1、 1 2019 年新版必修一年新版必修一 Unit 5 Languages around the world 语法与写作语法与写作 教案教案 课前小测：课前小测： 一单句改错 1.The reason why he gave for his being late at the meeting wasnt accepted by his boss. 2.My computer, with which I cant search information,broke down yesterday. 3.Maria has written two novels, both of whom have b
2、een made into television series. 4.The car which window got broken in the accident belongs to Mr Brown. 5.The number of the people whom come to visit the city each year has risen to one million. 答案：答案：1.why 去掉或者改为去掉或者改为 that/which 考查定语从句。此处考查定语从句。此处含有定语从句含有定语从句,先行先行 词为词为 The reason,但是定语从句中缺少的是但是定语从句
3、中缺少的是 gave的宾语的宾语,因此需用关系代词因此需用关系代词 which 或者或者 that,在定语从句中作宾语在定语从句中作宾语,也可以省略。也可以省略。 2.withwithout 考查介词搭配。此处指没有电脑就不能搜索信息考查介词搭配。此处指没有电脑就不能搜索信息,需用介词需用介词 without。 3.whomwhich 考查定语从句。先行词为考查定语从句。先行词为 novels,指物指物,both of 后的关系代词用后的关系代词用 which。 4.whichwhose 考查定语从句。句中指的是车子的窗户破了考查定语从句。句中指的是车子的窗户破了,关系代词需修饰关系代词需修饰
4、 window,意为意为“的的”,需用关系代词需用关系代词 whose。 5.whomwho/that 考查定语从句。先行词为考查定语从句。先行词为 the people,指人指人,关系词在从句中关系词在从句中 作主语作主语,需用需用 who 或者或者 that 引导。引导。 二请根据汉语意思升级句子 2 1.我喜欢花园里这些漂亮的花。 I love flowers. I love . 2.他们买了一套带有花园的又大又宽的房子。 They bought a house. They bought . 3.看树上那只漂亮的鸟。 Look at the bird. Look at . 4.他说话声音
5、很大。 Hes speaking. Hes . 5.我的话让他高兴得像个孩子。 My words made him happy. My words made him . 答案：答案：1.these beautiful flowers in the garden 2.a big wide house with a garden 3.the beautiful bird in the tree 4.speaking very aloud 5.happy like a child 三用关系词完成下列句子 3 1.He wrote many childrens books,nearly half of
6、 were published in the 1990s. 2.Opposite is St.Pauls Church, you can hear some lovely music. 3.The books on the desk, covers are shiny,are prizes for us. 4.As the smallest child of his family,Alex is always longing for the time he should be able to be independent. 5.English is a language shared by s
7、everal diverse cultures,each of uses it differently. 6.The exact year Angela and her family spent together in China was 2008. 7.The children,all of had played the whole day long,were worn out. 8.Nowadays people are more concerned about the environment they live. 9.John invited about 40 people to his
8、 wedding,most of are family members. 10.He wrote a letter he explained what had happened in the accident. 答案：1.which 2.where 3.whose 4.when 5.which 6.that/which 7.whom 8.where 9.whom 10.where 定语从句（二）定语从句（二） 一、“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句 1.关系代词的选用 在介词后做宾语的关系代词一般只有 which 和 whom。如先行词是物,引导词用 which;如先行词是人,引导词用 whom
9、。 4 This is the ship on which I went to Shanghai. 这就是我去上海所乘坐的轮船。 This is the student for whom I bought the book. 这就是我给买书的那个学生。 2.介词的选用 (1)根据从句中谓语动词的搭配习惯。 This is the book on which I spent 10 yuan.(on 与 spend 搭配) This is the book for which I paid 10 yuan.(for 与 pay 搭配) 这就是我花了 10 元买的那本书。 (2)根据先行词的搭配习惯
10、。 I still remember the day on which I first came to this school. (on 与 the day 搭配) 我仍然记得我第一次来学校的那天。 (3)表“所有”关系或“整体中的一部分”时用of,of which/whom有时可用whose转换。 The old woman has two sons,both of whom are doctors. 那位老人有两个儿子,他们都是医生。 That table has four legs,all of which are very short. 那张桌子有四条腿,它们都很短。 They liv
11、e in a house,whose windows face south.= They live in a house,the windows of which face south. 他们住在一个窗户朝南的房子里。 (4)根据定语从句所表达的意义来确定介词。 5 Air,without which man cant live,is really important. 空气太重要了,没有它人类就不能生存。 3.介词的位置 介词一般放在关系代词 which 和 whom 之前,也可放在原来的位置。 The house in which we live is not large. =The ho
12、use (which/that) we live in is not large. 我们住的房子不大。 This is the man from whom I learned the news. =This is the man (that/who/whom) I learned the news from. 这就是告诉我消息的那个人。 二、关系副词引导的定语从句 常见的关系副词有 when,where,why。 1.when引 导 的 定 语 从 句 修 饰 的 先 行 词 是 表 示 时 间 的 词 , 如 time,moment,month,day,year 等,在定语从句中做时间状语。
