1、英语结构语法之,定语从句,结构说明,定语从句结构 关系词 介词+关系代词 限定性与非限定性,I. 定语从句的结构,先行词+关系词+从句 Do you know the man who is planting trees there? This is the kite that he made for me. 比较 We havent decided who will go there.,II. 关系词,关系代词 Who(人) 关系代词在从句中做主或宾 Which(物) That(人、物) 从句中缺主或宾用关系代词 He is Mr. Brown who teaches me English.
2、(who主语) This is the photo that he took of me.（that做宾语） I will never forget the factory that I visited yesterday.,关系副词,When(时间) 关系副词在从句中作状语 Where（地点） Why（原因） 从句中不缺主或宾用关系副词 I will never forget the day when I joined the League. This is the factory where he made the kite for me. Do you know the reason w
3、hy he didnt come. Do you believe the reason _he gave you?,that,III.介词+关系代词（whom,which） 介词来源有三：,1.根据先行词 This is the bus on which I came here. This is the room in which I live. 2.根据从句的动词 I met Mr. Green to whom the book belong. I met the patient on whom Dr. Smith did an operation. 3.根据情境加上 I am studyi
4、ng in the school, in front of which lies a lake. I our class, we have 50 students, most of whom are boys.,背熟这三句,I live in a house, whose window faces south. I live in a house, the window of which faces south. I live in a house, of which the window faces south.,IV. 限定性(限定才明白)与非限定性（不限定也明白）,1. 区别(引导非限定
5、从句跟主句间往往用逗号分开) I met your brother who is a teacher. I met your brother, who is a teacher. 2. which可指一词或一句。 I went to Hangzhou, which is a beautiful city. Bamboo is hollow, which makes it very light. 3. as 引导非限定从句可再句首，which不行 As we all know, the earth is round. As is known to us all, the earth is rou
6、nd.,补充,1. Which和 that的区别 Which（1.非限定定语从句；2.介词后） That(先行词是：1.不定代词something, anything, nothing等；2.被adj最高级修饰；3.被first, last, 和序数词修饰；4.既有人又有物。) He has done nothing that can satisfy his parents. We talked about things and persons that we could remember at school. This is the most interesting film that I
7、have ever seen. I have seen a wonderful film, from which I have learned a lot.,补充,2.定语从句中的主谓一致（与先行词一致） We live on a planet, 70% of which is covered with water. He is one of the students, who have been praised by the teacher. He is the only one of the students, who has been praised by the teacher.,1(
8、湖北高考)My mother was so proud of all _(我 所做的)that she rewarded me with a trip to Beijing.(do),答案： (that)I had done,2(湖北高考)The city_ (我成长的)is very hot and damp in summer.(grow),答案： where/in which I grew up,解析：考查由where或in which引导的定语从句；设空处用一般过去时态。,1(2010北京高考)Children who are not active or _ diet is high
9、in fat will gain weight quickly. Awhat Bwhose Cwhich Dthat,解析：此题考查定语从句。先行词为children，or连接两个并列的定语从句，第一个定语从句的引导词为who，此处考查第二个引导词，先行词children与从句中的主语diet为所属关系，故选B项。,答案： B,2(2010陕西高考)The old temple _ roof was damaged in a storm is now under repair. Awhere Bwhich Cits Dwhose,解析：此题考查定语从句。whose在从句中作定语，修饰先行词ro
10、of。句意：在暴风雨中房顶严重受损的庙宇正在维修。,答案： D,3(2011福建联考)The Gate of Fortune，from _top visitors can enjoy a wonderful sea view，will attract lots of tourists. Awhich Bwhose Cwhere Dits,解析：考查定语从句。top和先行词the Gate of Fortune存在从属关系，因此应该使用whose，whose top也可以表示为the top of which或of which the top。,答案： B,2(2011襄阳调考) Barack
11、Obama will deliver a speech to 1,000 local youths during his visit to Shanghai, _ (大多数学生来自) Fudan University and Tongji University. (belong),答案： most of whom belong to,3The settlement is home to nearly 1,000 people, _ (其中有许多离开了) their village homes for a better life in the city. (many),答案： many of w
12、hom (had) left,1(2010湖北高考) _(正 如我们强调的那样)many times，“ serve the people” is our first policy.(stress),答案： As we have stressed/As has been stressed,2(2011武汉质检)John said hed been working in the office for an hour, _ (这是真的). (true),答案： which was true,1(2011武汉质检)Its helpful to put children in a situation
13、_ (他们可以审 视) themselves differently. (see),答案： where they can see,2(2011荆州质检)I have reached a point in my life _ (我不得不) to make decisions of my own. (have),答案： where I (will) have to,3(2011宜昌模拟)Mr. Smith, _ (从 他书店)we bought a dictionary yesterday, has been working nonstop for making a donation to the
14、 poor. (whose),答案： from whose bookstore,1(2011湖北八校联考)His younger sister teaches in a secondary school, in front of _ (流淌着一条小河). (flow),答案： which flows a small river,2(2011荆州检测)We have come to the turning point _ (我们必须做出决定) to choose our own course. (decision),答案： where we must make a decision,3(2011
15、武昌区调考)Yesterday we listened to a speech made by the professor _ (他的研究旨在) improving agriculture. (aim),答案： whose research was aimed at,4(2011湖北五市联考)_ (正如 提到的) in my last letter, we can make our dreams come true by working hard. (mention),答案： As I mentioned,解析：考查as引导的定语从句。,5(2011武汉市六校联考)After graduati
16、ng from college，I took some time off to go traveling，_(结果证明是) a wise decision. (turn),答案： which turned out (to be)/turning out (to be),6(2011武汉质检) _ (正如 我们所知)，the general theory of relativity states that a black hole is a region of space from which nothing can escape. (know),答案： As we (all) know/As
17、is known to us (all),7(2011武汉市六校联考)_ (他 解释的方法) the world, indicates relations, and draws conclusions is not only surprising but also very accurate. (explain),答案： the way (that/in which) he explains,8(2011武汉市部分重点中学联考)Do you still remember the food company in _ (我父亲工作过) ten years ago? (work),答案： which
18、 my father worked,9(2011襄阳模拟)She is the only one of the girls in our class_ (通过了) the interview. (pass),答案： who has passed,10(2011荆州检测)Thank you very much. We appreciate all _ (你所做的)for us during our stay here. (do),答案： (that)you have done,11(2011武汉市部分调考)Which book belongs to you, Mary? _ (封面是蓝色的那一个
19、) over there. (cover),答案： The one whose cover is blue,12(2011武汉市部分重点中学联考)Afterwards we shall go up to the top of a hill_ (从那儿我们能够俯视) the city and the sea. (overlook),答案： from where we can overlook,13(2011武汉质检)The department to _ ( 他所属的) is in the charge of Mr. Smith. (belong),答案： which he belongs,14(2011武汉四校联考)As a child, Jack studied in a village school，_ (它以名字命名) his grandfather. (name),答案： which is named after,15(2011黄石模拟)There are various kinds of animals in Australia, _ (其中很多) cannot be found in any other country. (many),答案： many of which,
