1、 - 1 - 人教版（人教版（2019）选择性必修第一册英语单元测试）选择性必修第一册英语单元测试 AB 卷卷 Unit 5 B 卷卷 能力提升能力提升 一、阅读理解 1. In 2011, during his freshman year at the University of Maryland, Simon was struck by how much food was thrown away in the college cafeteria. I was shocked to see someone buy a full sandwich, eat half of it, and th
2、row the other half out, said Simon. It was not the value I grew up with. For him, discarded food was a natural goldmine where he could source to do good. Four years later, Simon co-founded Imperfect Produce, a subscription-based home-delivery service for discounted ugly fruits and vegetables that ar
3、e perfectly good on the inside, but otherwise rejected from the food supply chain for their looks. Up to 20% of the fruits and vegetables grown on farms in America are thrown away because the produce doesnt meet grocery stores standards, said Simon. Its often for discoloration, scarring on the surfa
4、ce caused by the fruit rubbing against a tree limb or an atypical shape, he said. Sometimes its the size. Simon, 29, and Chesler, 27, decided to source this ugly produce directly from farms and deliver it to customers for about 30% less than conventional grocery store prices. The reason why we creat
5、ed Imperfect Produce as a direct-to-consumer business is because grocery stores didnt want to partner with us, said Simon. So we became our own store. The San Francisco-based service launched in August 2015. Today, Imperfect Produce has more than 200, 000 subscribers in 22 cities. The company source
6、s its produce from 250 growers nationwide, and slightly more than half of it is organic. To date, Simon said the service has helped recover 40 million pounds of food from going to waste. Simon declined to disclose income but said this years sales are expected to double last years. The business is no
7、t yet profitable, but he hopes to expand the service to 40 cities by the end of 2019 and eventually take the company public at some point. 1.Why are many fruits and vegetables wasted? A.They are not tasty. B.They are poorly looking. C.They are not nutritious. D.They are not good inside. - 2 - 2.What
8、 made Simon create Imperfect Produce as a direct-to-consumer business? A.Relatively high prices offered by him. B.His desire to offer convenient service to others. C.The wish to set up his own business. D.Grocery stores refusal to cooperate with him. 3.What can be inferred about Simon? A.He thinks a
9、 lot about the wasted food. B.He wants to help the poor. C.He expects to make profits from his business. D.He has expanded his service to 40 cities. 2. Having trouble telling one furry panda from another? A facial recognition app will make it easy for you. The app is developed by the Chengdu Researc
10、h Base of Giant Panda Breeding along with researchers in Singapore Nanyang Technological University and Sichuan Normal University. You no longer need to worry about making the pandas angry by calling them by the wrong name, the Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding wrote on Weibo, as it anno
11、unced its new giant panda facial recognition app. Visitors to the panda base in Chengdu, capital of Sichuan, will be able to scan the pandas face with the mobile app to get information about that particular bear. Its good news for those with face blindness for giant pandas. The image analysis resear
12、ch kicked off in 2017. A database now contains about 120,000 images and 10, 000 video clips of giant pandas. Close to 10,000 panda pictures have been analyzed, marked and annotated (注释).Using the database, researchers are able to carry out automatic facial recognition on panda faces to tell one anim
13、al from another. Its not just a gimmick (噱头)for tourists, though. Researchers say the technology will help them analyze data on pandas both in captive and the wild. The app and database will help us gather more precise and well-rounded data on the population, distribution, ages, gender ratio, births
14、 and deaths of wild pandas, who live in deep mountains and are hard to track, said an expert. It will definitely help us improve efficiency and effectiveness in conservation and management of the animals. 1.If you call a panda by the wrong name, it will be _. - 3 - A.excited B.worried C.unhappy D.pu
15、zzled 2.What will tourists do if they want to know a particular panda? A.Log on the zoos website and search for it. B.Use you mobile to scan the pandas face. C.Ask the zoo keepers about it. D.Read the introduction of the panda. 3.What does the expert think of the app? A.It is of little help. B.It is
16、 very useful. C.It is just a gimmick. D.It needs improving. 4.What could be the best title for the passage? A.Facial recognition app can identify pandas B.Easy way to tell one panda from another C.Pandas are difficult to identify D.Good news for face blindness 3. Like people, plants experience stres
