1、,语法：被动语态,英语动词有_和_两种语态。 概念：执行者, 承受者 句子结构： 主动语态: 被动语态:,执行者 + 动词 + 承受者. eg. I make a cake.,承受者 + 动词 + ( by+执行者). (be done),eg. A cake is made by me.,主动,被动,时态：,语态：,被,语法：被动语态 （ 一）概述：英语动词有_和_两种语态。 主动结构: He speaks English every day. 动作的执行者 动作的承受者 被动结构: English is spoken ( by him ) every day. 动作的承受者 ( 动作的执行
2、者),主动,被动,（二）主动语态变被动语态的方法 主：主语(执行者) 及物动词 宾语(承受者) 例: He cleans the blackboard every day. 被: The blackboard is cleaned by him every day., 把主动句的宾语变被动句的主语,放在被动句句首，注意宾格变主格。 谓语动词用be done表示,放在被动句主语之后。 be体现人称、数和时态。 把主动句的主语变为by的宾语，放在被动句动词之后，注意主格变宾格。“by+执行者” 通常可省略.,主动句变被句的方法：,Summary,被动句句子结构:,承受者 + be done +by
3、+执行者。,观察例句知： 1. 主动语态： 动作的执行者+_+_+其他。 2. 被动语态： 动作的承受者 +_ + _ (+ by +_)+其他。,谓语,宾语(承受者),be,过去分词,动作的执行者,主动句变被动句（一般现在时态),We clean the room every day.,主动语态:,被动语态：,every day.,The room,is cleaned,by us,主语,谓语,宾语,am/is/are+ done,They saw a film yesterday. 主语 谓语 宾语,主动语态：,被动语态：,yesterday.,A film,was seen,by the
4、m,主动句变被动句(一般过去式),was/were+ done,They should help the old. 主语 谓语 宾语,主动语态： (情态动词:can,may,must,should,will, would,could, might, have to),被动语态：,by them.,主动句变被动句(含情态动词),The old,should be helped,情态动词+be+ done,1. 一般现在时的被动语态 (1). 肯定句式：主语 (动作的承受者) +_+_ (+ _+ _)+其他。 (2).否定句式： 主语 (动作的承受者)+_ + _(+ _+ _)+其他。 (3)
5、 一般疑问句式：_ +主语 (动作的承受者) +_(+ _+ _)+其他。 2. 一般过去时的被动语态 (1) 肯定句式：主语 (动作的承受者) +_ + _(+ _+ _)+其他。 (2) 否定句式：主语 (动作的承受者)+_ + _(+ _+ _)+其他。 (3) 一般疑问句式：_ +主语 (动作的承受者) +_(+ _+ _)+其他。,am/is/ are,动词过去分词,动作的执行者,am not /isnt /arent,动词过去分词,动作的执行者,Am /Is /Are,动词过去分词,动作的执行者,动词过去分词,was/were,动作的执行者,wasnt/werent,动词过去分词,
6、动作的执行者,Was /Were,动词过去分词,动作的执行者,by,by,by,by,by,by,3. 情态动词的被动语态 (1) 肯定句式：主语 (动作的承受者)+_ + _ _(+ _+ _)+其他。 (2) 否定句式：主语 (动作的承受者)+_ + _ _(+ _+ _)+其他。 (3) 一般疑问句式：_ +主语 (动作的承受者) +_ +_(+_ + _)+其他。,情态动词,动词过去分词,动作的执行者,情态动词+not,动词过去分词,动作的执行者,动词过去分词,动作的执行者,情态动词,be,be,be,by,by,by,被动语态的句型转换同主动语态:,在am/is/are， was/
7、were， can/may/ must/should/will/would， have/ has/had 后面加 not. 将上述词提前。,练习：The bridge was built last year.,_ the bridge _last year?(变疑),The bridge _ _last year. (变否）,_ _ the bridge _?（划线提问）,wasnt,built,Was,built,When,built,was,变否定句:,变一般疑问句:,写出下列单词的过去式和过去分词。,play clean live love study try stop plan sho
8、p,-played -cleaned -lived -loved -studied -tried -stopped -planned -shopped,-played -cleaned -lived -loved -studied -tried -stopped -planned -shopped,写出下列单词的过去式和过去分词。,do go have be eat drink see write put,-did -went -had -was/were -ate -drank -saw -wrote -put,-done -gone -had -been -eaten -drunk -se
9、en -written -put,The telephone _ (invent) by Bell in 1876. The trees may _(plant) in spring. Teenagers should not _(allow) to drive. English _(speak) in Canada. Math must _ (study) well.,Finish the sentences,was invented,be planted,be allowed,is spoken,be studied,一. 句型转换。将下列句子变为被动语态。,1. We can finis
10、h the work in two days. The work _ _ _ in two days. 2. The children will sing an English song. An English song _ _ _ by the children.for Shanghai. 3. He writes a letter. A letter _ _ _ _. 4. We clean the classroom every day. The classroom _ _ every day.,can,be,will,be,is,finished,sung,written,by,him
