1、专专 题题 二二 命题点命题点1 名词词义辨析名词词义辨析3 3 命题点命题点2 名词的数名词的数4 4 命题点命题点3 名词所有格名词所有格5 5 成都考情概览成都考情概览2 2 课标知识导图课标知识导图1 1课标知识导图课标知识导图成都考情概览成都考情概览分析成都近分析成都近10年中考真题可知,名词的命题特点如下:年中考真题可知,名词的命题特点如下:名词词义辨析名词词义辨析(10年年46考考),涉及题型:选择填空和完形,涉及题型:选择填空和完形填空;考查角度:同类名词词义辨析和不同类名词词义辨析填空;考查角度:同类名词词义辨析和不同类名词词义辨析 名词的数名词的数(10年年36考考),涉及
2、题型:补全单词、完成对话、,涉及题型:补全单词、完成对话、短文填空短文填空 名词所有格名词所有格(10年年4考考),涉及题型:完成对话、短文填空,涉及题型:完成对话、短文填空命题命题点点1 名词词义辨析名词词义辨析(10年年46考,选择填空、完形填空考,选择填空、完形填空)1.No matter what difficulties you meet in life,having a positive _ will surely help.A.ability B.experience C.mind2.We can post the _ of the poor boy on the Interne
3、t so that more people can give a hand to him.A.method B.news C.knowledge小题夯基小题夯基CB3.There is no _ to make an excuse for your mistake.Youd better correct it right now.A.choice B.chance C.reason4.The Chinese Doctors is a famous movie,and I have seen it twice in the _.A.library B.cinema C.market5.Wu Me
4、ngchao,a great and ordinary _,saved lots of patients with his magic hands.A.doctor B.engineer C.writerCBA6.To keep our city clean and beautiful,the _ are always very busy cleaning the streets.A.drivers B.postmen C.cleaners7.A life without a dream is like a bird without _,which cant fly.A.wings B.eye
5、s C.legs8.In China,it is a tradition to have _ during the Spring Festival.A.noodles B.vegetables C.dumplingsCAC9.Tom is good at guessing words.He can guess words with different _ in seconds.A.letters B.sentences C.phrases10.As an ancient Chinese saying goes,“After making a good _,we should ensure th
6、at the cause achieves fruition(成果成果)”A.beginning B.end C.result11.No matter how long the _ lasts,it will be sunny in the end and you will see a beautiful rainbow(彩虹彩虹)A.sun B.wind C.rainAAC12.Remember to put the milk into the _,especially in summer,or it will go bad.A.cup B.desk C.fridge 13.In the r
7、estaurant,people usually choose food and drinks from the _A.menu B.newspaper C.bankCA14.Were supposed to have _ to face difficulties instead of being afraid of them.A.courage B.interest C.request15.I dont know how to make a speech in public.Can you give me some _?A.water B.money C.adviceAC外文素材选自外文素材
8、选自ACTIVE SKILLS FOR READING坚持自己的梦想坚持自己的梦想22yearold Michael Ha has become an example of young people because of his story of success.He was born in a very poor 16 with five people.His family moved to Britain,but they couldnt find jobs there because they spoke little English.The whole family lived in
9、a small 17 in a poor area.微语篇提能微语篇提能Growing up was not easy for Michael,but he never gave up.At the 18 of ten,he set his heart on going to Cambridge University.Michael studied at a 19 which used to be the worst in Britain.However,young Michael made up his 20 to try his best,no matter what kind of sc
10、hool he was studying at.The smart boy studied very hard and did well in every subject at school.As a result,Michael reached his 21 .Now Michael is a top medical student in Johns College,Cambridge.He hopes to be a(n)22 for other young people from disadvantaged backgrounds.()16.A.country B.village C.f
