1、1 北京市朝阳区 20202021 学年度第一学期期中质量检测 高三高三英语试卷英语试卷 2020. 11 (考试时间90分钟 满分100分) 本试卷共 10 页。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。 第一部分：知识运用（共两节，25 分） 第一节 完形填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，共 10 分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项， 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 One Mother to Another On Wednesday evening, our daughter, who was at a boarding school
2、 over 200 kilometers away, told us that she had lost her phone when she took part in an activity off campus. We realized that we had little chance of finding it. The next morning, my phone beeped (哔哔响) loudly. A kind voice announced that she had something that belonged to my daughter. I 1 that I liv
3、ed a three-hour drive away, and told her I would ask a friend to fetch the phone. My daughter had written my number on the inside of her phones casegood thinking! After contacting the people I know who lived near the school, I was out of 2 no one could go and 3 the phone, not surprisingly as it was
4、the working day and everyone was busy. I decided to ask the lady to post the phone to my daughter. But when I sent her a text to ask if this would be OK, she replied, “We will 4 it and were going to drive down to the boarding school tonight.” To my 5 , this wonderful couple, who had already spent a
5、busy day at work, was making a round trip on the night, 6 for returning a phone to a complete stranger. How touching it was! I gave them directions and they 7 the phone into the hands of my daughter at her boarding house. The only word of an explanation was, “Ive got children of my own, and I know h
6、ow a mother 8 .” We had thought that the chance of getting back the phone was 9 , but we got it back in such a short time. It was a wonderful reminder of the good in the world and how the actions of one person can 10 the world to another. 1. A. suggested B. reported C. explained D. argued 2. A. date
7、 B. luck C. work D. control 3. A. pick up B. carry out C. hand in D. give away 2 4. A. find B. show C. miss D. take 5. A. regret B. surprise C. amusement D. disappointment 6. A. especially B. certainly C. definitely D. probably 7. A. conducted B. arranged C. delivered D. identified 8. A. doubts B. i
8、nterests C. predicts D. worries 9. A. free B. slim C. hard D. fair 10. A. tell B. face C. mean D. join 第二节 语法填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分, 共 15 分） 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个适当的单词， 在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 A I love my campus very much. It has a lot of buildings traditional in Chinese style but modern
9、 in equipment. Having classes in them always _11_ (make) me feel excited with the busy world and relaxed about the long history of our nation. Out of the houses are beautiful gardens _12_ (surround) by trees. In the morning, we read aloud by the lake or behind the hill. The air is so fresh and sweet
10、 that very often I think how _13_ (luck) I am to study in such a beautiful campus. B Whales use sound to get information around them. By constantly _14_ (send) out sounds that hit underwater objects and come back, whales receive information. This way of using sound is called sonar. Recently, scienti
11、sts have found that whales _15_ (harm) by the powerful sonar coming from ships. This problem is being studied, and peoples level of awareness of the problem is _16_ (high) than ever before. Now ships around the world are trying to be more careful when using sonar. C Rules help us live together in a
12、community. At my local park, there is a sign that reads, “Keep off the grass.” Because our community has a need for a nice green space _17_ (relax), we are expected to keep our park clean and in good condition for everyones enjoyment. If one person breaks the rules, more people _18_ (follow) him and
13、 do what they want. In a community, rules are in place to protect everyone. What we do and _19_ we act affect everyone, not just ourselves. We need rules in order to live _20_ (safe). 3 第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，40 分） 第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，共 30 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡 上将该项涂黑。 A Arbeia Roman Fo
14、rt (城堡城堡) and Museum Location and History Arbeia Roman Fort is situated on Hadrians Wall. It was the most important structure built by the Romans in Britain, and now it has been a World Heritage (遗产) Site. Built around AD 160, Arbeia Roman Fort was the military supply base for the soldiers who were
15、stationed along Hadrians Wall. The fort has been gradually uncovered and some original parts have been revealed. There are reconstructions that show how Arbeia Roman Fort would have looked. The Reconstructions The reconstructions of the Commanding Officers house and soldiers quarters are strikingly
16、different. The accommodation for soldiers is dark and uncomfortable, while the Commanding Officers house is spacious and luxurious, with courtyards with fountains for him and his family to enjoy. The Museum Visit the museum and see many objects that were found at Arbeia. They are historically import
