1、 五年级下学期知识点五年级下学期知识点 【重点语法】 一现在进行时 1. 定义：表示正在发生、进行的动作或存在的状态。 2. 判断时态的关键词： （1） Look， Listen, Its+ 时间. （2） now 注意：now 也可以用于一般现在时。 e.g. Lets go to school now. We live in China now. 3. 基本构成：主语+ be 动词+现在分词 （1） 陈述句(肯定句) 主语be(am, is, are)+现在分词，如： I am reading English.我正在读英语。 He is writing. 他正在写字。 You are ru
2、nning.你正在跑步。 （2） 一般疑问句 Be(Am, Is, Are)+主语现在分词，如： -Are you singing? 你正在唱歌吗？ -Yes, I am. 是的，我在唱歌。 No, Im not. 不，我不在唱歌。 -Is he (she) listening to music? 他(她)在听音乐吗？ -Yes, he (she) is. 是的，他(她)在听音乐。 No, he (she) isnt. 不，他(她)不在听音乐。 （3） 特殊疑问句 疑问词be (am, is, are)主语现在分词，如： 1. -What are you doing? 你正在干什么？ -I a
3、m doing my homework. 我正在做作业。 2. -What is he (she) doing? 他(她)正在干什么？ -He (She) is riding a bike. 他(她)正在骑自行车。 4. 现在分词的变化规律 （1） 在一般情况下，在动词原形后直接加ing。 go going; do doing; ask asking; 特别要注意：动词词尾如为“辅音字母 + y” 时不变，在其后直接加ing。 study studying; carry carrying; fly flying; worry worrying; （2） 在以不发音的 e 结尾的动词后，去掉 e
4、，再加- ing。 come coming live living （3） 以重读闭音节结尾的动词，而末尾只有一个辅音字母时，将这个辅音字母双写（x 除外），然后再 加 ing. sit sitting; run running; begin beginning; d）在少数几个以ie 结尾的动词后：须将ie 变作 y，再加- ing。 die dying; tie tying lie lying 现在分词构成口诀归纳成九个字“直接加，去直接加，去 e 加，双拼加加，双拼加”。 5. 现在分词和动名词（两者都是动词词尾+ing） (1) 现在分词常见于现在进行时，出现在 be 动词后。 如：W
5、e are having a party. (2) 动名词常用于一些固定搭配，如:No swimming, go fishing, like dancing, be good at cooking 表示爱好时，要用动名词，如：My hobbies are singing and drawing. 动名词可以做主语，标题，如：Doing exercise is a good way to keep fit. 做操是减肥的好方法。 (3) 现在分词修饰名词时，表示动作正在发生。 如：a swimming boy 一个正在游泳的男孩， a sleeping child 一个正在睡觉的孩子。 动名词修
6、饰名词时，表示该名词的用途， 如：a swimming suit 一件游泳衣， a sleeping car 卧车（被用来睡觉的车厢） 二、介词 at、in 和 on 表示地点、场所、位置等, 有以下用法： 1. 表示某一点位置，用 at.如： We live at No 87 Beijing Road. 我们住在北京路 87 号。The hospital is at the end of the street. 医院在这条街的尽头。与 名词所有格连用表示地点，也用 at.如： at my sisters 在我姐姐家 at the doctors 在医务室 2. 表示空间或范围，用 in.如：
7、 Whats in the box? 这盒子里有什么? He lives in Paris with his wife. 他同他妻子住在巴黎。 3. at 与 in 的另一个区别是：at 用于指较小的地方，而 in 用于指较大的地方，如： in Shanghai 在上海 at the station 在车站 4. 介词 on 用于地点，主要指在某物的表面，如： Whats on the table? 桌上有什么？ Theres a wallet lying on the ground. 地上有个钱包。 注：在少数搭配中，也用介词 on，如： He works on a farm. 他在农场工作
8、。 在某些搭配中,三者的区别与英国英语和美国英语有关： in the street (英) / on the street (美) 在街上 in the road (英) / on the road (美) 在路上 in the team (英) / on the team (美) 在这个队 at the weekend (英) / on the weekend (美) 在周末 at weekends (英) / on weekends (美) 在周末 有时三者的差别与搭配习惯和用法有关： in bed / on the bed 在床上 in the tree（多指树外之物） / on the
9、 tree（多指树本身之物）在树上 三、关于节假日 1 . 节日名称 （除了 the 以外，单词首字母要大写） (1)在由 festival 构成的我国传统节日名词前用 the。 如：the Spring Festival, the Lantern Festival(元宵节), The Dragon Boat Festival, the Mid-Autumn Festival, the Double Ninth Festival (2)由 day 构成的节日名词前不用 the。 如：May Day(劳动节), Childrens Day, Mothers Day, Teachers Day,
