1、UNIT 27Whats an Intranet?An Intranet is simply the application of Internet technology within an internal or closed user group.Intranets are company specific and do not have to have a physical connection to the Internet.However,the underlying principle behind Intranet theory is information democracy.
2、Used properly,an Intranet is a highly effective corporate tool,capable of regularly updating information to empower the workforce with the information needed to perform their roles.1Used in this way,Intranets represent a step towards the paperless office,replacing printed documentation with electron
3、ic data.UNIT 27Until the early 90s,Intranet technology was mainly used by governments,academics and technologists.2Then came the World Wide Web and the dramatic expansion of the Internet user base.The WWW enables transfer and display of multimedia documents between servers which hold the information
4、,and clients or users.The WWW was quickly followed by the development of Web servers which integrate with databases and legacy systems to provide distributed platform independent applications.UNIT 27The beauty of an Intranet lies in platform independence.3Based on Internet technology,Intranets offer
5、 a Utopian approach to applications and operating systems,enabling accessto and from virtually any computer.4When applying platform independence to a closed corporate environment,the headache of complex network outing and bridging multiple proprietaryproducts is eliminated.The typical corporate infr
6、astructure is a LAN.An Intranet delivers the same level of power to users as a LAN,but offers greatly simplified network management.5Intranets work within an organization over the existing LAN infrastructure,making cost of ownership very attractive.UNIT 27Corporate Intranet hold information centrall
7、y in a Web server.6All Intranet related documents are written in hypertext mark-up language(HTML),the industry standard method of encoding a document which contains text and graphics to make it totally platform independent.Information can be sent and received to and from the Web server using TCP/IP
8、with a Web browser.The browser is software which sources documents images,sound,video files and applications.7It enables users to access an endless variety of corporate information from the server ranging from updated share prices,personnel and corporate policy documents to company bulletin boards.O
9、rganization also utilize browsers for data collection from employees,including time-sheet logs,holiday request forms and expenses reports.UNIT 27Because Web servers are platform and application independent,they can send or request data from legacy or external applications including databases.8All re
10、plies,once converted into HTML,can then be transmitted to a browser.Used in this way,Intranets can offer lower desktop support costs,easy link with legacy applications and databases and,above all,ease of use.UNIT 27New Words intranet n.企业内联网internal adj.内部的user-group n.用户群underlying adj.根本的,基本的democ
11、racy n.民主corporate n.公司empower v.授权workforce n.劳动力represent v.代表documentation n.文档,文件UNIT 27academics n.学术界technologist n.技术人员dramatic adj.急剧的expansion n.扩张,扩展multimedia n.多媒体Integrate v.使结合database n.数据库approach n.方法,途径virtually adv.虚假地proprietary adj.专用的infrastructure n.基础设施UNIT 27simplify v.简化hyp
12、ertext n.超文本mark-up n.标记encode v.编码graphics n.图形utilize v.利用time-sheet n.时间表legacy adj.传统的external adj.外部的 transmit v.传送 UNIT 27Phrases and Expressions base on 在基础上range from.to 与不同replace.with 用替换UNIT 27The Explanation of Difficult Statements 1.Used in the way,intranets represent a step towards the
13、 paperless office,replacing printed documentation with electronic data.分析分析:“used in this way”为过去分词作状语。“replacing printed documentation with electronic”为现在分词作状语。句意句意:这样使用,内部网是迈向无纸办公的一步,即用电子数据代替印刷文档。UNIT 272.Then came the World Wide Web and the dramatic expansion of the Internet user base.分析分析:此句为倒装句
14、,正常语序应该为:The World Wide Web came then.在英语中,如果here,there,now,then等副词置于句首时,句子通常用倒装。例如:Then came the day we had been looking forward to.There goes your last chance.句意句意:后来出现了环球网(简称WWW),互联网用户急剧扩张。UNIT 273.Based on Internet technology,Internets offer a Utopian approach to applications and operating syste
15、ms,enabling access to and from virtually any computer.分析分析:“Based on Internet technology”为过去分词作状语。句意句意:基于互联网技术,内部网为应用程序和操作系统提供了乌托邦式的方法,这样能使(用户)实际上对任何一台计算机进行访问或从(任何一台计算机)进行访问。UNIT 274.When applying platform independence to a closed corporate environment,the headache of complex network outing and brid
