1、书面表达之 读写任务类,读写任务型写作分为两部分： 第一部分用约30个词概括所给短文要点，文体以议论文，记叙文或说明文为主。要求在读懂的基础上概括要点。 第二部分用约120个词就短文某一主题发表看法。旨在着重考查学生的综合能力，特别是阅读写作以及思维的能力。,知识梳理,概括文章要点。 概括要求文字精简，并且要使用自己的语言来表达，不能抄袭文章中的词句。具体而言，写概括我们要注意： （一）阅读原文并要读懂文章。 只有在掌握文章大意后才能进行写作。,（二）定位中心词，找出主题句。 任务型写作要求发表议论的主题，是短文要揭示的主题。可以从命题者给出的论题里找到中心词，防止概括的要点离题。议论文或说明
2、文的主题句往往出现在开头或结尾，而记叙文往往没有现成的主题句，需要自己去归纳总结。,（三）词数控制。 把握好主要内容。写作时注意文字精练，去掉多余的细节和例子，语句尽量客观中立，就事论事，避免过多的主观倾向，避免抄袭文中的语句。时态要注意和文章的整体时态保持一致；行文流畅，关联词、过渡词都必不可少。,概括叙事性文章 主要内容一般应包括四个方面的内容： 1. 什么人？ 2. 做什么事情？ 3. 目的如何？ 4. 结果如何？,1. The passage/ story is mainly about (talks about) +名称（不能接从句） 2. The writer/author tel
3、ls us about +名称（不能接从句） 3. The passage narrates that +从句,故事性阅读材料，应该用最简练的语言来说明故事讲述了什么，最好讲述该故事给你的启示或其中的一个道理。,阅读下面短文，然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。 【写作内容】 1. 以约30个词概括上文的主要内容。 2. 以约120个词描述“文明交往距离规定”的利 弊，并谈谈你对异性交往的看法。 【写作要求】 作文中可以参照阅读材料的内容，但不得 直接引用原文中的句子。 2. 作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。,【范例】2014江苏调研,An increasing number of s
4、tudents fall in love at an early age and create problems with their studies, which has aroused the schools attention. A middle school has set a “distance for civilized communication“ between boy and girl students. Boys and girls should keep a distance of at least 50 centimeters when they talk in pub
5、lic, otherwise they will be criticized or get an even severer punishment, says an article in Beijing News.,It seems that the school has passed the school regulation to prevent girls and boys from falling in love at an early age and creating problems for the school authorities. Some teachers and pare
6、nts approve of the regulation because it is of vital importance to the teenagers study. However, many experts say the problem, if it is one, can be better solved through communication.,It is natural for a teenager to have a feeling of love on someone from the opposite sex. It is natural for girls an
7、d boys to be attracted to each other as they mature sexually. In fact, normal communication between boy and girl students is good not only for their emotional development and personality refinement, but also for their relationship when they grow up.,An increasing number of students fall in love at a
8、n early age and create problems with their studies, which has aroused the schools attention. A middle school has set a “distance for civilized communication” between boy and girl students. Boys and girls should keep a distance of at least 50 centimeters when they talk in public, otherwise they will
9、be criticized or get an even severer punishment, says an article in Beijing News. It seems that the school has passed the school regulation to prevent girls and boys from falling in love at an early age and creating problems for the school authorities. Some teachers and parents approve of the regula
10、tion because it is of vital importance to the teenagers study. However, many experts say the problem, if it is one, can be better solved through communication.,1. 什么人？ A middle school 2. 做什么事情？ has set a “distance for civilized communication” 3. 目的如何？ to prevent students from falling in love at an e
11、arly age 4. 结果如何？ has caused different opinions,From the article, we know a school has set a regulation about civilized communication between boys and girls to prevent students falling in love at an early age, which has caused different opinions. (33 words),One possible answer: (概括主要内容而非细节性描述),From
12、the article, we know a school has set a regulation about civilized communication between boys and girls to prevent students falling in love at an early age, which has caused different opinions. Obviously, the regulation has its advantages and disadvantages. In our daily school life some students can
13、t resist the opposite genders attraction, disturbing themselves. With such a school rule carried out, its of great help for them to take control of themselves and realize the harm of abnormal communication.,Meanwhile, however, its not good for the students emotional development and normal relationsh
14、ip. Personally, I hold a right attitude towards communication with the opposite gender. Ill get on well with my classmates no matter whether they are boys or girls, but keeping a certain personal distance is extremely necessary. Its of great importance for me to bury myself in my school work before
15、I regret only because of my puppy love.,Usually the beginning of a summary is:,1. The passage mainly discusses that 2. We can know from the passage that 3. As far as the author is concerned, 4. In the passage, the author mainly stressed that,议论文的阅读短文，则要尽可能客观简要地转述阅读材料的观点，而非描述细节。,阅读下面短文，然后按照要求写一篇150词左
16、右的英语短文。 【写作内容】 1. 约30个词概括上文的主要内容。 2. 约120个词谈谈对平凡工作的想法，内容包括： (1) 描述清洁工工作的艰辛; (2) 假如没有清洁工，环境会变得如何? (3) 你对平凡工作者的看法。 【写作要求】 作文中可使用亲身经历或虚构故事，也可参照 阅读材料内容，不得直接引用原文中的句子。 2. 不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。,To many people even the word “work” sounds unpleasant, not necessarily because they are lazy. The same man, who dislikes
17、 his job in the factory or even in the office, may work hard at the weekend, painting the house or digging the garden. What is the reason, then? In most cases, it is because these people simply do not enjoy the job they are doing. It does not give them any real satisfaction. It may be quite easy, li
18、ke making up wooden boxes, but it is very boring. Very often they are doing a job which is just a small part of a much larger one, such as attaching a door handle to a car. But the part they play in actually making the car is so small that they can never say: I have made something! Yet in modern soc
19、iety somebody has to do ordinary jobs such as cleaning streets because this is the way society is organized. No matter how ordinary a job is, it plays a part in society and therefore deserves our due respect. Society cannot function a single day without the “dull and boring” jobs.,In the passage, th
20、e author mainly stressed the importance of small and ordinary work, such as cleaning the street because of their essentiality for the organization of the society, and thinks those doing such jobs should be respected greatly.,There is no doubt that what a cleaner does is more harder compared with any
21、 other jobs in the society. On one hand, they must get up in the early morning every day to clean the street while we are sill in the sweet sleeping dreams. On the other hand, they also suffer from less respect and lower pay, working all day on the street no matter it is sun shines strongly or snow,
22、 wind heavily.,Nobody could imagine what a bad environment we would live in if there were no cleaners in the city. Wherever we go, there is rubbish. Maybe we would soon be drowned in the mountain of rubbish. Even worse, if there were no change about that, diseases would spread at a very quick speed.
23、 Is there anything that can be worse than this!,From the above, I can draw the conclusion safely that even the smallest and the most ordinary job, such as cleaning the street is also the necessary part to keep the society going smoothly. Consequently, those who do those most insignificant jobs should get respected as much as those being engineers or doctors.,说明性短文, 必须用概括的文字来说明某种现象。,1. It is st
