1、八年级上册 Unit 3 Im more outgoing than my sister. 语法重难点讲解 形容词和副词的比较级形容词和副词的比较级 3 重难点讲解 形容词与副词形容词与副词 的比较级的比较级 Dang Xiaojuan 什么是副词什么是副词 1.1.副词一般以副词一般以lyly结尾，副词结尾，副词(adv.)(adv.)修饰修饰形容词或动词形容词或动词 Please write (slow) and (careful). He is (real) happy. 2.2.形容词形容词(adj.)(adj.)修饰修饰名词或者代词名词或者代词 She is a beautiful
2、girl. Do you know something new? slowly carefully really 形容词如何变为副词形容词如何变为副词 1.1.在形容词词尾直接加在形容词词尾直接加- -lyly. .如如: : 2.以以辅音字母加辅音字母加y y结尾结尾的形容词要变的形容词要变y y为为i i, ,然后再加然后再加- -lyly. .如如: : 3.3.一般情况下一般情况下结尾结尾lele，去，去e e加加y y，除此之外记住一个，除此之外记住一个特殊的特殊的 truetrue- -trulytruly 4.4.还有还有形容词和副词一致形容词和副词一致的情况的情况 busy-b
3、usily; angry-angrily; easy-easily real-really; helpful-helpfully; careful-carefully possible-possibly comfortale-comfortably terrible-terribly hard-hard early-early fast-fast 一、规则变化一、规则变化 1、一般直接在词尾加、一般直接在词尾加er或或est talltaller,lightlighter 2、以字母、以字母e结尾的直接加结尾的直接加r或或st nicenicer,finefiner 3、以重读闭音节结尾且末尾
4、只有一个辅音字、以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字 母的形容词，要双写末尾的辅音字母再加母的形容词，要双写末尾的辅音字母再加er 或或est thinthinner hothotter bigbigger 形容词的比较级形容词的比较级 一、规则变化一、规则变化 4、以辅音字母加、以辅音字母加y结尾的形容词，结尾的形容词， 要变要变y为为i再加再加er或或est heavyheavier busybusier 5、多音节形容词或部分双音节形容词变比、多音节形容词或部分双音节形容词变比 较较 级在前面加级在前面加more,最高级在前加最高级在前加most beautifulmore beauti
5、ful importantmore important 二、不规则形容词的比较级二、不规则形容词的比较级 原原 级级 比比 较较 级级 good / well better many / much more little less ill / bad / badly worse far farther / further old older / elder 二、不规则形容词的比较级二、不规则形容词的比较级 注：注：older 一般指年龄大小；一般指年龄大小； My father is older than my mother. elder指长幼关系指长幼关系(一般修饰名词作定语一般修饰名词作定
6、语); My elder brother is a driver. farther指距离更远；指距离更远；further指抽像的指抽像的. I want to study English further. But what about farther house? 形容词形容词/副词比较级的用法副词比较级的用法 1、两者之间的比较，句中有标志词、两者之间的比较，句中有标志词than Tom is taller than John 2、Which/Who is + 比较级比较级, A or B ? Which is easier, maths or English? 3、能修饰比较级的副词：、能
7、修饰比较级的副词：much、 a little、 even、far、rather、a lot This city is much bigger than that one Today is a little hotter than yesterday. 4、比较级、比较级+ and + 比较级，比较级， “越来越“越来越” Now it is hotter and hotter. 形容词形容词/副词原级的用法副词原级的用法 1.as as 中间用原级中间用原级(和和.一样一样) eg.I am as tall as you. He runs as fast as his brother. 2.
8、not as+ 原级原级+ as 不如不如. = not so+ 原级原级+ as eg.I am not as tall as you. = I am not so tall as you. I dont run as fast as you. = I dont run so fast as you. 13 考点讲解 擅长擅长 care about 关心，在意关心，在意 make sb. do sth. 让某人做某事让某人做某事 make sb./sth. +adj. 让某人让某人 laugh at sb. 嘲笑某人嘲笑某人 bothand 两者都两者都 Its + adj. + for +
9、 sb. +to do sth. 做某事对某人来说做某事对某人来说 是是的的 be different from 与与不同不同 be the same as 与与一样一样 bring out the best/worst in sb. 把某人最好把某人最好/最坏的最坏的 一面展现出来一面展现出来 be good at 1. is good at sports. 擅长运动。擅长运动。 be good at=do well in擅长擅长 后面加名词，代词或动名词。后面加名词，代词或动名词。 She is good at English. Im good at swimming. 2.truly c
10、ares about me. 确实关心我。确实关心我。 care about 意为“关心，在意”意为“关心，在意” My mother cares about me. 拓展：拓展：take care=be careful当心，小心当心，小心 take care of=look after照顾照顾 3.makes me laugh. 让我发笑。让我发笑。 make sb. do sth. 意为“让某人做某事”意为“让某人做某事” His father always makes him get up early. make sb./sth. +adj. 意为“让某人意为“让某人” You shou
11、ld make your parents happy. laugh at sb. 意为“嘲笑某人”意为“嘲笑某人” Dont laugh at me. 4.Well, Mary and her best friend are both tall. Both意为“两者都”。做主语谓语动词用复数，常意为“两者都”。做主语谓语动词用复数，常 用于助情用于助情be之后，实意动词之前。之后，实意动词之前。 They are both good swimmers. We both like playing basketball. 5.Both of+人称代词宾格。意为“两者都人称代词宾格。意为“两者都”
12、Both of us want to leave here. Both A and B意为“意为“A和和B都都” He can speak both English and French. 辨析：辨析：both 和和all Both表示“两者都”表示“两者都” His parents are both teachers. All表示“三者或三者以上都”表示“三者或三者以上都” Three students are flying kites, they are all in Class 1 Grade 7. 6.Im shy so its not easy for me to make frie