16、ging multiple proprietary products is eliminated.分析分析:“When applying platform independence to a closed corporate environment”为现在分词作状语。句意句意:当将平台独立性应用于封闭的公司环境时,多个专有产品的复杂的网络路由连接和桥接等令人头疼的问题就迎刃而解了。UNIT 275.Intranets work within an organization over the existing LAN infrastructure,making cost of ownership
17、 very attractive.分析分析:“making cost of ownership very attractive”为现在分词作状语。句意句意:内部网在已有的局域网基础设施上,运行于一个机构的内部,这使拥有的成本相当低。UNIT 276.All Intranet related documents are written in hypertext make-up language(HTMI),the industry-standard method of encoding a document which contains text and graphics to make it
18、totally platform independent.分析分析:“related documents”为过去分词作定语;“make it totally platform independent.”句型应为“make+n.+adj/n.”,表示“使某人或某物成为某种状态”,例如:The smell of cooking makes me hungry.句意句意:所有与内部网有关的文档均用超文本标记语言(HTML)编写,这是业界标准的编制含有文本与图形的文档方法,以便文档完全独立于平台。UNIT 277.It enables users to access an endless variet
19、y of corporate information from the server ranging from updated share prices,personnel and corporate policy documents to company bulletin boards.分析分析:“enable somebody to do something”意为“使某人做某事”;“range from.to”意为“(范围)从到”。句意句意:使用户能访问服务器上各种各样的公司信息,从最新的股票价格、人事和公司政策文档到公司的公告牌等。8.All replies,once converted
20、 into HTML,can then be transmitted to a browser.分析分析:“once converted into HTML”为过去分词作状语。句意句意:一是转换成HTML格式,所有的应答都能传送给浏览器。UNIT 27Grammar Translation Skills 增词的翻译方法增词的翻译方法由于英汉两种语言在结构与表达方式上存在差异,有时在英译汉过程中,为了表达准确,需增加一些原文中虽无其词,但有其意的词,或需加上英语句式中可以省略,而汉语句式不可以省略的词。例如:(1)The latest type of cars are fast,efficien
21、t and handy.这种新型汽车速度快,效率高,操作方便。UNIT 27(2)English is the language of commerce and the second language of many countries.英语是国际贸易中的通用语言,也是许多国家的第二语言。(3)Many persons learned to program with little understanding of computers or applications to which computers could or should be applied.许多人虽然已经学会了编程序,但对计算机
22、以及计算机能够或必备的种种用途所知甚少。(4)Note again that considerable simplification in solving the above can be achieved if the data is made symmetrically.还要注意,在解决上述问题时,如果使数据对称,就能得到很大程度的简化。UNIT 272.减词的翻译方法减词的翻译方法减词译法也是经常采用的翻译技巧之一。它与上面讲述的增词译法正好相反,即它并是从原文中删词减意,而是减词存意。例如:(1)Since copper possesses good conductivity,it i
23、s widely used in electrical engin-eering.由于铜具有良好的导电性,所以被广泛应用于电气工程。(2)We have found a method for solving this problem.我们已经找到解决这个问题的办法。UNIT 27(3)When short waves are sent out and meet an obstacle they are reflected.短波发射出去,遇到障碍就反射回来。(4)Machines enables to perform such tasks as would otherwise be unthin
24、kable.机器使我们能执行那些如果没有机器就无法完成的任务。UNIT 27Exercises.Fill in the blanks according to the text:(1)_ is simply the application of Internet technology within an internal or closed user-group.(2)Used in this way,Intranets represent a step towards the _,replacing printed documentation with electronic data.(3)
25、Based on_,Intranets offer a Utopian approach to applications and operating systems,enabling access to and from virtually any computer.UNIT 27(4)An Intranet delivers the _ to users as a LAN,but offers greatly simplified network management.(5)_ is software which sources documents images,sound,video fi
26、les and applications.Decide whether each of the following statements is true or false according to the text:(1)The WWW enables transfer and display of multimedia documents between servers which hold the information,and clients or users.UNIT 27(2)When applying platform independence to a closed corpor
27、ate environment,the headache of complex network outing and bridging multiple proprietary products is eliminated.(3)Intranets work within an organization over the existing LAN infrastructure,not making cost of ownership very attractive.(4)All Intranet related documents are written in hypertext mark-u
28、p language(HTML).(5)Because Web servers are platform and application independent,they can send or request data only from external applications including databases.UNIT 27.Translate the following sentences into Chinese:(1)At the beginning of the 1970s,the total population of the city was 150,000,and
29、at the end of it,about half a million.(2)Theory is something but practice is everything.(3)Suppose you got into a fruiters shop wanting an appleyou take up one,and,on biting it,you find it sour;you look at it,and see that it is hard and green.(4)More recently,Americans have been moving from the citi
30、es to the suburbs.(5)The finished products should be sampled to check them before they leave the factory.UNIT 27.Translate the following paragraphs into Chinese:While it is not essential for an Intranet to have a physical connection into the Internet,the benefits can often outweigh the risks.As soon