13、 Do you remember the day when he was born?(He was born on the day. on the day 做时间状语) 你记得他出生的日子吗? We dont know the exact time when they will return. (He will return at the time. at the time 做时间状语) 我们不知道他回来的确切日期。 2.where 引导的定语从句修饰的先行词是表示地点的词,如 school,house,village 等, 在定语从句中做地点状语。 6 This is the house w
14、here he was born.(He was born in the house. in the house 做地 点状语) 这就是他出生的房子。 3.why 修饰表示原因的词,在定语从句中做原因状语。 Tell me the reason why you were absent yesterday. 告诉我你昨天缺席的原因。 4.在定语从句中,关系副词常可变为“介词+which”的形式。 Do you remember the day when/on which he was born? She worked in Japan for a few years when/in which
15、she taught English. Tell me the reason why/for which you were absent yesterday. 【即学即用】 用适当的关系词完成句子 1.(1)Literature is a subject _I know little about. (2)Literature is a subject about _I know little. 2.(1)Dad is a person _I can easily talk to. (2)Dad is a person to _I can easily talk. 3.(1)This is th
16、e play _we are talking about. (2)This is the play about _we are talking. 4.(1)The subject _Eric is interested in is Physics. (2)The subject in _Eric is interested is Physics. 5.(1)The study is the place _I often have talks with my father. 7 (2)The study is the place _I often have talks with my fathe
17、r. 答案：答案： which/that； which； who/whom/that ； whom ； that/which； which； that/which； which；where ；in which 一用适当的“介词+关系代词”或关系副词填空 1.I still remember the day / I first met Jennifer. 2.They consider summer vacations as a time / relaxing and having fun is a necessary part. 3.We have come to a point / ever
18、yone has different opinions and it is difficult to reach an agreement. 4.One of the reasons / he was refused in the interview was that he had spoken in broken English. 5.He gets into a situation it is hard to decide what is right. 6.Who is the girl you just shook hands? 7.He bought a telescope he co
19、uld study the sky. 8.The woman I turned for help just now is my English teacher. 答案：答案： 1.when/on which 考查定语从句。句意:我仍然记得我第一次见到珍妮弗的那一 天。 分析句子可知设空处引导定语从句,且在从句中作时间状语,the day 是先行词, 故填关系副词 when 或填 on which。 2.when/in(during) which 考查定语从句。 先行词为a time,此处表示在这段时间里, 放松和玩乐是必要的一个部分,可用关系副词 when,或者使用介词 in 或者 durin
20、g 加上 which。 8 3.where/at which 考查定语从句。句意:我们已经到了这样的阶段,每个人都有不 同的意见,很难达成一致。 此处先行词为 a point,point 在此处意为“阶段”,是抽象意 义的地点名词,定语从句中缺少状语,可用关系副词 where,或者使用 at which。 4.why/for which 考查定语从句。 句意:他在面试中被拒绝的一个原因就是他说英 语说得很烂。 先行词为 reasons,指“的原因”,定语从句中缺少原因状语,可用关 系副词 why 或者 for which。 5.where 考查定语从句。句意:他陷入了一个很难决定什么是对的局面
21、。分析句 子可知设空处引导定语从句,a situation 是先行词,表示抽象的地点,关系词在从句 中作状语,故填关系副词 where。 6.with whom 考查定语从句。分析句子可知设空处引导定语从句,先行词是 the girl,shake hands with.意为“和握手”。故填 with whom。 7.through which 考查定语从句。句意:他买了一个望远镜,凭借它他能研究天空。 根据句意可知,此处应用介词 through,意为“凭借”,分析句子可知设空处引导定语 从句,先行词是 a telescope,指物,故填 through which。 8.to whom 考查定
22、语从句。 句意:我刚才求助的那位女士是我的英语老师。 turn to sb. for help 是固定搭配,意为“向求助”,故用介词 to,分析句子可知设空处引导 定语从句,先行词是 The woman,指人。故填 to whom。 二单句改错 1.The reason why he gave for his being late at the meeting wasnt accepted by his boss. 2.My computer, with which I cant search information,broke down yesterday. 3.Maria has writ
23、ten two novels, both of whom have been made into television series. 4.The car which window got broken in the accident belongs to Mr Brown. 9 5.The number of the people whom come to visit the city each year has risen to one million. 答案：答案： 1.why 去掉或者改为去掉或者改为 that/which 考查定语从句。此处含有定语从句考查定语从句。此处含有定语从句,
24、先行词为先行词为 The reason,但是定语从句中缺少的是但是定语从句中缺少的是 gave的宾语的宾语,因此需用关系代词因此需用关系代词 which 或者或者 that,在定语从在定语从句中作宾语句中作宾语,也可以省略。也可以省略。 2.withwithout 考查介词搭配。此处指没有电脑就不能搜索信息考查介词搭配。此处指没有电脑就不能搜索信息,需用介词需用介词 without。 3.whomwhich 考查定语从句。先行词为考查定语从句。先行词为 novels,指物指物,both of 后的关系代词用后的关系代词用 which。 4.whichwhose 考查定语从句。句中指的是车子的窗
