1、Discovering Useful Structures P6 新人教必修新人教必修Book 1 Welcome Unit What do these letters mean when they refer to sentence structure? S (subject) V (verb) O (object) P (predicative) A (adverbial) DO (direct object) IO (indirect object) OC (object complement) 表语 宾语 间接宾语 宾语补足语 直接宾语 状语 主语 谓语 Study the sente
2、nce structure. All of us laughed! I miss my grandma. The teacher was kind and friendly. He told us a funny story. I found most of my classmates and teachers friendly and helpful. 主语主语+ +谓语谓语 (SV)(SV) 主语主语+ +谓语谓语+ +宾语宾语 (SVO)(SVO) 主语主语+ +谓语谓语+ +表语表语 (SVP)(SVP) 主语主语+ +谓语谓语+ +间接宾语间接宾语+ +直接宾语直接宾语 (SV IO
3、 DO)(SV IO DO) 主语主语+ +谓语谓语+ +宾语宾语+ +宾补宾补 (SVOC)(SVOC) Study the sentence structure. He talked too much. I had my first maths class at senior high school. Theres a lot to explore at senior high. 主语主语+ +谓语谓语+ +状语状语 (SVA)(SVA) 主语主语+ +谓语谓语+ +宾语宾语 + +状语状语(SVOA)(SVOA) There be句型句型 Basic Sentence Structure
4、s 英文中基本的句子结构有以下五种： 1. 主+谓(不及物动词) SV 2. 主+谓(系动词)+表语 SVP 3. 主+谓(及物动词)+宾语 SVO 4. 主+谓(及物动词)+间接宾语+直接宾语 5. 主+谓(及物动词)+宾语+宾语补足语 SVOC SV IO DO SV 主语主语+ +谓语谓语( (不及物动词不及物动词) ) 此句型中 “主语+不及物动词/词组”构成句子 的主体部分，不及物动词后不能直接带宾语。 注意：注意：有时为了表示发生的频率、原因、结果、 目的、地点或时间等，可以有状语来修饰。 例例1 Class begins. 例例3 Her mother has gone abro
5、ad. 例例2 The rain has stopped. 例例4 The red sun rise in the east. 状语修饰动词 状语修饰动词 SVO 主语主语+ +谓语谓语( (及物动词及物动词) )+ +宾语宾语 此句型中谓语是及物动词，其后必须跟宾语才 能使句意表达完整。 注意：注意：一些不及物动词后面加介词相当于一个一些不及物动词后面加介词相当于一个 及物动词，之后可加宾语。及物动词，之后可加宾语。 例例1 You must listen to your teacher. 例例2 My father arrived in London yesterday. 例例3 He i
6、s laughing at the crippled woman. 例例4 Ill write about my football team in my future books. SVP 主语主语+ +系动词系动词+ +表语表语 此类型的句子，谓语动词不能表达一个完整 的意思，必须加上一个表明主语性质或状态 的表语，才能表达完整的意思。 例例1 She became a singer. 例例2 My brother is out now. 例例3 Breakfast smells good. be动词类 am, is , are , was, were 表示变化类 become, get,
7、turn, grow, go 感官动词类 look, sound, smell, taste, feel 表示延续性的 动词 remain, stay, keep 英文中常见的英文中常见的be动词动词 SV IO DO 主语主语+ +谓语谓语( (及物动词及物动词) )+ +间接宾语间接宾语+ + 直接宾语直接宾语 例例2 I bought Tom a birthday gift. 间接宾语间接宾语 直接宾语直接宾语 例例1 I showed her my photos. 间接宾语 直接宾语 常见的可接双宾语的动词有：give, send, bring, owe, take, offer, p
8、ass, lend, tell, return, promise, show, write, throw, hand, award, grant等 SVOC 主语主语+谓语谓语(及物动词及物动词)+宾语宾语+宾语宾语 补足语补足语 在某些及物动词的后面，需要用一个宾语再加 一个宾补才能表达完整的意思。 常见的可做宾语补足语的有：名词，形容词， 介词短语，动词不定式,不带to的动词不定式等 例例1 I will make you captain. 例例2 You should keep the room clean and tidy. 例例3 The engineer made the robo
9、rt clean the room everyday. Read the sentences and analyse the structures. 1 The 100-year-old school lies in the centre of the city. 2 We must act. 3 The maths homework looks easy. 4 The teacher found the classroom empty. S V A S V S V P S V O C Read the sentences and analyse the structures. 5 My mu
10、m bought me a new dictionary. 6 Tom is looking forward to meeting the new exchange student. 7 There is an English Corner at our school. 8 We had chemistry in the newly built lab. S V IO DO S V O There be . S V O A Read the passage and analyse the structures of the underlined sentences. How would you
11、 like to go to school and travel the world at the same time? For Tim, that dream has come true! This term, Tim and his classmates are living on a ship! They take the same subjects as you do, like maths and English. They also learn about ships and the sea. Tim writes his parents an email every week a
12、nd tells them what happened on the ship. Tim loves living on the ship. Theres always something exciting to do. And, after a long day of study, he likes to watch the sun go down and wait for the stars to come out. Studying and doing homework seem much more fun when you are at sea. 1. That dream has c
13、ome true! 2. Tim and his classmates are living on a ship! 3. They also learn about ships and the sea. S V S V S V A O Answer 4. Tim writes his parents an email every week and tells them what happened on the ship. 5. Theres always something exciting to do. 6. Studying and doing homework seem much mor
14、e fun. S V IO DO V O There be . S V P C 并列句并列句 Answer Exercises Try to analyse the structures of the following sentences. 1 The country should develop its economy scientifically. 2 She likes the children to read newspapers and books in the reading-room. 3 People all over the world speak English. 4 The city lies in the northwest of Hainan Province. 5 Spring is coming. 6 She found it difficult to do the work. SVOA SVOC SVO SVP SV SVOC Thank you!