17、s. And also, like people, the response to that stress can determine success. Bad environmental conditions, such as drought, flood, heat and other stresses, affect yields(产量) more than crop pests and diseases. We are trying to find a way to equip plants with the ability to tolerate environmental stre
18、ss and maintain high yields, said Stephen Howell, a professor of genetics and cell biology. Plant cells produce proteins (蛋白质) and ship them to different parts of the cell. Under normal conditions, these proteins are folded into their normal, healthy structures as they are produced. When a plant is
19、under stress, its cells produce poorly folded or unfolded proteins. Then a built-in system senses this and sets off an alarm in the cell, said Howell. In response to the alarm, another protein (IRE1) starts working and creates a different process which activates (激活) the stress response genes whose
20、products bring about defensive measures that help the plant survive. As it turns out, responses that are activated under stressful conditions actually inhibit the growth of plants, said Howell. This allows them to preserve their energy to survive the stressful conditions. For plants in the wild, thi
21、s response is a help for survival, he said. In production of agricultural crops, however, this response reduces yields. You dont want crop plants to stop growing, Howell said. You want them to continue to grow and produce more even though they are under stress. - 4 - With the new understanding of th
22、is stress response, the next step may be to silence the alarm system, said Howell. What may be important is to disable some of these stress responses. That may make the plant more productive under stressful conditions. 1.According to the text, an alarm in the plant cell is caused by _. A.the folded
23、proteins B.the changed proteins C.the defensive measures D.the stress response genes 2.The energy preserved in the plants under stressful conditions _. A.helps the plants to survive B.helps to maintain high yields C.keeps the plants growing D.helps to produce proteins 3.The underlined word inhibit i
24、n Paragraph 5 can be replaced by _. A.prevent B.start C.continue D.promote 4.How does Howell intend to make crop plants maintain high yields under stressful conditions? A.By making crop plants keep more energy. B.By making crop plants stop growing. C.By making the alarm system stop working. D.By mak
25、ing the alarm system respond quickly. 4. The meaning of the word volunteer may be a little different in different countries, but it usually means one who offers his or her services. There are many different ways in which people can volunteer, such as taking care of sick people, working in homes for
26、homeless children, and picking up garbage from beaches and parks. Volunteers may work within their own countries or in other countries. They are often people with a strong wish to help those who are less fortunate than themselves. Volunteers dont expect any kind of pay. At the root of volunteering i
27、s the idea that one person may have the ability to offer services that can help other people. Tracy, a good friend of mine, however, recently came back from India with a new idea of what being a volunteer means. She worked for two and a half weeks in one of Mother Teresas homes in Calcutta. The foll
28、owing is her story. I first heard about Mother Teresa in my high school. We watched a video about her work in India and all over the world. I was so moved by her spirit to help others and her endless love for every human being that after I graduated from high school, I also wanted to try her kind of
29、 work. So with two friends, I flew to Calcutta for a few weeks. I was asked to work in a home for sick people. I helped wash clothes and sheets and passed out lunch. I also fed the people who were too weak to feed themselves and tried to cheer them up. I felt - 5 - it was better to share with them t
30、han to think that I have helped them. To be honest, I dont think I was helping very much. It was then that I realized that I had not really come to help, but to learn about and experience another culture that helped improve my own understanding of life and the world. 1.According to the text, what do
31、es a volunteer refer to? A.A person who is willing to help those in need without pay. B.A person who can afford to travel to different places. C.A person who has a strong wish to be successful. D.A person who has made a big fortune in life. 2.Why did Tracy choose to be a volunteer? A.She liked to wo
32、rk with Mother Teresa. B.She had already had some experience. C.She was asked by Mother Teresa. D.She wanted to follow Mother Teresas example. 3.What is Tracys new idea (in Paragraph 2) of being a volunteer? A.Going abroad to help the sick. B.Working in Mother Teresas home. C.Doing simple things to
