1、 1 上海市宝山区上海市宝山区 20182018 届高三英语上学期期末教学质量监测试题届高三英语上学期期末教学质量监测试题 II. Grammar and VocabularyII. Grammar and Vocabulary Why My Best Friend Is a BookWhy My Best Friend Is a Book Writing about beliefs is hard. It makes you reach deep into your soul and truly look at what is there. It requires time and effo
2、rt, and then hits you in the face and someone in the background says “Oh, why didnt you think of that before?” Beliefs change, they mature and grow just (21)_a child. The best beliefs are the ones that (22)_( cherish) throughout a lifetime. One belief I cherish above all others is the power and enjo
3、yment of reading. Reading can be for fun and that learning is (23)_(easy) when youre having fun. Being able to relate to the characters, imagine the conflicts in your head,and feel the characters sadness, as well as their joy, is the most amazing thing about reading. A chance to live another life fo
4、r a short time, to be another person, Reading lends the soul and mind a place (24)_(escape). I would much rather pick up a good luck than watch a television show. Reading can teach us. Whether its a fantasy novel or a historical account, you learn when you read. It provides grammar and (25)_(write)
5、language skills. Reading teaches us about emotion. Reading gives you new words and expands your vocabulary by forcing you to challenge yourself. In its own way it makes us feel the emotions of the characters. (26)_ _ _ you read, I believe you will learn, mind and soul. Reading can bring people toget
6、her. I cannot count the number of new friends and people that have entered my life because of books. My stepmother, grandmother, 2 and I all rad the same books. (27)_ is better than being able to share the tense moments, near misses, and happy endings while (28)_ (drink) a steaming cup of coffee tog
7、ether with someone. Reading allows you to lower your walls and let people in to form genuine chains. Plus people (29) _read impressive books are usually pretty cool themselves! Over the years reading has been my companion. Always with a book in my purse, I have never faced the world without a best f
8、riend by my side. Books (30)_(help) me through difficult periods and applauded me in times of celebration. Books always make me smile. Thats the biggest reason I believe in reading, because it will make you happy. Section BSection B Directions: Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in ea
9、ch blank with a proper word given in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one more word than you need. A.extent B.substance C.normal D. potential E. refreshin g F.instructions G. function H.caused I.physica l J.restor e K. mentally The discovery builds on earlier findings sho
10、wed that a class of genes called splicing (胶接) factors is progressively switched off as we age. The research team found that splicing factors can be switched back on with chemicals, making aging cells not only look _31_ younger, but start to divide like young cells. 3 The researchers applied compoun
11、ds chemicals based on a _32_ naturally found in red wine, dark chocolate, red grapes and blueberries, to cells in culture. The chemicals _33_ splicing factors, which are progressively switched off as we age to be switched back on. Within hours, the cells looked younger and started to rejuvenate, beh
12、aving like young cells. The discovery has the _34_ to lead to therapies that could help people age better, without experiencing some of the degenerative effects of getting old. Most people by the age of 85 have experienced some kind of chronic illness, and as people get older they are more prone to
13、stroke, heart disease and cancer. Professor Harries as saying, “This is a first step in trying to make people live _35_ lifetime, but with health for their entire life. Our data suggests that using chemicals to switch back on the major class of genes that are switched off as we age might provide a m
14、eans to _36_ to old cells.” Dr Eva Latorre, Research Associate at the University of Exeter, who carried out the experiments, was surprised by the _37_ and rapidity of the changes in the cells. “When I saw some of the cells in the culture dish _38_ I couldnt believe it. These old cells were looking l
15、ike young cells. It was like magic,” she said. “I repeated the experiments several times and in each case the cells rejuvenated. I am very excited by the implications and potential for this research.” 4 As we age, our tissues accumulate senescent cells which are alive but do not grow or _39_ as they
16、 should. These old cells lose the ability to correctly regulate the output of their genes. This is one reason why tissues and organs become susceptible to disease as we age. When activated, genes make a message that gives the _40_ for the cell to behave in a certain way. Most genes can make more tha
17、n one message, which determines how the cell acts. Splicing factors are crucial in ensuring that genes can perform their full range of functions. III. Reading ComprehensionIII. Reading Comprehension SectioSection An A Directions: Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four wor
18、ds or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. Cameron Buckner, assistant professor of philosophy at the University of Houston, argues in an article published in Philosophy and Phenomenological Research that a wide range of animal species e
19、xhibit so-called “ executive control” when it comes to making decisions, _41_ considering their goals and ways to satisfy those goals before acting. He acknowledges that language is _42_ for some experienced forms of higher-order thinking, or thinking about thinking. But supported by a review of pre
20、viously published research, Buckner _43_ that a wide variety of animals - -elephants, chimpanzees( 黑猩猩), ravens( 大乌鸦) and lions, among 5 others - _44_ reasonable decision-making. “ These data suggest that not only do some animals have a subjective take on the suitability of the _45_ they are evaluat
21、ing for their goal, they possess a subjective, internal signal regarding their confidence in this take can be used to select among different options,” he wrote. The question has been _46_ since the days of the ancient philosophers, as people considered what means to be human is. One way to address t
22、hat, Buckner said, is to _47_exactly what sets humans apart from other animals. Language remains a key difference between animals and humans, and Buckner notes that serious _48_ in the 1970s and 80s to teach animals human languageteaching chimpanzees to use sign language, _49_ -found that although t
23、hey were able to express simple ideas, they did not engage in _50_ thought and language structures. Ancient philosophers relied upon unreliable _51_ to study the issue, but todays researcher conduct complicated controlled experiments. Buckner, working with Thomas Bugnyar and Stephan A. Reber, mental
24、 biologist at the University of Vienna, last year _52_ the results of a result that determined ravens share at least some of the human ability to think abstractly about other minds, _53_ their behavior by attaching their own observations to others. In his latest paper, Buckner offers several example
25、s to support his _54_. His goal, Buckner said, was to organize experimental research, “to see that were gathered enough evidence to say that animals really are 6 _55_ in a unique way.” 41. A. secretly B. unintentionally C. scarcely D. consciously 42. A. required B. qualified C. acquired D. prepared 43. A. concerns B. complains C. conclude D. convinces 44. A. turn down B. engage in C. refer to D. argue about 45. A. option B. scheme C. regulation D. random 46.
