1、Dept. of Foreign Studies 2009-09-07 英美概况 A Survey of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland & United States of America 英美概况英美概况 Main Topics The necessity of leaning this course 1 How to learn the course more efficiently? 2 Course Arrangement 3 Books for Reference and Further Study 4 A
2、Survey of UK 1. The necessity of leaning this course The requirement of your major TEM-8 2. How to learn the course more efficiently? Pre-reading work In-class work After-class work Mass Reading Exercise A Survey of UK Chapter 1 Land and People Chapter 2 Origins of the Nation (5000BC-AD 1066) Chapte
3、r 3 Shaping of the Nation (1066-1381) Feudalism The Breakout of Black Death Chapter 4 Transition to Modern Ages (1455-1688) The War of the Roses The Glorious Revolution Chapter 5 English Civil War (1642-1649) Chapter 6 Industrial Revolution and British Empire Chapter 7 Political System Chapter 8 Edu
4、cation A Survey of USA Chapter 1 Land and People Chapter 2 The History of Colonial Period Chapter 3 American Revolution Chapter 4 American Civil War Chapter 5 American History After WWWI Chapter 6 Political System Chapter 7 Culture and Arts Books for References McCormick, J. Contemporary Britain, 2n
5、d edM. The Press of Renmin University of China, 2009. Duncan, R & Joseph, G. Contemporary America, 2nd edM. The Press of Renmin University of China, 2009. 丁国声丁国声. . 致用英语致用英语- -英语国家概况英语国家概况MM. . 外语教学与研究出版社外语教学与研究出版社, , 2008.2008. 来安方来安方. . 英美文化与国家概况英美文化与国家概况MM. . 复旦大学出版社复旦大学出版社, 2008. , 2008. 王恩铭王恩铭.
6、 . 英语国家概况英语国家概况MM. . 上海外语教育出版社上海外语教育出版社, 2008., 2008. 谢福之谢福之. . 英语国家概况英语国家概况MM. . 外语教学与研究出版社外语教学与研究出版社, 2007. , 2007. Mailbox: My QQ: 693766531 Chapter One Land and People Dept.of Foreign Studies Dept.of Foreign Studies The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (UK) Chapter 1 Land and
7、 People Main Topics Different Names for Britain 1 Major Cities-London, Edinburgh, Cardiff, Belfast 2 Geography 3 Rivers and Climate 4 Britains contribution to world English language 内圈 外圈 扩展圈 Parliamentary system Industrial Revolution Dept.of Foreign Studies 1.1. Different Names for Britain Why is E
8、ngland or the UK sometimes called Britain? When people say England, they sometimes mean Great Britain, sometimes the United Kingdom, sometimes the British Isles - but never England. England is sometimes, wrongly, used in reference to the whole United Kingdom, the entire island of Great Britain (or s
9、imply Britain), or indeed the British Isles. This is not only incorrect but can cause offence to people from other parts of the UK. Dept.of Foreign Studies Dept.of Foreign Studies What is the British Isles? The British Isles is a geographical term which includes Great Britain, the whole of Ireland,
10、and all the offshore islands, most notably the Isle of Man which has its own parliament and laws. Dept.of Foreign Studies Dept.of Foreign Studies Politically, the British Isles is made up of U.K. and Republic of Ireland. Dept.of Foreign Studies Dept.of Foreign Studies Great Britain Great Britain ref
11、ers to the largest island of British Isles which includes three political divisions: England, Scotland, and Wales. It is an island lying off the western coast of Europe, comprising the main territory of the United Kingdom. Dept.of Foreign Studies Dept.of Foreign Studies Is Great Britain the same as
12、Britain? Yes, sometimes people use the shorten name Britain instead of Great Britain. And sometimes, people just say “Britain” to refer to U.K. Dept.of Foreign Studies Dept.of Foreign Studies Where is the UK? The UK is situated north-west of the European continent between the Atlantic Ocean and the
13、North Sea. It has a total land area of 244,820 square kilometers. The UK is a member of the European Union (EU). one of the five permanent membership of the UN Security Council. a founding member of NATO. one membership of the Group of Eight. Dept.of Foreign Studies Dept.of Foreign Studies Dept.of F
14、oreign Studies Dept.of Foreign Studies What is the official name of the UK? The official name of the UK is the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. The United Kingdom is made up of: England - The capital is London. (60%) Scotland - The capital is Edinburgh . Wales - The capital is C
15、ardiff. Northern Ireland - The capital is Belfast. Numerous smaller islands Dept.of Foreign Studies Dept.of Foreign Studies 3. Major Cities London the capital of England and of Great Britain the political center of the Commonwealth a major port one of the worlds leading banking and financial centers
16、. Dept.of Foreign Studies Dept.of Foreign Studies Dept.of Foreign Studies Landmarks & Symbols of London The palace of Westminster Location of the Houses of Parliament Dept.of Foreign Studies Dept.of Foreign Studies Westminster Abbey where the King or Queen crowned the tombs of royal families and cel
17、ebrities Big Ben Dept.of Foreign Studies Dept.of Foreign Studies Landmarks & Symbols of London St. Pauls Cathedral 圣保罗大教堂 Dept.of Foreign Studies Dept.of Foreign Studies Hyde Park Tower of London Used to be the National prison Dept.of Foreign Studies Dept.of Foreign Studies Tower Bridge Buckingham P
