1、七年级英语上册Unit 2 语法和写作知识讲解一、语法(一)不含Be动词的一般现在时1.用法:(1)表示经常性或习惯性的动作或现在存在的状态(2)表示人的性格、能力、特征或爱好等。(3)表示客观真理或普遍事实。2.句式:(1)肯定句:主语 + 动词原形 + 其它Eg: I often go to school at 7:00. 我经常七点去上学。(2)否定句:主语 + dont + 动词原形 + 其它Eg: They dont sing every morning.它们每天早上不唱歌。(3)一般疑问句:Do + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其它肯定回答:Yes, 主语 + do. 否定回答:No,
2、 主语 + dont.Eg: Do they play football after school? Yes, they do./ No, they dont.他们放学后踢足球吗?(4)特殊疑问句:疑问词 + do + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其它 ?Eg: What do you want to do? 你想做什么?3.在一般现在时的句子中,行为动词前不能有be动词4.do除了作助动词,还可用作行为动词,译为“做”,变否定句时,不能再实义动词do后加not,要在前加dont。Eg: I dont do homework on Sundays.我周日不做作业。当句子的主语是第三人称单数时,谓语
3、动词也要使用第三人称单数形式,即“主语 + 动词三单 + 其它”;回答以does开头的问句时,答语仍要用does或其否定形式doesnt,不可使用其它助动词或行为动词。5.动词三单形式变化规则(1)一般情况下加 s; Eg: work - works; like - likes(2)以s, x, ch, sh, 结尾,加-es ; Eg: finish - finishes; teach - teaches(3)以辅音字母 + y 结尾,变y为i加es; Eg: carry - carries; fly - flies(4)以O结尾,且O前为辅音,加es ; Eg: go - goes; do
4、 - doesEg: Tom likes playing basketball. 汤姆喜欢打篮球。Tom doesnt like playing basketball. 汤姆不喜欢打篮球。Does Tom like playing basketball? 汤姆喜欢打篮球吗?- Yes, he does./ No, he doesnt.What does Tom like doing? 汤姆喜欢做什么?6.特殊疑问句结构:(1)特殊词 + 助动词(do/ does)+ 主语 + 行为动词原形 + 其它(疑问词在其中不作主语)Eg: How do you save the document? 你如
5、何保存文档?(2)疑问词 + 行为动词的第三人称单数 + 其它(疑问词在句中作主语)Eg: Who cooks breakfast for him ? 谁为他做早饭?7.常用的疑问词问时间: when 问地点:where 问人物:who 问事物或事件:what问方式:how 问原因:why 问哪个:which 问具体时刻:what time问哪种:what kind of 问多少:how much/ how many(二)频率副词1.频率副词用来表示某一动作发生的频率或某一状态出现的频率,常见的有(按程度由大到小排列)always(总是,一直);usually(通常);often(经常);so
6、metimes(有时);seldom (很少);never(从不)。2.对频率副词提问常用how often开头3.在句中位置(1)在连系动词be之后。 Eg: She is sometimes very busy.她有时非常忙。(2)在助动词或情态动词之后。 Eg: I can always remember you.我会一直记得你。(3)在行为动词之前。 Eg: We often go there.我们经常去那。(4)sometimes可放在句首、句中或句末。 Eg: Sometimes she writes to me.有时她给我写信。4.用法(1) often, always, usu
7、ally等常和一般现在时连用,表示现在经常或反复发生的动作。Eg: I always go to bed at ten oclock.我总是10点睡觉。(2) always可与进行时连用,并不强调动作正在进行,表示赞叹、厌烦等情绪。Eg: He is always thinking of others. 他总是为其他人着想。She is always asking silly questions. 她总是问愚蠢的问题。(三)音标用法详解:元音字母在重读闭音节中通常发其短音,而不发字母本音。Aa / 如: cat, map, tap, lap, bad等。Ee /e/ 如: bed, pet,
8、let, pet, yet等。Ii /i:/ 或 /I/ 如: pig, sing, bit, fit, kid等。Oo / 如: hot, dog, mop, not, pop等。Uu / 如: cup, duck, but, cut, nut等。知识拓展:闭音节:以一个或几个辅音字母(r除外) 结尾字母且中间只有一个元音字母的音节。如:lend等。二、写作话题一:Write an article about your favourite hobby* 提示:1.My favourite hobby is .2.Im interested in .3.I like/love/enjoy.4.
9、I often play.5.makes me feel happy/good/great6.can help make my dream come true.* 写作步骤定文体(记叙文)、人称(第一人称)、时态(一般现在时)* 范文: Hello, everyone.My name is -I have many hobbies, such as sports, singing, playing the violin and keeping a diary.I like sports very much.I go running at five oclock in the morning.A
10、fter classes in the afternoon, I play table-tennis with my friends.These sports have kept me home, I like to sing and play the violin.I practice singing and playing the violin every day.I like reading books best.In my bedroom there are nearly six hundred books.There are story books, textbooks, magazines, and others.All these books have enriched my knowledge.3