13、nds. Its + adj. + for + sb. +to do sth. 意为“做某事对某人来说是意为“做某事对某人来说是的”的” Its + adj. + of + sb. +to do sth. Eg:Its important for us to eat a lot of vegetables. Its dangerous for a child to stay at home alone. Its very nice of you to lend an umbrella to me. 7.My best friend Larry is quite different from m
14、e. be different from意为“与意为“与不同”，反义词组是不同”，反义词组是 be the same as意为“与意为“与一样”一样” Eg:He is different from his father. Her skirt is the same as mine. 8.However, Larry often helps to bring out the best in me. 然而，然而，Larry经常帮助我显现出最好的一面。经常帮助我显现出最好的一面。 bring out the best/worst in sb. 把某人最好把某人最好/最坏的一面展现出来。最坏的一面展
15、现出来。 Please tell me how to bring out the best in me. 9.Larry is much less hard-working, though. Less此处是副词此处是副词little的比较级的比较级 (1)用于形容词或副词之前，意为“不如，不及”，常见用于形容词或副词之前，意为“不如，不及”，常见 结构为“结构为“less+形容词形容词/副词副词+than”,相当于相当于not as/soas Tom is less outgoing than Jim. =Tom is not as outgoing as Jim. (2)Less修饰动词，意
16、为“更少”修饰动词，意为“更少” Eat less, drink less and sleep more. 10.I dont really care if my friends are the same as me or different. If是连词，意为“是否”，引导宾语从句，常用语是连词，意为“是否”，引导宾语从句，常用语ask, know, wonder, find out等动词（短语）之后。等动词（短语）之后。 Eg:I dont know if he is at home. If意为“如果”，引导条件状语从句。意为“如果”，引导条件状语从句。If引导的条件状语引导的条件状语 从
17、句要用一般现在时表将来。从句要用一般现在时表将来。 Eg:I wont go there with you if it rains tomorrow. 11.A true friend reaches for your hand and touches your heart. Reach for sth.意为“伸手取某物”意为“伸手取某物” Eg:He reaches for the box, but he is too short. 12.Im different from Jeff because Im louder than the other kids in my class. 辨析辨
18、析:the other, the others, other, others与与another (1)The other特指两个或两个部分中的另一个或另一部特指两个或两个部分中的另一个或另一部 分，可接单数名词或复数名词。分，可接单数名词或复数名词。 He has 2 brothers, one is a teacher, the other is a doctor. (2)The others特指某一范围内的“其他的人特指某一范围内的“其他的人/物”，相当物”，相当 于于the other+复数名词。复数名词。 You two stay here, the others go with me
19、. (3)Other作形容词，可修饰名词单数或复数作形容词，可修饰名词单数或复数 We learn Chinese, Math, English and other subjects. (4)Others作代词，泛指“其他的人或物”作代词，泛指“其他的人或物” Some students are doing homework, others are talking loudly. (5)Another泛指同类事物中的三者或三者以上的另一个，泛指同类事物中的三者或三者以上的另一个， 只能代替或修饰单数可数名词。只能代替或修饰单数可数名词。 I dont like this one, please
20、 show me another. 15、My best friend is similar to Larry Be similar to意为“与意为“与相像的相像的/类似的”类似的” His hat is similar to mine. 16、Call the English Study Center at 443-5667 for more information. (1)callat拨打拨打找找 Please call Mr. Green at 1234567. (2)Information不可数名词，意为“消息，信息”不可数名词，意为“消息，信息” Can you give me s
21、ome information about this matter. 语法重难点讲解 形容词和副词的最高级 1、用于三者或三者以上的人或事物之间的比较。 2、形容词最高级前要加定冠词the，副词最高级前可省去定冠词the。 3、句中常含有表示比较范围的介词of或in，of后面常跟一群人或事物的名词或代 词(of the +数字），in后面一般接表示单位或场所的名词。 基本句型： 主+be+the+（形）最高级+in/of. He is the tallest in our class. 主+实意动词+(副) 最高级+in/of. He runs fastest of all. 考点讲解： 1、
22、be close to. close (v)关闭 (adj)亲密的 closed(adj.)关闭着的 例句： 1、My home is very close to the school. 2、Please close the door. 考点讲解： 4、比较级+and+比较级 越来越 .（表示程度加强） It gets colder and colder. 5、around the world 6、in common 7、and so on 8、all kinds of.(kind当种类讲时是“种类”的意思) kind of. 有点. be kind to sb 对某人友善 9、Its up
23、to sb to do sth 由某人决定做某事 10、play a role in sth/doing sth .在.中发挥作用 He plays an important role in the TV play. 考点讲解： 11、enjoy doing sth 喜欢做某事 He enjoys reading books. 12、be made up 编造（故事、谎言） 13、for example例如 14、in fact 事实上 15、take .seriously 认真对待. I only joked,but he took it seriously. 16、come true 实现（切记后面不能跟宾语） I believe my dream can come true. 考点讲解： 16、finish doing sth 完成做某事 He finished cooking dinner. 17、one of+the+形容词最高级+复数名词 最.的其中之一 He is one of the best students in our class. 18、so far 到目前为止 19、give sb sth give sth to sb 给某人某物（两句型可以替换） He gave me a book. He gave a book to me.
