1、高中英语语法专项突破第十五讲定语从句教学目标第 14 页 共 14 页 1. 了解定语和定语从句的概念和作用2. 掌握定语从句关系代词和关系副词的用法（重点）3. 区分限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句（重点）4. 区分that和which作连词的区别（难点）5. 明确介词加关系代词的用法结构（难点）6. 了解as作关系代词的用法知识讲解考点1: 定语从句的判断【例句探究1】1. She is a beautiful and kind girl.2. She is a beautiful and kind girl in Daming Lake.3. She is a beautif
2、ul and kind girl living in Daming Lake.4. She is a beautifu and kindl girl who lived by the Daming Lake.v 【考点梳理1】1） 定语的作用：_、_名词的句子成分2） 定语的分类：前置定语：_ 后置定语：_3） 从句的判定：_；主句的判定：_4） 定语从句：_【例句探究2】5） 定语从句的结构及三要素先行词 从句 The girl who i
3、s reading books is my little sister 关系词 He has a car. The car has 7 seats. He has a car which has 7 seats.先行词 关系词 从句v 【考点梳理2】1) 定语从句的结构：先行词(多为名词或代词) 关系词 从句2) 先行词：被定语从句修饰的词，一般是_或_，有时也可以是整个句子。【例句探究】A new teacher will come tomorrow who will teach us Englis
4、h.l 结论_3) 关系词：用于引导定语从句，放在先行词和从句之间，起到_、_、_的作用4) 定语从句：含义上：定语从句修饰先行词结构上：定语从句位于主句及先行词之后先行词上：定语从句的先行词可还原回从句当中l 检验内化1l 找出下列的句子中的定语从句，并在题号上标，并标出定语从句的先行词和关系词。1. She always tell us that English is a useful tool when you travel around the world.2. The problem is how I can work out this maths problem.3. This i
5、s the watch that I am looking for.4. He lives in a room whose window faces south.5. He is one of the foreign experts who live in China.6. I invited them all, but none of them came.7. The news reported a fact that the 46th US president is Biden now.8. I can borrow my bike to you if you need.考点2: 关系词的
6、用法【例句探究3】(1) This is the film which is well-known to us.(2) This is the film whose name is Titanic .(3) Here are two pictures that are taken from the film .(4) The man and the woman whom you see in the picture are Jack and Rose . (5) Jack and Rose are the hero and the heroine who loved each other ve
7、ry much in the film . (6) Jack met Rose at the Titanic where all the people were taking a walk.(7) Rose cant forget the time when Jack saved her.(8) Most people cant understand the reason why Jack sacrificed himself for Rose.v 关系词的作用：_、_、_# 关系代词的用法 #l who：用于指_，在定语从句中作_ 【翻译】Studies found that
8、people who woke up early for exercise slept better than those who exercised in the evening.l whom：用于指_，在定语从句中作_；除放_以外，其他情况可以省略 【翻译】In our class there are 48 students, half of whom are girls. l which：用于指_，在定语从句中作_；除放_以外，其他情况作_时可省略 【翻译】She was not in the train which arrived just now. &nb
9、sp; She said she had finished her work, which I doubted very much.l that:用于指_，在定语从句中作_；作宾语时可省略不用于_ 【翻译】This is the only book that is useful to me. The man that you had a talk just now is our headmaster.l as：用于指_，在定语从句中作_；用于_
10、; 【翻译】As we all know, smoking is harmful to our health. These are just the same people as I met yesterday.l whose：用于指_，在定语从句中作_ 【翻译】He is the man whose car was stolen. It was an island whose name was given by the villagers.
11、# 关系副词的用法 #l where:用于指_，在定语从句中作_【翻译】This is the mountain village where I stayed last year.l when:用于指_，在定语从句中作_【翻译】I will never forget the days when I worked together with you.l why:用于指_，在定语从句中作_【翻译】The reason why he cant come is that he is ill.【考点梳理3】l 检验内化2（一）单句填空1) He is the man_ I saw yesterday.2
12、) The person _ you should write to is Mr. Ball.3) A dictionary is a book _ gives the meaning to the word.4) She said she had found her job, _ I doubt very much.5) He lost my bike, _ made me unhappy.6) I will never forget the people and the places _ I have ever visited.7) This is the person _ I need.