17、ant and show what daily life was really like at that time. You will see weapons, tools, jewellery, and so on. You can also discover how the Romans buried their dead and see tombstones (墓碑) which survive to this day. There is a “hands-on” area allowing visitors to dig on a certain site and study thei
18、r findings with the help of museum staff. You can piece together pottery (陶器), or try writing just as the Romans would have done. For children, they can build this ancient Roman fort with building blocks by themselves. Opening Times and Getting There April 1-October 31: Monday to Saturday 10:00am-5:
19、00pm, Sunday 2:00pm-5:00pm. November 1-March 31: Monday to Saturday 11:00am-4:00pm, closed Sunday. (Closed December 25-26 and January 1) Entry is free. Arbeia is only a ten-minute walk from the bus station at South Shields. Free car park nearby. Website: www.twmuseums.org.uk/arbeia 4 21. According t
20、o the passage, Arbeia Roman Fort _. A. was related to the military B. got reconstructions around AD 160 C. was built in a small area in Rome D. provided a comfortable life for soldiers 22. What can visitors do in the museum? A. See historical objects. B. Build tombstones for the dead. C. Write to an
21、cient Romans. D. Try using old tools and weapons. 23. What time does Arbeia Roman Fort close? A. On April 1. B. On October 31. C. On November 1. D. On December 26. B Learning to say “yes, and” When I first heard about the improvisation (即兴交流) class, I was hesitating. As a quiet and shy girl, I feare
22、d improvising in front of strangers. However, I knew I wanted to work as a science communicator after finishing my Ph.D., so it seemed like a perfect opportunity to learn how to speak and communicate with others effectively. I signed up, knowing the experience would give me help. During our first cl
23、ass, we learned an important concept of improvisation: “yes, and.” It means that, as improvisers, wed better accept what fellow performers say. If someone says that rhinos (犀牛) are librarians, for example, then rhinos are librarians. We do not question the logic; we say “yes” and then continue with
24、the scene as if nothing is wrong. The first few scenes were hard, but as weeks turned into months, I became more comfortable and even started to enjoy our classes. I became better at listening, relating to my conversation partners, and communicating clearly in the moment. Once when I was giving a pr
25、esentation about my science, an audience member surprised me with a question that didnt grow out of the information Id presented. Instead of getting confused and nervous, I took the “yes, and” approachaccepting the question and letting my mind focus on why it was asked. That helped me find an approp
26、riate answer. I got pretty excited about it. The benefits of improvisation go beyond communication. Before attending the class, I would get stuck when my experiments produced unexpected data, thinking that I had made a mistake. But now, instead of getting discouraged, I will stay open to the possibi
27、lity that the results are real, keep exploring the data and end up identifying a new type of cellone that isnt behaving as expected. I think all scientists can benefit from this lesson. If the data say rhinos are librarians, then its worth finding out whether rhinos are, in fact, librarians. As scie
28、ntists, our job isnt to challenge data that support a preconceived (先入为主的) story, but to say “yes, and.” 5 24. Why did the author attend the improvisation class? A. To get a different experience. B. To finish her Ph.D. at university. C. To give up her job as a science communicator. D. To improve her
29、 speaking and communicating ability. 25. What was the authors change after attending the improvisation class? A. She formed her own idea quickly. B. She came up with lots of creative responses. C. She paid more attention to the logic of answers. D. She became a good listener before giving an opinion
30、. 26. The author mentions applying the “yes, and” approach to her scientific experiments to _. A. explain the process of using the method B. prove the benefits of the improvisation class C. share her own research experiences with readers D. attract fellow scientists to attend the improvisation class
31、 27. What can be inferred about scientists from the last paragraph? A. They should attend the improvisation class. B. They should question all preconceived ideas. C. They should carry on research by admitting earlier data. D. They should try to improve their professional knowledge. C Success and Ris
32、k in Extreme Sports What is it that drives some to take extreme risks, while the rest of us hurry for the safety of the sidelines? Lester Keller, sports-psychology expert, says that not everyone has the mental makeup to do well in extreme sports. He notes that most of us hit a natural ceiling that l
