1、Section Reading and Thinking .核心词汇 1_ adj. 发展水平低的；原始的；远古的 n. 文艺复兴前的艺术家(或作品) 2_ n. 重大进步；突破 3_ n. 名誉，名声 4_ n. 贵族成员；出身高贵的人 adj. 崇高的；宏伟的；高贵的 5_ n. 地位；级别；行列 vt.& vi. 把分等级；使排成行 primitive breakthrough reputation noble rank 6_ vt. 购买；采购n. 购买；购买的东西 7_ n. 委托人；当事人；客户 8_ n. 日出 9_ vt. 表达；传递(思想、感情等)；传送 10_ adj. 主
2、观的 purchase client sunrise convey subjective .拓展词汇 1_ adj.准确的；精确的_ adv.准确地； 精确地；的确如此 2_ adj.现实的；逼真的_ n逼真；现 实主义；务实作风_ n现实主义画家(或作家等)；现 实主义者_ adj.真实的；真的_ n现实 _ v实现；意识到 precise precisely realistic realism realist real reality realise 3_ adj.有很大影响力的；有支配力的_ n影响(力) vt.影响；对起作用 4photography n_ photograph n_
3、v_ photographer n_ 5emerge vi.& vt._ emergence n_ 6subsequent adj._ _ adv.后来；随后；接着 influential influence 照相术；摄影 照片 拍照 摄影师 出现；浮现；暴露 出现；显现 随后的；后来的；之后的 subsequently .阅读词汇 1Christianity n. _ 2two- dimensional adj. _ 3dimension n. _ 4humanistic adj. _ 5humanity n. _ 6mythology n. _ 基督教 二维的 维；规模；范围 人文主义的
4、人性；人道；(统称)人类 神话；虚幻的想法 .重点短语 1_ 尤其，特别 2_ 使与众不同；使突出，使优 于 3_ 集中(注意力)于 4_ 在的基础上发展 5_ 试图做某事 6_ 转向 7_ 喜欢 in particular set.apart from concentrate on build upon seek to do sth. turn to be fond of .重点句型 1_ there have been so many different styles of Western art it is impossible to describe them all in a sho
5、rt text. 由于西方艺术的风格如此多样，一篇短文中全部描述出来 是不可能的。 2_ his paintings still had religious themes, they showed real people in a real environment. 尽管他的绘画作品仍有宗教主题，但是它们显示了真实环 境中的真人。 As While 根据课文内容选择正确答案 1What did painters mainly paint during the Middle Ages? AThings around them. BThings related to religion. CFamo
6、us people at that time. DAnimals people were fond of. 2What do we know about the Renaissance? ALeonardo da Vinci invented oil paints during this period. BSome of the greatest oil paintings were created during this period. CArtists no longer believed in religion during this period. DMasaccio was the
7、most influential artist during this period. 3When did the oil painting come into being? ADuring the Middle Ages. BIn the late 19th century. CDuring the Renaissance. DIn the 20th century. 4What caused the emergence of Impressionism? AThe invention of photography. BThe slow development of Western art.
8、 CPeoples love for nature. DPeoples love for themselves. 5From which is the passage probably taken? AA story book. BA science magazine. CA business report. DAn art magazine. 第一版块第一版块|重点词汇诠释重点词汇诠释 1.in particular尤其；特别；专门 (1)particular adj. 特定的，特指的；不寻常的；特别的； 挑剔的，讲究的 be particular about/over. 对挑剔 (2)pa
9、rticularly adv. 特别；尤其 I went along thinking of nothing in particular only looking at things around me. 我一路走着，没想什么特别的事，只有四下张望着。 The goals, in particular, show you the directions to move. 这些目标专门为你指明了前进的方向。 She directed the question at no one in particular.她的问题 并没有针对任何人。 In this particular case, no one
10、 else was involved.这件事没 有其他人牵涉其中。 Shes very particular about her clothes.她对衣着特别挑 剔。 For many older people, particularly those living alone or in the country, driving is important for preserving their independence. 对许多年纪比较大的人，尤其是那些独居或住在乡村的老 人来说，开车对于保持独立很重要 特别提示： in particular相当于particularly/especiall
11、y，但两者在句中的 位置不同 He loves reading, science fictions in particulary.He loves reading, especially/particularly science fictions.他喜欢阅读，尤其 是科幻小说 。 即学即练 单句语法填空/单句写作 For those who love travel, _ (particular) rail travel, China is a cant- miss place. I am interested in novels in general, and detective novels