13、8) Please pass me the book _ cover is green.9) I still remember the days_ we had a good time together.10) I still remember the days_ we spent together.定语从句语法填空做题思路1) 主 谓语 2) 及物v. 宾语 先行词性质判断 连词 从句结构分析： 3) 介词 宾语 4) 不及物v. 状语5)
14、定语 主语 6) 完整句子 状语（二）单句改错1.One afternoon where I was in primary school, I was walking by the school playground.2. In the cafe, customers will enjoy themselves in the historical environment what is created for them.3.They also had a small pond which they raised fish.4. In their spare time，they a
15、re interested in planting vegetables in their garden，that is on the rooftop of their house.5. Around me in this/the picture are the things they were very important in my life at that time:6. The dishes what I cooked were Moms favorite7. Having tea in the late afternoon provides a bridge between lunc
16、h and dinner, that might not be served until 8 oclock at night.考点3：非限制性定语从句【例句探究4】His daughter who is in Boston now is coming home tomorrow.他住在波士顿的女儿明天回家。（对先行词进行修饰、限制，不可省略。）His daughter, who is in Boston now, is coming home tomorrow.他女儿现在波士顿，明天回家。（对先行词进行补充、说明，可省略。）【考点梳理4】不同点限制性定从非限制性定从外在形式先行词在句中作用翻译
17、关系词关系代词省略l 检验内化31. The road conditions there turned out to be very good, _was more than we could expect.2. Yesterday she sold her car , _she bought a moment ago.3. I was born in New York, a city _name will create a picture of beautiful trees and green grass in our mind.4. Villagers here depend on th
18、e fishing industry, without _there wont be much work.5. The book was written in 1946, since _the education system has witnessed great changes.6. Some pre-school children go to a day care centre, _they learn simple games and songs.7. Thousands of Haitians cheered as the Chinese medical team arrived，m
19、any of_even cried with joy.考点4：that和which的区分【例句探究5】# 第一组 #1. The first thing that my sister is going to do this evening is to write a letter.2. This is the biggest tiger that has ever been shown in the zoo.3. All that Im going to do is for you, not for me.4. Watch carefully everything that the teach
20、er will do.5. This is the only book that I bought for you last year.6. I will always remember the person and the thing that I have met and experienced these years.# 第二组 #1. Our class has won the basketball match, which made the whole class excited so much.2. The school library is a great place from
21、which students can learn a lot.3. Edison built up a factory that produced things which had never been seen before.【考点梳理5】 只能用that的5种情况 _ _ _ _ _ 只能用which的3种情况 _ _ _l 检验内化4(1) The pen with _you are writing is mine.(2) The town is not the very one _ it used to be.(3) Ann passed the driving test, _ sur
22、prised everybody in the office.(4) When we talk about Wuxi, the first _comes into mind is Tai Lake.(5) This is the best _can be done now.l 检验内化5（一）单句填空(1) The picture _you are looking at was drawn by a friend of mine.(2) What is the word _he wanted to look up?(3) The writer _works I admire most is L
23、u Xun.(4) Yesterday we went to visit the house_the great writer used to live.(5) He was born in the year _ the Second World War broke out.(6) Is this the factory _ makes color TV sets?(7) Is this the factory _color TV sets are made?(8) Do you know the museum _many famous paintings are on show?(9) Th
24、is is the museum _opens from Monday to Friday.(10) Ill never forget that moment _the film star took a photo of me.(11) I cant forget the days _we spent together inthe small village many years ago.(12) He always wants to go to his hometown and visit the place _he grew up.(13) That Peter will marry Al
25、ice, _has not been announced yet, has spread around.(14) Kunming is a city _flowers are seen all the year round.(15) Have you found the information about Bill Gates_ you can use for the report?Not yet. Ill search some on the Internet.(16) Do you know the man_is reading the book over there?Yes, hes M
26、r. Green, our PE teacher.(17) Robert is just one young overseas Chinese _ has come to visit his ancestor's homeland. (18) Mr. Smith, _was my first English teacher, retired last week.(19) I bought a novel yesterday, _was written by Han Han.(20) He was eager to go to the hospital to s
27、ee his stepmother，_he loved as his own mother(21) After graduation, I decided to stay in Chongqing, _I spent my childhood and four years of college life.(22) I have no idea about the man_ wrote the article.(23) This is the college _ I visited.(24) This is the college _ he studied 2 years ago.(25) Th