33、imits our appetite for extreme risk in tricky conditions. But others have a much higher tolerance for risk. Keller points to a top ski racer. He told Keller that “the high element of risk makes you feel alive, tests what you are made of and how far you can take yourself”. He said he would get nervou
34、s on some of the courses, but that this would just make him fight more. Psychologists note that some people seem to have a strong desire for adrenaline (肾上腺素) rushes as a behavior seeking excited feelings. Like many extreme athletes, Emily Cooks appetite for risk appeared at a young age. “I was a gy
35、mnast,” she said. “I was one of those kids who enjoyed and did well at anything where you were upside down.” As she started doing harder tricks, she was drawn to the challenge. “There are moments when youre up there doing a new trick and it seems like an impossible thing. But overcoming that is just
36、 the coolest feeling in the world.” 6 Shane Murphy, sports professor, has worked with groups climbing Everest. “To me, that just seems like the height of risk,” he said. “But to them it was the next step in an activity that theyve prepared for years.” Murphy said the view of extreme athletes is diff
37、erent from our own. “We look at a risky situation and know that if we were in that situation we would be out of control. But from the athletes view, they have a lot of control, and there are many things that they do to minimize risk.” Another aspect of risk perception (认知) may be something referred
38、to as “the flow”, a state in which many athletes become absorbed in the acts that focus the mind completely on the present. “Something that makes you try doing a tougher climb than usual, perhaps, is that your adrenaline flows and you become very concentrated on what youre doing,” Murphy says. “Afte
39、r its over, theres great excitement.” People of different skill levels experience the flow at different times. Some may always be driven to adventures that others consider extreme. “I can enjoy hitting a tennis ball around, because thats my skill level,” Murphy says. “But others might need the chall
40、enge of Olympic competition.” 28. By using the term “natural ceiling” in Paragraph 2, Lester Keller points out that _. A. extreme athletes must learn special skills B. extreme athletes have chances to take risks C. many people dont want to do extreme sports D. many people cant limit desire for extre
41、me sports 29. What does Shane Murphy think about the mountain climbers he mentions? A. They put in lots of preparation for challenges. B. They are more fortunate than other sportspeople. C. They carry little risk when facing big challenges. D. They have special reasons that others cant easily unders
42、tand. 30. What main point is made in Paragraph 5? A. Extreme athletes use techniques other people dont use. B. Non-athletes are probably wise not to try extreme sports. C. Most people lack the focus required to take bigger risks. D. A certain state of mind makes attempting an activity more likely. 3
43、1. We can learn from the passage that _. A. risk-taking is something you either naturally do or avoid B. those who take risks are more likely to be successful in life C. extreme athletes are driven by a need to be better than others D. taking part in extreme sports is not as difficult as people thin
44、k 7 D Round and Round They Go Space is becoming more crowded. Quite a few low-Earth-orbit (LEO) satellites have been launched into the sky, which are designed to move around the Earth only a few hundred kilometres above its surface. SpaceX and OneWeb plan to launch LEO satellites in their thousands,
45、 not hundreds, to double the total number of satellites in orbit (轨道) by 2027. That promises to change things on Earth. LEO satellites can bring Internet connectivity to places where it is still unavailable. This will also be a source of new demand for the space economy. Morgan Stanley, a bank, proj
46、ects that the space industry will grow from $350 billion in 2016 to more than $1.1 trillion by 2040. New Internet satellites will account for half this increase. For that to happen, however, three worries must be overcome. Debris (碎片) is the most familiar concern. When enough satellites were packed
47、into low-Earth orbits, any collision (碰撞) could cause a chain reaction which would eventually destroy all spaceships. One solution is to grab the satellites with problems and pull them down into the Earths atmosphere. Another is to monitor space more closely for debris. But technology is only part o
48、f the answer. Rules are needed to deal with old satellites safely from low-Earth orbits. Cyber (网络的)-security is a second, long-standing worry. Hackers (黑客) could take control of a satellite and steal intellectual property, redirect data flows or cause a collision. The satellite industry has been slow to respond to such concerns. But as more of the worlds population comes to rely on the space for access to the Internet, the need for action will intensify. Measures will surely be taken to protect network security. The third i