33、help the poor. D.Improving oneself through helping others. 4.What is the best title for the passage? A.How to Be a Volunteer B.Voluntary Life in India C.A Different Meaning of Volunteer D.Inspiration from Mother Teresa 二、七选五 Many countries have traditional dishes, made with special ingredients and p
34、repared in a certain way. _, and when tourists visit, these are the foods they want to try. But why are some foods more popular than others in certain areas? Traditional ingredients Typical recipes (食谱) are usually made with native plant and animal products. For example, Chinese dishes often include
35、 rice and soybeans because both plants are native to East Asia and grow well in hot, wet areas. In contrast, wheat grows well in drier areas, like the Middle East, where bread is a common staple food. _, whereas inland cuisines tend to use more meat from farm animals. Food preservation - 6 - Local c
36、uisines often depend on how people traditionally prepared food for storage. In warm weather, meat and fish can go off quickly, so they must be cooked right away or preserved for later. _ For that reason, modern Norwegian cuisine includes many smoked foods. Cooking techniques _. In China, people ofte
37、n fry food in a deep metal pan or steam it in a basket over hot water. In Morocco, people cook traditional dishes in a special pot called a tajine. And some local dishes arent cooked at all. Imported (进口的进口的) ingredients Sometimes local cuisines include ingredients that originally came from another
38、place. _, while many Russian dishes are made with potatoes. However, all of these ingredients were brought to Europe from South America in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries. But now they are common around the world. A. Seafood is often a key ingredient in coastal areas B. There is a danger that
39、local food traditions will be lost C. Many different cooking techniques are used around the world D. For example, Italian dishes often include tomatoes and peppers E. These local dishes can become symbols of a place and its culture F. Nowadays, we can buy food products from all around the world G. I
40、n Norway, the Vikings used to cure meat and fish by smoking them over a fire 三、完形填空 When I was a college student, I did a lot of traveling abroad. That was because a professor 1 me to do so. She said, To travel around the world can 2 your knowledge through actual experiences and make you have fun. I
41、 3 her. Since I started to work for a 4 company, however, I have done most of my traveling through the Internet. With the help of the Internet, I have also got 5 about food in different countries. Therefore, I was beginning to feel that actual trips were 6 necessary until I happened to read a famous
42、 chefs comment on the Internet. He said, When we enjoy food and the 7 around us at the same time, why dont you fly over to Italy and enjoy real Italian 8 ? Those words reminded me of my 9 advice. As information technology 10 , you might be able to do it without - 7 - making a real trip. But this als
43、o means that you will miss the various 11 you can get from traveling. Today there are people who 12 direct communication with others and spend much of their time on the Internet. It is not surprising to see a group of people 13 not with each other but into their microphones. However, we should never
44、 let it 14 our time for face-to-face communication. Lets make use of information technology more 15 , and have great fun in experiencing the actual world. 1.A.promised B.allowed C. impressed D. encouraged 2.A.build up B.use C. practice D. exchange 3.A.agreed with B.learn from C. followed D. obeyed 4
45、.A.car B.food C. clothing D. machine 5.A.information B. taste C. cooks D. advertisements 6.A.even more B.no longer C. much D. actually 7.A.people B.drink C. atmosphere D. environment 8.A.shoes B. dishes C. customers D. situations 9.A.friends B. parents C. professors D. boss 10.A.produces B. advertis
46、es C. forms D. advances 11.A.news B. pleasures C. troubles D. places 12.A.avoid B. keep C. lose D. enjoy 13.A.meeting B. talking C. communicating D. traveling 14.A.spare B. increase C. reduce D. use 15A.wisely B. correctly C. quickly D. slowly 四、语法填空 Earth Day is an event _ (annual) celebrated on Ap
47、ril 22. _ (found) by Senator Gaylord Nelson, an American statesman and environmentalist, it was originally aimed at helping the public to know the current situation of air and water pollution and _ (get) people to care about the earth. In 1962, Rachel Carsons bestselling book Silent Spring created a
48、n _ (aware) of the dangerous effects of pesticides (农药). Then, a fire, _ broke out in 1969 on Clevelands Cuyahoga River, shed light on the problem of chemical pollution in water. Senator - 8 - Gaylord Nelson dreamed of _ similar large event that would get people to take environmental issues seriously. In 1969, he was inspired by protests against the Vietnam War and came up with the idea for Earth Day. In the fall of 19
