1、 Crack main ideas of expositionsPart1.Lead-inWhats an exposition?ExpositionExposea discovery/an inventiona phenomenon/problemPart2.Questions for main ideasQuestions卷别卷别年份年份说明文篇目说明文篇目主题内容主题内容主旨要义题型主旨要义题型新课标新课标I2023D“群体智慧群体智慧”效应效应What is paragraph 2 of the text mainly about?新高考新高考I2022D饮食结构影响语音饮食结构影响语
2、音What is paragraph 5 mainly about?2021C美国发行联邦鸭票美国发行联邦鸭票Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?新课标新课标II2024CBFM室内菜园系统室内菜园系统What does the text maily talk about?新高考新高考II2022C禁止司机驾车时使用手机禁止司机驾车时使用手机What is a suitable title for the text?2021C女教师让艺术家走进课堂女教师让艺术家走进课堂Which of the following is
3、 a suitable title for the text?2020D热带雨林介绍热带雨林介绍What can be a suitable title for the text?Part2.Questions for main ideasQuestions1)What is paragraph 1,2，3，4.of the text mainly about?2)What does the text mainly talk about?3)Which of the following is/can be a suitable title for the text?Task 1:the mai
4、n idea of a paragraph At this point,it is not clear why dogs seem to be equipped with the ability to recognize different facial expressions in humans.To us,the most likely explanation appears to be that the basis lies in their living with humans,which gives them a lot of exposure to human facial exp
5、ressions,and this exposure has provided them with many chances to learn to distinguish between them,Muller said.30.What is the last paragraph mainly about?A.A suggestion for future studies.B.A possible reason for the study findings.C.A major limitation of the study D.An explanation of the research m
6、ethod.The main idea is stated in the middle sentence.Part3.Strategies for the main idea 例1Tip1:main idea=topic sentence+key words+summary If you ever get the impression that your dog can tell whether you look content or annoyed,you may be onto something.Dogs may indeed be able to distinguish between
7、 happy and angry human faces,according to a new study.Task 1:the main idea of a paragraph The connection between people and plants has long been the subject of scientific research.Recent studies have found positive effects.A study conducted in Youngstown,Ohio,for example,discovered that greener area
8、s of the city employees were shown to be 15%the city experienced less crime.In another,employees were shown more productive when their workplaces were decorated with houseplants.1.Whats the first paragph mainly about?A.A new study of different plants B.A big fall in crime rates.C.Employees from vari
9、ous workplaces.D.Benefits from green plants.Have a tryTask 1:the main idea of a paragraphThe researchers scanned a natural spider web to capture 2D cross-sections and reconstructed its 3D network using a mathematical model.They assigned different frequencies of sound to strands（丝/缕）of the web,creati
10、ng musical“notes”that they combined in patterns based on the webs 3D structure to generate music.Then they made a harp-like(像竖琴的)virtual instrument and played the spider web music in several live performances around the world,creating an inspiring harmony of art and science.33.What is paragraph 3 ma
11、inly about?A.Steps to create spider web music.B.Ways to recreate a webs 3D network.C.Challenges of combining music with science.D.The potential applications of 3D printing methods.The main idea should be summarized in your mind.Part 3.Strategies for the main idea 例2tip2:main idea=key words+summaryTa
12、sk 2:the main idea of a textPart3.Strategies for the main idea Text structureText structureTopic sentenceMatch optionA trial project by the Montreal Childrens Hospital suggested that the use of medical hypnosis（催眠催眠）can reduce pain and anxiety in patients.The project also resulted in a reduction in
13、the amount of medicines used to perform medical-imaging（医学影像医学影像)procedures.“During the examination children dont move.It works perfectly.Its amazing,said Johanne LEcuyer,a medical-imaging technologist at the hospital.The project was inspired by a French team from Rouen University Hospital Centre wh
14、ere examinationsare done under hypnosis instead of general anesthesia(麻醉）麻醉）.A French medical-imaging technologist-also a hypnotist was invited to train a few members in the medical-imaging department of the childrens hospital.In all,80 examinations were conducted for the project between January and
15、 September,2019,focusing on the imaging procedures that would cause anxiety.Hypnosis is not a state of sleep:It is rather a modified（改变的）改变的）state of consciousness.The technologistwill guide the patient to this modified statean imaginary world that will disassociate itself more and more from the pro
16、cedure that follows.“The technologist must build up a story with the patient,Ms.LEcuyer said.The patient is left with the power to choose what he wants to talk about.Do you play sports?Do you like going to the beach?We establish a subject that we will discuss throughout the procedure.Everything that
17、 happens next during the procedure must be related to this story an injection（注注射射）becomes the bite of an insect;the heat on the skin becomes the sensation of the sun and a machine that rings becomes a police car passing nearby.“The important thing is that the technologist associates what is happeni
18、ng outside the patients body with what the patient sees in his head,Ms.LEcuyer said.It requires creativity on the part of the technologist,imagination,a lot of patience and kindness.The procedure appealed to the staff a lot when it was introduced in January.It spread like wildfire thatsomeone from F
19、rance was here to train the technologists,Ms.LEcuyer said.She added that she had a line of staff at her door wanting to take the training.Para1.Present the findings of the projectPara2-8.Exlpain the process of the projectPara9.The effect of the projecttopic sentence例3 50.What is the passage mainly a
20、bout?A.An easy way to communicate with patients.B.The standard method of conducting hypnosis.C.An introduction of medical-imaging technology.D.The use of hypnosis in medical-imaging procedures.Match optionTip3:The main idea=text structure+topic sentence+key words Text structure Topic sentence 结结论论解解