25、户破了考查定语从句。句中指的是车子的窗户破了,关系代词需修饰关系代词需修饰 window,意为意为“的的”,需用关系代词需用关系代词 whose。 5.whomwho/that 考查定语从句。先行词为考查定语从句。先行词为 the people,指人指人,关系词在从句中关系词在从句中 作主语作主语,需用需用 who 或者或者 that 引导。引导。 主主题写作题写作-如何写求助信如何写求助信 求助信是就目前自己在某一方面存在的困难,请求别人给予建议或帮助。 多用一般现在时。首段往往进行自我介绍并表明写作意图。主体段落列举自己所 遇到的困境并提出要求请求对方帮助。 末段表达感谢。 语气要诚挚,措
26、辞要得当。 常 用 句 式 1.Im writing to you for some help. 我给您写信是想得到您的帮助。 2.Im writing a letter to you to get some help. 10 我给您写信是为了得到您的帮助。 3.I have met much difficulty in. 在方面我遇到许多困难。 4.I dont know what to do. 我不知道该做什么。 5.I wonder how to deal with the problem. 我想知道如何处理这个问题。 6.In the meanwhile/At the same tim
27、e,I beg you to.so that. 同时,我请求您,以便 7.Also,I would like you to. 而且,我希望您能 8.Im eager to get your help. 我渴望得到您的帮助。 9.Im sure with your help I can make great progress. 我确定有了您的帮助,我能取得巨大进步。 写 作 模 板 Dear., My name is.I am.I have met much difficulty.First,.To make matters worse/Worse still,.Faced with so mu
28、ch difficulty,I have to turn to you for help.Would you like to.so that/in order that.?In the meanwhile/Meanwhile,.Also,I would like you to. Im sure that I can.with your help./I would greatly appreciate it if you can help me to. 11 Thank you very much for your help. 假定你是李华,你的美国朋友 Tom 来北京学习一个月了。七月份你将去
29、北 京参加暑期中学生英语演讲比赛(speech contest),你在资料搜集、语言运用等方面 遇到了困难。请根据以下要点给 Tom 写一封电子邮件,要点如下: 1.询问 Tom 的生活和学习情况; 2.谈谈你的困难并请 Tom 帮忙; 3.告诉 Tom 你打算赛后去看他。 注意:1.词数 100 左右;2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。 参考范文 Dear Tom, Its a month since you studied in Beijing.How is everything going with you? I really expect to meet you in Beijing.
30、 I am going to take part in an English speech contest for middle school students in July this summer. I think the chance is of great importance to me.To have a very good performance, I am making preparations for it. However, I still have some trouble in collecting useful materials. Meanwhile, I find
31、 it hard to use English properly.I would appreciate it if you could offer me a hand. I also hope that the great effort I am making will pay off. You know, I have been missing you since you left, so I hope to see you in Beijing after the English contest. I cant wait to see you again! Yours sincerely,
32、 Li Hua 课后作业课后作业 一、语法填空 12 A Frenchman went to a small Italian town and 1. (stay) with his wife at the best hotel there.One night,he went out for a walk alone.It was late and the small street was dark and quiet.2. (sudden) he felt someone behind him.He turned his head and saw an Italian young man wh
33、o walked past him quickly.The man was nearly out of sight when the Frenchman found that his watch was 3. (go).He thought that it must be the Italian who had taken his watch.He decided 4. (follow) him and get back the watch. Soon the Frenchman 5. (catch) up with the Italian.6. of them understood the
34、others language.The Frenchman frightened the Italian with his fist (拳头) while 7. (point) at the Italians watch.In the end the Italian gave up his watch to the Frenchman. When he returned to the hotel,the Frenchman told his wife 8. had happened.He was 9. (great) surprised when his wife pointed to the
35、 watch on the table.Now he realised that he had robbed the Italian man of his watch 10. mistake. 答 案 ：答 案 ： 1.stayed 2.Suddenly 3.gone 4.to follow 5.caught 6.Neither 7.pointing 8.what 9.greatly 10.by 二、完形填空 Kindness is a key value that God desires us to have. When you give kindness to others, it wil