10、New Years Day(元旦) 2 . 节日前的介词 ( 1 ) 以 day 构成的节日前用 on 如：on May Day, on Christmas Day. ( 2 ) 其他节日前用 at 如：at the Spring Festival, at Christmas 3 . in January or February 在一月或二月 (1) inor为固定词组，与月份连用，意为“在.月或者月” inor与地点连用，意为“在某地或某地”。 如：Is she in the school or at home? 她在学校还是在家？ (2) inand与月份连用，意为“在.月和月” 如：Th
11、e summer holiday is in July and August. 暑假在七月和八月。 inand与地点连用，意为“在某地和某地” 如：Her new factories are in Beijing and Shanghai. 她的新厂在北京和上海。 4 . 月份前的介词 ( 1 ) 只有月份，用 in,如： in May 在五月 ( 2 ) 有具体日期，用 on, 如：on the first of May 在五月一日 5 . Mothers Day 和 Teachers Day 的区别 (1) 母亲节(每年五月的第二个星期日)和父亲节（每年六月的第三个星期日）是纪念各自的母亲
12、和父亲， 而非泛指全天下的父母，因而用单数形式s。 (2) 教师节（9.10）、护士节（5.12）都是泛指庆祝全体的节日，用复数形式 s。 (3) 儿童节和妇女节也是泛指的节日，用复数形式，但由于本身复数形式比较特别，因此结 尾还是s, Childrens Day, Womens Day. 6 . 其他节日 复活节（春分后第一个周日） Easter Day 愚人节(4.1) April Fools Day 清明节（4.5）Tomb-sweeping Day 中国青年节（5.4）Chinese Youth Day 中国国庆节（10.1）National Day 感恩节（11 月第 4 个周四）T
13、hanksgiving Day 四、关于日期 1. 序数词及其缩写形式 1. first(1st) 5. fifth(5th) 2. second(2nd) 6. sixth(6th) 3. third(3rd) 7. seventh(7th) 4. fourth(4th) 8. eighth(8th) 9. ninth(9th) 10. tenth(10th) 11. twelfth(12th) 12. fifteenth(15th) 13. eighteenth(18th) 14. twentieth(20th) 15. twenty-first(21st) 16. twenty-seco
14、nd(22nd) 17. twenty-third(23rd) 18. thirtieth(30th) 19. fortieth(40th) 20. fiftieth(50th) 21.sixtieth(60th) 22.seventieth(70th) 23.eightieth (80th) 24.ninetieth(90th) 25.thirty-third(33rd) 26. forty-fourth(44th) 27. ninety-ninth(99th) 28. one hundredth(100th) 2. What date is it 和 Whens的句型区别 (1) What
15、 date is it today?=Whats the date today?用于询问日期，意为今天几号。 其答句结构为: Its the+ 日期(序数词) of 月份。 如 : What date is it today? Its the second of June. 今天是几号? 今天是六月二日。 (2) Whens用于询问在何时，意为何时是.。 其答句为：Its on the +日期(序数词) of 月份。 如：Whens your birthday? Its on the second of June. 何时是你的生日? 在六月二日。 3. 日期的表达方式 (1) 月份只有在与日期
16、一起使用时采用缩写，一般不单独使用。 (2) 缩写形式： 书写时，可以省略序数词前的 the 和后面的-st,-nd,-rd, -th 等, 如：1(st) Oct, Oct. 1(st)。 但读是，仍要完整读作 the first of October 或 October (the) first. (3) 日期的书写格式： 英式(日/月/年) 美式（月/日/年） 3 August (Aug.) 2005 August (Aug.) 3, 2005 =3rd August(Aug.) 2005 = August(Aug.) 3rd , 2005 现在进行时练习卷现在进行时练习卷 一、用现在进行
17、时完成下列句子 1. you (fly) a kite? Yes, . 2. you (sit) in the boat? 3. he (talk) with me? 4. We (play) football now. 5. What you (do)? 6. I_ (sing) an English song. 7. What he (mend)? 8. He (mend) a car. 9. These boys (play) tennis on the playground. 10. My mother (cook) in the kitchen. 11. We cant help y
18、ou,because we (have )classes. 12. the boy (write) his homework? 13. Look! These butterflies (fly) in the sky. 14. Listen! The girl (sing) in the next room. 15. The naughty boy (swim) in the river. 二、选择题 （ ）1. Look. Lucy is a new bike today. A. jumping B. running C. riding D takeing （ ）2. The childre
