2025届高三英语一轮复习定语从句（ppt课件）.rar

(一一)定义及相关术语定义及相关术语1.定语从句定语从句:修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。2.先行词先行词:被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。3.关系词关系词:引导定语从句的词叫关系词。引导定语从句的词叫关系词。1.关系词的三个作用：关系词的三个作用：A.引导定语从句引导定语从句;B.代替先行词代替先行词;C.在定语从句中担当一个成分。在定语从句中担当一个成分。2.关系词的选择关系词的选择“三步三步”(二二)关系词关系词关系代词用法关系代词用法 关系代词关系代词 指代指代在从句中的作用在从句中的作用 that which who whom whose as人物人物 主宾主宾 主宾主宾 主宾主宾 宾宾 定定 人人 人人人物人物 物物/整个句子整个句子 人物人物/整个句子整个句子 主宾主宾 关系副词的用法关系副词的用法关系副词关系副词指代指代在从句中的作用在从句中的作用when(=at/in/on/during which)where(=in/at which)why(=for which)时间时间时间状语时间状语地点地点地点状语地点状语原因原因原因状语原因状语限制性定语从句：限制性定语从句：1.关系代词：关系代词：who/whom/which/that/as/whose 在从句中作主、宾、表、在从句中作主、宾、表、定定.The lady _ you met on the campus yesterday is from America.This is the teacher _ teaches us maths.The money _ is in the wallet is mine.The money _ my mother gave me yesterday has been stolen.Who/whom/thatWho/thatWhich/thatthat/whichI live in the room _ window faces south.Do you know the girl _ mother works here?whosewhose2.关系副词：关系副词：when/where/why 在从句中作在从句中作状语状语.We will never forget the day _we joined the Party.This is the house _ we stayed last night.The reason _I am calling you is to invite you to a party.whenwherewhy1.I still remember the day _ we spent inthe forest.2.I still remember the day _ I first came to Beijing.3.The factory _ we will visit is large.4.The factory _ his father works is large.5.Ill never forget the time _ we work on the farm.6.This is the house _ we lived last year.that/whichwhen/on whichthat/whichwherewhen/at whichwhere/in which3.介词介词+关系代词关系代词whom/whichA.与先行词的搭配关系与先行词的搭配关系 B.与从句中谓语动词的搭配习惯与从句中谓语动词的搭配习惯We will never forget the day _we joined the Party.This is the house _ we stayed last night.The reason _ I am calling you is to invite you to a party.The book _ we learned a lot is very interesting.on whichin whichfor whichfrom whichIn the dark street,there wasnt a single person _she could turn for help.The gentle man _ you told me yesterday proved to be a thief.I bought a vase,the price _ was very reasonable.to whomabout whomof which1.限制性定语从句限制性定语从句,as既可既可指人指人,也可也可指物指物。在定。在定语从句中可做语从句中可做主语主语,宾语宾语。常用在。常用在suchas,the sameas句型中，句型中，as不可省略不可省略。Ive never heard such stories as he tells.Such people as you describe are short nowadays.This is the same thing as we are in need of.He used the same book as you.(四四)关系代词关系代词as的用法的用法 2.非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句,as可代整个主句可代整个主句,引导的引导的定语从句可以放在定语从句可以放在主句之前或主句之后主句之前或主句之后.As everyone knows,Taiwan belongs to China.众所周知众所周知,台湾属于中国的领土台湾属于中国的领土.考点：考点：as与与which引导的定语从句引导的定语从句两者均可引导非限制性定语从句，有时可以互换，区两者均可引导非限制性定语从句，有时可以互换，区别为：别为：vas可放主句之首、之中、之末。翻译为可放主句之首、之中、之末。翻译为“正如，正正如，正像像”vwhich放主句之末。翻译为放主句之末。翻译为“这件事，这种情况这件事，这种情况”She has married again,_was expected.She has married again,_was unexpected.aswhich1.先行词是先行词是最高级或者被最高级修饰最高级或者被最高级修饰时时.English is the most difficult subject that you will learn during these years.2.先行词是先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰序数词或被序数词修饰时时.It is the first American movie that I have ever seen.3.先行词前有先行词前有only/any/few/little/no/all/the very等词等词修饰时修饰时.The only thing that we can do is to give you some money.(五五)用用that而不用而不用which的情况的情况:4.先行词是先行词是 all/much/little/sth/everything/anything/nothing/none/the one等代词时等代词时.You should hand in all that you have.5.先行词即先行词即有人又有物有人又有物时时.Do you know the things and persons that they are talking about.6.主句已有主句已有疑问词疑问词who/which时时.Which is the bike that you lost?Who is the woman that was praised at the meeting?2.Which引导非限定性定语从句，其引导非限定性定语从句，其先行词可是一个词先行词可是一个词,也也可是整个可是整个主句或主句的某一部分。主句或主句的某一部分。1.She heard a terrible noise,_ brought her heart into her mouth.A.it B.which C.this D.that 2.The weather turned out to be good,_ was more than we could expect.A.what B.which C.that D.it BBThis is the place in which I lived one year age.1.在在介词后面介词后面(五五)用用which而不用而不用that的情况的情况:1.Where 不能只理解为表示地点，还可以抽象的指不能只理解为表示地点，还可以抽象的指situation/point/stage/atmosphereThe accident has reached a point where both their parents should be called in.This is the situation where you should learn first aid.2.when不能只理解为表示时间，还可以抽象的指不能只理解为表示时间，还可以抽象的指occasionThere is the occasion when the players dont know their roles.高考题链接高考题链接 五五