31、 as an Internet link has been established,the internal company infrastructure becomes extremely vulnerable.It has been opened up to access from the public domain which is in turn open to access and(in theory)abuse from anyone.While this may sound dramatic,the implementation of stringent security mea
32、sures in essential to avoid sensitive data being accessed by non-authorized pers-onnel.UNIT 27A connection between the Internet and an Intranet creates a virtual private network(VPN),and constitutes a major security risk.It should not be taken lightly.While the benefits of access,availability,perfor
33、mance and cost of ownership are all high priorities for Intranet implementation,security issues usually top the priority list.UNIT 27Reading Materials Whats an Intranet?Intranets are an ideal solution to the problematic issue of cost-effective remote access connectivity.One of the most significant b
34、enefits an Intranet can offer is to provide a highly efficient and cost-effective method of communicating with geographically disparate office or remote workers.Many large corporate depend heavily on the regular distribution of data intensive material to local and remote employees.This is an area wh
35、ere corporate Intranets really come into their own,easing the communications headache.UNIT 27Remote access into a corporate Intranet can be achieved through a variety of methods.Generally,branch and remote office are linked to the corporate LAN via a dedicated leased line which remains open all the
36、time.Leased lines are used in this instance as the data requirements between branch offices and the headquarters tend to be much higher than that of tele-workers,making the marginal cost substantially lower.In contrast,remote tele-workers will generally use dial up techniques,either using a modem(ru
37、nning at speeds of up to 28.8 kbps)or an ISDN link(running at speeds up to 128 kbps).However,due to the large file sizes usually associated with Intranets,ISDN is the more likelyUNIT 27choice of connection.Remote tele-workers also have the option to have an ISDN line installed to their home or offic
38、e linking them to the corporate Intranet via a local Internet service provider(ISP).This reduces the cost by replacing long-distance call charges with a local call rate.While it is not essential for an Intranet to have a physical connection into the Internet,the benefits can often outweigh the risks
39、.As soon as an Internet link has been established,the internal company infrastructure becomes extremely vulnerable.It has been opened up to access from the public domain which is in turn open to access and(in theory)abuse from anyone.While this may sound dramatic,the implementation of stringent secu
40、rity measures in essential to avoid sensitive data being accessed by non-authorized personnel.UNIT 27A connection between the Internet and an Intranet creates a virtual private network(VPN),and constitutes a major security risk.It should not be taken lightly.While the benefits of access,availability
41、,performance and cost of ownership are all high priorities for Intranet implementation,security issues usually top the priority list.The advent of VPNs and open networks present organizations with major security concerns.As most companies,and in particular those in the financial sector,retain confid
42、ential information on electronic media,they are justifiably prevent data falling into the wrong hands.The provision of open access pipesUNIT 27between the Internet and the corporate network just compounds their fears and concerns.However,benefits of this approach include low cost access to the corpo
43、rate LAN for remote workers and branch offices,and Internet access for employees.There is,in addition,whole range of security measures available to ensure data integrity is maintained.It is essential that corporate Intranet design involves the generation of a security policy,coupled with the impleme
44、ntation and management of security systems.These may involve one,or a combination,of security technologies.UNIT 27New Words and Expressions cost-effective 性价比合算的connectivity n.连通性,连通度disparate adj.不可比较的,根本不同的remote adj.远程的,遥远的data-intensive 数据密集的branch n.转移,分支;转移指令,分支指令dedicated leased line 专用的租用线路h
45、eadquarter n.总局,总部,司令部tele-workers n.远程操作人员,远地工作人员UNIT 27marginal adj.边缘的ISP(Internet service provider)互联网服务供应商 vulnerable adj.脆弱的abuse vt.滥用,妄用;侮辱,诋毁stringent adj.严格的sensitive data 敏感数据VPN(virtual private network)虚拟专用网constitute vt.组成(整体),构成;任命担任,成立ownership n.物主身份,主权,所有权confidential adj.机密的justifiably adv.可证明为正当地,有理由地provision n.准备,供应 UNIT 27Questions(1)What is the most significant benefits that Intranet can offer?(2)How to remote access into a corporate Intranet?(3)How to establish VPN?