19、n football. A. is playing B. are playing C. play the D. play a （ ）3. They TV in the evening. They do their homework. A. are watching B. cant watching C. dont watch D. dont watching （ ）4. Listen! She in the classroom. A. is singing B. sing C .to sing D. is sing （ ）5. are you eating? Im eating meat. A
20、. What,some B. Which,any C. Where,not D. What,a （ ）6. Is she something? A. eat B. eating C. eatting D. eats （ ）7.My dictionary . I have looked for it everywhere but still it. A. has lost,dont find B. is missing,dont find C. has lost,havent found D. is missing,havent found. （ ）8.Having a computer for
21、 personal use is not a easy task because technology so rapidly. A. is changing B. has changed C. will have changed D. will change （ ）9. The building ,I cant stand the noise. A. was being built B. is built C. is being built D. builds （ ）10. I cant catch up with the fashion,because the clothes style a
22、ll the time. A. has changed B. is changed C. is changing D. changed （ ）11. Its six in the afternoon. The Greens lunch together. A. has B. are having C. have had D. had had （ ）12. Dont make any noise while the students to the class. A. are listening B. listened C. have listened D. had listened （ ）13.
23、 Jack and Ketty_ in the lake. Lets join them,shall we? A. swim B. have swum C. swam D. are swimming （ ）14. Look! The children basketball on the playground. A. plays B. played C. is playing D. are playing （ ）15. The kite high in the sky now. It looks like a big bird. A. has flown B. is flying C. was
24、flying D. flew （ ）16.As we all know,the population in the world faster and faster. A. is grown B. is growing C. are grown D. are growing （ ）17. To my surprise,he in class. A. is always speaking B. would always speak C. has always been speaking D. does speak always （ ）18. I want to know when he for N
25、ew York tomorrow. A. has left B. is leaving C. had left D. has been leaving （ ）19. He of how he can do more for the people. A. had always thought B. is always thinking C.has always been thought D. thinking always （ ）20. Forests and burned at such a speed that they will disappear from the earth in th
26、e future. A.cut B. are cut C. are being cut D. had been cut 三、按要求完成下列句子 1. Mike is helping his parents. (改为一般疑问句) 2. They often do their homework in the evening. (用 she 替换 they) 3. He is sleeping in the bedroom. (对划线部分提问) 4. My sister listens to music every day.(把 every day 改为 now ） 5. He is singing
27、 in his room. (对划线部分提问) . 参考答案： 一、用现在进行时完成下列句子 1. Are ,flying,I am 2. Are, sitting 3.Is,talking 4. are plying 5.are,doing 6.am singing 7. is,mending 8. is mending 9. are plying 10.is cooking 11. are having 12. Is ,writing 13. are flying 14.is singing 15. is swimming 二、选择题 C B C A A B D A C C B A D D B B A B B C 三、按要求完成下列句子 1. Is Mike helping his parents? 2. She often does her homework in the evening. 3. What is he doing in the bedroom? 4. My sister is listening to music now. 5. Where is he singing?