11、,is,cleaned,Exercises,5. The Chinese people speak English. English_ _ by _ in China. 6. The people all over the world know the Great Wall. The Great Wall_ _ _the people all over the world. 7. We must water the flowers every day The flowers must _ _ by us every day. .,is,spoken,is,known,people,by,be,
12、watered,二、将下列句子改为被动语态 We plant trees every spring. Trees are planted every spring. 2. Farmers grow rice in the north. Rice is grown by the farmers in the north. 3. They built the school 30 years ago. The school was built by them 30 years ago. 4. We must get everything ready. Everything must be got r
13、eady.,5. They dont take good care of the old people. The old people arent taken good care of by them. 6. Did lots of people visit the exhibition. Was the exhibition visited by lots of people?,1.Today computers _ a great deal in many fields. A. are use B. use C. are used D. used 2. Bad things_ into g
14、ood things. A. can turned B. can be turned C. can turn D. can be turn 3. The bridge over the river _ more than fifty years ago. A. built B. was built C. has built D. is built,三. 单项选择,A,B,B,4. A new school _ in my hometown last year. A. set up B. was set up C. is set up D. sets up 5. The flying sauce
15、rs _ UFOs. A. call B. calls C. is called D. are called 6. English _ in most middle schools. A. speak B. speaks C. is speaking D. is spoken,B,D,D,7. The world has changed greatly since the first computer _. A. was made B. is made C. be made D. made 8. The Great Hall of the People _ in 1959. A. has bu
16、ilt B. is built C. was built D. built 9. The baby _ by the nurse. A. was looked after B. was looked C. looked after D. was looked at,A,C,D,10. The composition _ in after class. A. must is handed B. must be handed C. must hand D. be handed 11. The magazine may _ to the library. A. return B. is return
17、ed C. be returned D. returns 12. English _ every morning. A. read B. is readed C. is reading D. is read 13. Football _ in most middle schools in China. A. play B. plays C. is playing D. is played,B,C,D,D,带着目标努力，带着梦想飞翔,Section A 语言学习课,词汇运用 一 be made of , be made from与be made in The desk is made of wo
18、od. Paper is made from wood, too. The watch is made in China. The bike was made by Uncle Wang. 1. “由.制成”一般能看得出原材料，制作的过程中发生的是物理变化, 用_。 2. “由.制成”一般看不出原材料，制作的过程中发生的是化学变化，用_。 3. “在某地生产”用_ 4. “由某人制作”用_,be made of,be made from,be made in,be made by,eg. 1. The toy cars _ China. 2. The wine _ grapes. 3. The
19、 glass _ glass. 4. The breakfast _ my mother.,are made in,is made from,is made of,is made by,被动句的特殊情况：,1.双宾：,She gave me a book yesterday. A book _ _ _me yesterday. I _ _ a book yesterday.,She bought me a book yesterday. A book _ _ _me yesterday. I _ _ a book yesterday.,was,given,to,was,given,was,bought,for,was,bought,2.复合宾语：,I heard him sing in t