21、释释 Some parents will buy any high-tech toy if they think it will help their child,but researchers said puzzles help children with math-related skills.Psychologist Susan Levine,an expert on mathematics development in young children at the University of Chicago,found children who play with puzzles bet
22、ween ages 2 and 4 later develop better spatial skills.Puzzle play was found to be a significant predictor of cognition(认知认知)after controlling for differences in parents income,education and the amount of parent talk,Levine said.The researchers analyzed video recordings of 53 child-parent pairs durin
23、g everyday activities at home and found children who play with puzzles between 26 and 46 months of age have better spatial skills when assessed at 54 months of age.“The children who played with puzzles performed better than those who did not,on tasks that assessed their ability to rotate(旋转旋转)and tr
24、anslate shapes,Levine said in a statement.The parents were asked to interact with their children as they normally would,and about half of the children in the study played with puzzles at one time.Higher-income parents tended to have children play with puzzles more frequently,and both boys and girls
25、who played with puzzles had better spatial skills.However,boys tended to play with more complex puzzles than girls,and the parents of boys provided more spatial language and were more active during puzzle play than the parents of girls.The findings were published in the journal Developmental Science
26、.Have a try 4.What is the text mainly about?A.A mathematical method.B.A scientific study.C.A woman psychologist D.A teaching program.When the explorers first set foot upon the continent of North America,the skies and lands were alivewith an astonishing variety of wildlife.Native Americans had taken
27、care of these precious natural resources wisely.Unfortunately,it took the explorers and the settlers who followed only a few decades to decimate a large part of these resources.Millions of waterfowl(水水 禽禽)were killed at the hands of market hunters and a handful of overly ambitious sportsmen.Millions
28、 of acres of wetlands were dried to feed and house the ever-increasing populations,greatly reducing waterfowl habitat.In 1934,with the passage of the Migratory Bird Hunting Stamp Act(Act),an increasingly concerned nation took firm action to stop the destruction of migratory(迁徙的迁徙的)waterfowl and the
29、wetlands so vital to their survival.Under this Act,all waterfowl hunters 16 years of age and over must annually purchase and carry a Federal Duck Stamp.The very first Federal Duck Stamp was designed by J.N.“Ding”Darling,a political cartoonist from Des Moines,lowa,who at that time was appointed by Pr
30、esident Franklin Roosevelt as Director of the Bureau of Biological Survey.Hunters willingly pay the stamp price to ensure the survival of our natural resources.About 98 cents of every duck stamp dollar goes directly into the Migratory Bird Conservation Fund to purchase wetlands and wildlife habitat
31、for inclusion into the National Wildlife Refuge System a fact that ensures this land will be protected and available for all generations to come.Since 1934,better than half a billion dollars has gone into that Fund to purchase more than 5 million acres of habitat.Little wonder the Federal Duck Stamp
32、 Program has been called one of the most successful conservation programs ever initiated.Para1.Expose a problem Para2.Solve the problemPara3.Evaluate the programtopic sentence例4 31Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?A.The Federal Duck Stamp Story B.The National Wildlife Refuge Sy
33、stem C.The Benefits of Saving Waterfowl D.The History of Migratory Bird Hunting Match optionText structure Topic sentence Tip4:a suitable title=text structure+main idea+key words+reverse thinking问问题题解解决决 Over the last seven years,most states have banned texting by drivers,and public service campaign
34、s have tried a wide range of methods to persuade people to put down their phones when they are behind the wheel.Yet the problem,by just about any measure,appears to be getting worse.Americans are still texting while driving,as well as using social networks and taking photos.Road accidents,which had
35、fallen for years,are now rising sharply.That is partly because people are driving more,but Mark Rosekind,the chief of the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration,said distracted（分心）driving was only increasing,unfortunately.Big change requires big ideas,he said in a speech last month,referring
36、 broadly to the need to improve road safety.So to try to change a distinctly modern behavior,lawmakers and public health experts are reaching back to an old approach:They want to treat distracted driving like drunk driving.An idea from lawmakers in New York is to give police officers a new device ca
37、lled the Textalyzer.It would work like this:An officer arriving at the scene of a crash could ask for the phones of the drivers and use the Textalyzer to check in the operating system for recent activity.The technology could determine whether a driver had just texted,emailed or done anything else th
38、at is not allowed under New Yorks hands-free driving laws.We need something on the books that can change peoples behavior,”said Flix W.Ortiz,who pushed for the states 2001 ban on hand-held devices by drivers.If the Textalyzer bill becomes law,he said,people are going to be more afraid to put their h
39、ands on the cell phone.Have a try 11.What is a suitable title for the text?A.To Drive or Not to Drive?Think Before You Start B.Texting and Driving?Watch Out for the TextalyzerC.New York Banning Hand-Held Devices by Drivers.D.The Next Generation Cell Phone:The Textalyzer Part 4 Summarize the strategies for the main ideas Part 5 Homework and Consolidation1.Review what we have learnt today.2.Finish the homework for further consolidation Thanks for your listening and cooperation!Wish you success!