18、alace where the King or Queen live Dept.of Foreign Studies Dept.of Foreign Studies London Eye Dept.of Foreign Studies Dept.of Foreign Studies Major CitiesEdinburgh Capital of Scotland administrative, financial, legal, medical and insurance center of Scotland beautiful scenery renowned architecture D
19、ept.of Foreign Studies Dept.of Foreign Studies Landmarks & Symbols of Edinburgh Edinburgh Castle Palace of Holyrood Dept.of Foreign Studies Dept.of Foreign Studies Major CitiesCardiff Europes youngest capital city has been the capital city of Wales for around 50 years has recently become one of the
20、most fashionable cities in the United Kingdom. Dept.of Foreign Studies Dept.of Foreign Studies Landmarks & Symbols of Cardiff Cardiff City Hall Dept.of Foreign Studies Dept.of Foreign Studies Millennium Stadium Cardiff Castle Dept.of Foreign Studies Major CitiesBelfast the second largest city capita
21、l of Northern Ireland an important historic city Dept.of Foreign Studies City Hall Dept.of Foreign Studies Dept.of Foreign Studies Belfast Castle Dept.of Foreign Studies What are people called in the UK? People in the UK are called British although they have different nationalities. Dept.of Foreign
22、Studies Dept.of Foreign Studies Dept.of Foreign Studies Commonwealth of Nations An association made up of the United Kingdom along with its dependencies and many of its former colonies (officially established in 1931 by the Statute of Westminster) Dept.of Foreign Studies 1.2 Geographical features Th
23、e UK is bordered by four seas: to the south by the English Channel, which separates it from continental Europe. to the east by the North Sea. to the west by the Irish Sea and the Atlantic Ocean. Dept.of Foreign Studies Dept.of Foreign Studies Dept.of Foreign Studies Dept.of Foreign Studies Topograph
24、y England: it consists of lowland terrain, with some mountainous terrain in the north-west, north and south- west. Scotland: Its geography is varied, with lowlands in the south and east and highlands in the north and west. Wales: Its mostly mountainous. South Wales is less mountainous than North and
25、 Mid Wales. Northern Ireland: Its mostly hilly. The north and west of Britain are mainly highlands. The east and south-east are mostly lowlands. Dept.of Foreign Studies Dept.of Foreign Studies UK Rivers Being a relatively small Island, the UKs rivers are not very long. The Severn, its longest river,
26、 is just 355 km in length, beginning in Wales and entering the Atlantic Ocean near Bristol in England. Other major rivers include the Thames, which flows through Oxford and London. Dept.of Foreign Studies Dept.of Foreign Studies Dept.of Foreign Studies Dept.of Foreign Studies In comparison with majo
27、r rivers of the world, the Thames is a very small river. It has a total length of just 338 km. The Thames begins in the gentle countryside of the Cotswold Hills in Gloucestershire, flowing eastwards and ending in the busy waterborne traffic of the North Sea. Dept.of Foreign Studies Dept.of Foreign S
28、tudies Dept.of Foreign Studies Dept.of Foreign Studies Lake District lies in the north- west England and North Wales. Dept.of Foreign Studies Dept.of Foreign Studies The Lake District, also known as The Lakes or Lakeland, is a rural area in North West England. A popular holiday destination, it is fa
29、mous for its lakes and its mountains (or fells), and its associations with the early 19th century poetry and writings of William Wordsworth and the Lake Poets. Dept.of Foreign Studies Dept.of Foreign Studies Lake Poets William Wordsworth Samuel Taylor Coleridge Robert Southey Dept.of Foreign Studies
30、 Dept.of Foreign Studies Climate Britain is an island country and the surrounding sea gives England a varied climate. We never know what the weather will be like from one day to the other. It can be sunny one day and rainy the next. As we have such a variable climate changing from day to day, it is
31、difficult to predict the weather. Dept.of Foreign Studies Dept.of Foreign Studies Temperate Climate/favorable maritime climate The overall climate in England is called temperate maritime. This means that it is mild with temperatures not much lower than 0C in winter and not much higher than 32C in su
32、mmer. It also means that it is damp and is subject to frequent changes. favorable maritime climate- winters are mild, not too cold and summers are cool, not too hot, and it has a steady reliable rainfall the whole year. Dept.of Foreign Studies Dept.of Foreign Studies Questions for after-class review
33、 Whats the differences between Britain and the British Isles, Great Britain, England, the UK and the British Commonwealth? Describe the geographical position (features) of Britain. the Pennines/ Ben Nevis/the Seven River/the Thames/the Lough Neagh What factors influence the climate in Britain. Tell the characteristics of Britains climate.
