; behave 表现; suppose 假设。根据句意可知答案为B。 3.(2019湖南师大附中梅溪湖第一次月考,24)Would you like to try some pizza? Yes, please. It lovely and nice. A.sounds;sees B.hears;turns C.looks;smells 答案答案 C 句意:你想尝一尝比萨饼吗? 好的,请(给我一些)。它看起来好看,闻起来也不错。本题 考查动词辨析。根据关键词lovely 和nice可知答案为C。 4.(2
45、019长郡教育集团第二次限时检测,21)Mr. Li, Im sorry! I my English homework at home. Dont forget it to school tomorrow. A.left;to bring B.forgot;to take C.lost;to bring 答案答案 A 句意: 李老师,对不起!我把我的英语作业放家里了。别忘了明天把它带来。本题考查 动词和动词不定式。 “leave+地点”表示“把东西放在”。forget to do忘记去做某事。故答案 为A。 考点二 动词短语 1.(2020长郡第五次联考,28)Many schools aro
46、und China planned to start the new term on Feb. 17, 2020.But to control the new coronavirus outbreak (新冠病毒疫情), they the start of the term. A.put off B.put on C.put up 答案答案 A 句意:中国很多学校计划新学期开学的时间是2020年2月17日。但是为了控制新冠病毒疫情,它 们推迟了新学期开学。本题考查动词。put off推迟;put on穿上,增重,上演;put up张贴。根据句意可知答案 为A。 2.(2020岳阳湘阴毕业班模拟
47、,24)Your homework is not tidy. You should your handwriting. A.look forward to B.pay attention to C.come up with 答案答案 B 句意: 你的家庭作业不整洁。你应该注意你的书写。本题考查动词短语。look forward to意为 “期待”;pay attention to意为“注意”;come up with意为“提出”。根据句意可知答案为B。 3.(2019长郡教育集团第二次限时检测,24)What are you going to be when you grow up? I becoming a pilot because I really like flying. A.dream of B.dream to C.want of 答案答案 A 句意:你长大以后想成为什么? 我梦想成为飞行员,因为我真的很喜欢飞翔。本题考查 动词短语。根据语境和设空处后的动名词可知答案为A。 4.(2019周南实验中学期末,26)Your bedroom is too dirty. Would you