11、amily()17.A.home B.house C.boat()18.A.stage B.age C.time()19.A.school B.garden C.park()20.A.mind B.word C.love()21.A.place B.goal C.idea()22.A.interest B.example C.opinionCBBAABB命题命题点点2 名词的数名词的数(10年年36考,补全单词、完成对话、短文填空考,补全单词、完成对话、短文填空)1.可数名词有单数和复数两种形式,如:可数名词有单数和复数两种形式,如:chair,chairs。2.可数名词可以被基数词、不定冠词
12、可数名词可以被基数词、不定冠词(a/an)和和many等修饰,如:等修饰,如:sixty seconds,a month,many weeks。3.只修饰可数名词复数的修饰语:数词只修饰可数名词复数的修饰语:数词(除除one之外的基数词之外的基数词),many,a few,few,several,a couple of,a number of,a great/large number of等。等。1考向考向可数名词的数可数名词的数(10年年27考考)满分点拨满分点拨可数名词单数变复数的规则变化表可数名词单数变复数的规则变化表构成方法构成方法示示例例一般情况,加一般情况,加s(10年年8考考)s
13、tar _;gift _;invention _ 以字母以字母s,x,sh,ch等等结尾的词,加结尾的词,加esbus _;box _;watch _ 特例:特例:stomach _ 以字母以字母f或或fe结尾的结尾的词,变词,变f或或fe为为v,再加再加esleaf _;wife _;knife_;life _知 识 必 备知 识 必 备starsgiftsinventionsbusesboxeswatchesstomachsleaveswiveskniveslives构成方法构成方法示示例例以辅音字母加以辅音字母加y结尾的词,结尾的词,先变先变y为为i,再加,再加escountry _;b
14、aby _;story _;city _以元音字母加以元音字母加y结尾的词,结尾的词,加加stoy_;monkey _ 以以ce,se,ze,ge等结尾的等结尾的词,加词,加sface_;prize _;orange _ 以辅音字母加以辅音字母加o结尾的词,结尾的词,若表示有生命的加若表示有生命的加es,若表示无生命的加若表示无生命的加stomato_;hero _;photo _;piano _;zoo _;radio _ countriesbabiesstoriescitiestoysmonkeysfacesprizesorangestomatoesheroesphotospianoszo
15、osradios可数名词单数变复数的不规则变化可数名词单数变复数的不规则变化构成方法构成方法示示例例改改a为为eman _;woman _特例:特例:German_ human_ 改改oo为为eetooth_;foot _ 在词尾加在词尾加renchild _ 单复数形式相同单复数形式相同sheep;means;Chinese;Japanese常用作复数形式或常用作复数形式或只有复数形式只有复数形式noodles;scissors;trousers;thanks;clothes;goods;chopsticks其他特殊形式其他特殊形式mouse _ menwomenGermanshumanst
16、eethfeetchildrenmice1.不可数名词没有复数形式,如:不可数名词没有复数形式,如:water,meat。2.不可数名词不可以被基数词和不定冠词不可数名词不可以被基数词和不定冠词(a/an)直接修饰。直接修饰。若表示数量,可用量词加不可数名词表达,如:若表示数量,可用量词加不可数名词表达,如:a glass of water,two pieces of bread。3.只修饰不可数名词的修饰语:只修饰不可数名词的修饰语:much,little,a little,a bit of,a good/great deal of,a large amount of等。等。2考向考向不可数
17、名词不可数名词(10年年9考考)注意:注意:既可修饰可数名词又可修饰不可数名词的修饰语有:既可修饰可数名词又可修饰不可数名词的修饰语有:some,a lot of,lots of,plenty of,enough,most,hardly,any,all,the rest of等。等。中考常见的不可数名词中考常见的不可数名词类别类别示例示例物质名词物质名词液体液体orange橙汁橙汁 milk牛奶牛奶 water水水juice果汁果汁 tea茶茶 coffee咖啡咖啡食物食物bread面包面包 meat肉肉自然自然weather天气天气fire火火 rain雨雨wind风风 snow雪雪 ice
18、冰冰材料材料paper纸纸 plastic塑料塑料 gold金金silk丝绸丝绸 cotton棉花棉花知 识 必 备知 识 必 备类别类别示例示例抽象名词抽象名词 情感情感joy高兴高兴 sadness悲伤悲伤 学科学科maths数学数学 chemistry化学化学概念概念advice建议建议 information信息信息 news消息消息 knowledge知识知识 温馨提示:温馨提示:相关习题见相关习题见“微专题微专题3 名词拼写名词拼写P114”命题命题点点3 名词所有格名词所有格(10年年4考,完成对话、短文填空考,完成对话、短文填空)1考向考向s所有格所有格(10年年4考考)满分点
19、拨满分点拨类别类别构成方法构成方法示例示例有生命的有生命的名词名词不以不以s结尾加结尾加smy sisters bag以以s结尾加结尾加the students vacation类别类别构成方法构成方法示例示例表示几个人表示几个人共同拥有共同拥有在最后一个人名后加在最后一个人名后加s Lily and Marys home表示每个人表示每个人各自拥有各自拥有在每个人名后加在每个人名后加sToms and Jacks shoes用于构成用于构成不同的节日不同的节日加加s或或Childrens/Teachers Day注意:注意:(1)表示表示“店铺店铺”、“某人的家某人的家”、“诊所诊所”、“办
20、公室办公室”的名词的名词所有格后,一般省去表示地点的名词。如:所有格后,一般省去表示地点的名词。如:at the doctors(在诊所在诊所);go to my uncles(去我叔叔家去我叔叔家)。(2)一些具有名词性质的复合不定代词,如一些具有名词性质的复合不定代词,如someone,everybody等和等和else连用时,连用时,s应加在应加在else后。如:后。如:everyone elses decision(其他人的决定其他人的决定)。2考向考向of所有格所有格(近近10年未考查年未考查)用法用法示例示例表表示无生命的东西示无生命的东西the top of the hill表示表示“有关,关于有关,关于”a story of love表示部分与整体的概念表示部分与整体的概念the bottom of the sea表示抽象概念表示抽象概念the cost of living温馨提示:温馨提示:相关习题见相关习题见“微专题微专题4 用所给名词的适当形式用所给名词的适当形式填空填空P115”注意:注意:of所有格有时也可以用于有生命的东西,表示所所有格有时也可以用于有生命的东西,表示所属关系,此时,有生命的属关系,此时,有生命的of所有格可以和所有格可以和s所有格互换,所有格互换,如:如:the girls namethe name of the girl。