36、l be returned to you. Finally, we 1 having the whole house painted today. It was hard to work in this situation. But I 2 good coffee and beautiful biscuits, which made our work easier. We didnt complain and moved the furniture each night, so the painting could be completed 3 . I became friends with
37、this young 4 over the two weeks while he painted. 13 We werent going to paint the bathroom area 5 painting there possibly made it inconvenient to use the bathroom. Instead, we planned to paint it later. But he 6 a suggestion about getting it 7 quickly for me and also painted the front door in this s
38、hiny paint. When we went to 8 him, he refused my money. He said the bathroom and the door were free of 9 , which was a gift to me. Because I had never experienced such things before, I felt surprised. He explained that I had made him so 10 that he wanted to do this. On the last day, I also bought hi
39、m a 11 to go to the entertainment center in the city in order to 12 himself. We went there. A meal was part of it and the seats lay back, which were very safe and 13 to sit on. He was thankful and satisfied. I told him that I wanted to show my 14 on how well he had been working in my 15 . I said I w
40、ould really like to thank him. He loved my treat. We did have a good time there. 1.A.risked B.finished C.hated D.limited 2.A.drank B.sold C.tasted D.supplied 3.A.carelessly B.smoothly C.slightly D.difficultly 4.A.worker B.traveller C.neighbor D.boss 5.A.though B.because C.before D.unless 6.A.held ba
41、ck B.gave up C.came up with D.put up with 7.A.done B.produced C.broken 14 D.replaced 8.A.arrest B.blame C.praise D.pay 9.A.damage B.protection C.charge D.entrance 10.A.thin B.strong C.welcome D.wealthy 11.A.door B.ticket C.place D.newspaper 12.A.ignore B.punish C.relax D.judge 13.A.comfortable B.ter
42、rible C.strange D.upset 14.A.sadness B.appreciation C.honestly D.regret 15.A.office B.shop C.car D.house 答案和解析：答案和解析： 一位年轻工人给作者粉刷房子,在此期间帮助作者顺利完成了粉刷工作,但是少收 了一部分的钱,后来作者为了感谢他,给他买了一张票请他到娱乐中心放松,他们 玩得很开心。 1.B 根据下文的 so the painting could be completed 3 可知,房屋粉刷工作今 天完成了(finished)。 2.D 因为粉刷工作很艰难,而且是给作者粉刷房间,所以
43、作者提供了(supplied)好 的咖啡和饼干。 15 3.B 前面作者提到虽然粉刷工作很困难,但是他们没有抱怨,所以工作能很顺利 地(smoothly)完成。 4.A 根据后文的 while he painted 可知,这是一个年轻的工人(worker)。 5.B 上文提到不粉刷卫生间区域,下文提到粉刷卫生间会使卫生间的使用不方 便,所以此处表示“因为”,故应用 because。 6.C 这里指的是提出一个建议。hold back 阻止;give up 放弃;come up with 提 出;put up with 容忍。 7.A 这里的 it 代指的是 painting,这个年轻人的提议能
44、够迅速地完成(done)粉刷。 8.D 因为工人给作者粉刷墙,所以作者要付给(pay)他钱。 9.C 根据前文 he refused my money 可知,那个年轻工人没有要钱,所以卫生间和 门的粉刷是免费的(free of charge)。 10.C 年轻人认为作者使他很受欢迎(welcome),所以他才不要钱。 11.B 由后文可知作者去的是娱乐中心,这个地方是需要票的,所以作者给年轻人 买了一张票(ticket)。 12.C 去娱乐中心是为了放松(relax)。 13.A 这里指的是座位很舒服(comfortable)。 14.B 作者想对他粉刷房子的工作完成得很好表示感谢(appre
45、ciation)。 15.D 文章开头就提到,作者粉刷的是他的房子(house)。 【高频词汇】 plain v.抱怨 2.inconvenient adj.不方便的 3.experience vt.经历;体验 4.thankful adj.感恩的 三、阅读理解 16 A If you believe English means endless new words,difficult grammar and sometimes strange pronunciation,you are wrong.Havent you noticed that you have become smarter
46、since you started to learn a language? According to a new study by a British university,learning a second language can lead to an increase in your brain power.Researchers found that learning other languages changes grey matter.This is the area of the brain which processes information.It is similar t
47、o the way that exercise builds muscles. The study also found the effect is greater when the younger people learn a second language.A team led by Dr Andrea Mechelli,from University College London,took a group of Britons who only spoke English.They were compared with a group of bilinguals who had learn