28、e woman _ secret was discovered kept her job in the company.（二）单句改错1The reason why he explained to me is not proper.2Jim passed the driving test, it surprised everybody in the office.3He has two sons, both of them are teachers.4Our teacher is very strict with us, that does much good to us.5He will c
29、ome to see me next July, which he won't be so busy.总结回顾学霸笔记-定语从句关系词判断步骤1. 一找-找到从句谓语2. 二看-看从句缺少什么成分，先行词是什么性质 主语：谓语动词之前 宾语：及物动词后或介词后 定语：从句主语前可补充“谁的” 状语：补充说明句子发生的时间和地点3. 三选词-根据先行词在从句中作的成分和先行词的性质，选择对应的关系词考点5：介词 关系代词的用法【例句探究6】(1) The workers, some _ _ stayed for
30、 four years, came from different countries.(2) The old book, the cover _ _ was red, belongs to my uncle. (3) Yesterday we visited the West Lake _ _ Hangzhou is famous.(4) We went through a period _ _ communications were very difficult in the rural areas.(5) The naughty boy made a h
31、ole in the wall _ _ he could see what is happening outside.【考点梳理6】（一）介词的选择 常规类：Whose = _ When = _ where = _ 搭配类解题： 根据定语从句中的动词、形容词所需要的某种习惯搭配来确定。 根据与先行词搭配的具体含义而定。 根据所表达的意思来确定（二）连词的选择介词后的连词，指人用_；指物用_。l 检验内化61. She brought forward a plan with _ we didnt agree.2. The invention on _ she spent two ye
32、ars will do good to the world.3. English, in _ I do well, is important in middle school.4. Tom, with _ bicycle I went to the concert, is a friend of mine.5. He has many children, and some of _ are workers.考点6：as引导的定语从句【例句探究7】I have never heard such stories _ he told._I said before, practice makes pe
33、rfect.This is the same knife _I lost yesterday.He is such a clever boy _everyone likes.他是一个人人都喜欢的聪明孩子。He is such a clever boy _everyone likes him.他是如此聪明的孩子以至于人人都喜欢他。【考点梳理7】l as 引导定语从句, 在定语从句中作主语、宾语；指代人、物或整个句子。 在限制性定语从句中，多用于固定结构中。 such 名词 as “像.一样的，像之类的”；the sa
34、me 名词 as “和同样的”as many / much . as “和.一样多”so . as . “和.一样”在非限制性定语从句中，可置于句首，句中或句尾，译为"正如"。 相比较which，which不能放在句首，指代整个句子作先行词时译为“这件事”as is known to all, as is said, as is reported, as is announced,as we all know, as I e
35、xpect，as is often the case，as was expected，as often happens，as has been said before，as is mentioned abovesuch.that 表示“如此以至于”，属于结果状语从句 Such.as 表示“像一样的”，属于定语从句l 检验内化71(填空)My hometown is no longer the same _it was.2(填空)Our team lost the game，_ was reported in the newspap
36、er.3(填空)After graduating from college，I took some time off to go travelling，_turned out to be a wise decision.4. (改错) The air quality in the city，which is shown in the report，has improved over the past two months.5. (改错) Which we all know, paper was first made in China.6. (改错) She is just the same g
37、irl whom she used to be. 7. (改错) This is the same place as we had the party last weekend.总结练习A组（一）单句填空1. His movie won several awards at the film festival, _ was beyond his wildest dream.2. I am looking forward to the day _ my daughter can read this book and know my feelings for her.3. The Science M
38、useum, _ we visited during a recent trip to Britain is one of London's tourist attractions.4. The visitor _ passport was stolen was on his way to the US.5. He wrote a letter _ he explained what had happened in the accident.6. _ is often the case with children, Amy was better by the time the doct
39、or arrived.7. John invited about 40 people to his wedding, most of _ are relatives.8. We all reach the sales targets in a month _ we set at the beginning of the year.9. He wrote many books, nearly half of _ were published in the 1990s.（二）单句改错1. One day I saw a second-hand bicycle, that was only one
40、hundred yuan.2. It is also a window which we can learn about American society.3. Happiness and success often come to those which are good at recognizing their strength. 4. Finally he reached a lonely island where was completely cut off from the outside world.5. Maria has written two novels, bo
41、th of them have been made into TV series.6. Whatever is left over may be put into the refrigerator, which it will keep for two or three weeks.7. I wish to thank Professor Smith, without whom help I would never have got this far. B组.单句语法填空1The boss of the company is trying to create an easy atmospher
42、e _his employees enjoy their work.2As the smallest child of his family，Alex is always longing for the time _he should be able to be independent.3. Some experts think reading is the fundamental skill upon _ school education depends.4It is a truly delightful place, _ looks the same as it must have don
43、e 100 years ago with its winding streets and pretty cottages.5The books on the desk，_covers are shiny，are prizes for us.6He wrote many children's books，nearly half of _ were published in the 1990s.7Nowadays，school violence is a hot issue.I think this is a phenomenon，_calls for our great concern.8T