12、 _ particular. She is very particular _ what she eats, otherwise she would not be so thin. 四个季节我都喜欢，尤其是春季。 _ particularly in about/over I love all the four seasons, spring in particular. 2set.apart from使与众不同；使突出；使优于 set.apart for sth. 留出，拨出专用，一般用于被动 语态。 What sets it apart from hundreds of similar sm
13、all French towns is the huge factory. 与其他数百个法国小镇不同的是它拥有巨大的工厂。 His use of language set him apart from most other modern writers. 他对语言的运用在现代作家中别具一格。 Two rooms were set apart for use as libraries.留出两个房间 作为图书室。 即学即练 单句写作 传统上，这几天是专门用于庆祝的。 _ 他有一副低沉的嗓音，这使他与众不同。 _ Traditionally, these days are set apart for
14、 celebration. He has a deep voice, which sets him apart from others. 归纳拓展： set about (doing) sth.开始/着手做某事 set out出发；阐明；摆放；陈列 set out to do sth.开始做某事 set down写下；记下 set up建立，创立(公司、机构等)；搭建 set off出发；引爆(炸弹)；触发，拉响(警报等)；衬托 set aside将放在一边；省出，留出(钱或时间)；暂不考 虑；不理会 3.adopt vt.采取(某态度)，采用(某方法)；表决采纳(建议、 政策等) vi.&
15、vt.收养，领养 Because of the outbreak of COVID - 19, most schools have adopted online teaching to adapt to the situation. 由于新型冠状病毒肺炎的爆发，为了适应形势，大多数学 校已采用网络教学的方式。 Having no children of their own, they decided to adopt an orphan. 他们没有自己的孩子，于是决定收养一个孤儿。 即学即练 用adopt的适当形式填空 James is the _ son of Mrs. Green, who
16、 _ him when his parents died 20 years ago. Thanks to her _， James could receive higher education and become an engineer. adopted adopted adoption 联想拓展： (1)(形近词)adapt vt.使适应；改编； vt.& vi.适应(新情况) adapt oneself to . 适应 to为介词 be adapted from . 根据 改编 It took them quite a while to adapt themselves to the l
17、ife in France. 他们过了好一阵子才适应了法国的生活。 The film was adapted from a novel. 这部电影是由一部小说改编的。 (2)adopted adj.收养的，领养的 an adopted son/daughter养子/养女 (3)adoption nC，U收养，领养；U采用 4.breakthrough n重大进展；突破 make/achieve a breakthrough 作出/取得突破性进展 He told me he had achieved a breakthrough. 他告诉我他已经取得了突破性进展。 Scientists have
18、 made a major breakthrough in the treatment of cancer. 科学家在癌症治疗方面取得了重大突破。 即学即练 单句语法填空 The key to solving the problems is to make _ breakthrough with a clear aim. Several demonstrators (示威者) broke _ the barriers despite warnings from the police. a through 5influential adj.有很大影响力的；有支配力的 influence n& v
19、t. 影响 have an influence on/upon 对有影响 under ones influence 在某人的影响下 She is one of the most influential figures in local politics. 她是本地政坛举足轻重的人物之一。 My physics teacher was my role model, whose influence on me had a lot to do with my decision.我的物理老师是我的榜样，他 对我的影响与我所作的决定有很大关系。 Under their influence, he bec
20、ame more interested in stories of travel and adventure. 在他们的影响下，他对游记和冒险类故事更感兴趣了。 What you said had a good influence on people, children in particular. 你说的话对人们有很好的影响，尤其是对孩子。 His writings have influenced the lives of millions so far, which sets him apart from other writers. 到目前为止，他的作品已影响了数百万人的一生，这使得 他
21、与别的作者不同。 即学即练 单句语法填空 He was _ (influence) in making economic policy. If any _ (influence) people have underestimated (低 估) your talents, they will be sorry. My father is my role model, whose _ (influential) on me had much to do with my present career. What is exactly the influence of television _ ch
22、ildren? influential influential influence on/upon 联想拓展：break through突破，有突破；冲破(某物)；(太阳) 冲破(云层) There is still scope for new writers to break through. 新作家们还有突破的空间。 The sun broke through at around lunch time. 大约午饭时分，太阳破云而出。 6.reputation n名声，声誉 have a good/bad reputation 有好/坏名声 have a reputation for. 以著
23、称 acquire/earn/build/enjoy a reputation 获得/赢得/树立/享有 声誉 ruin ones reputation 败坏某人的声誉 live up to ones reputation 名副其实 This college has a good academic reputation.这所大学享有 良好的学术声誉。 She soon acquired a reputation as a first- class cook.她不久 就获得了顶级厨师的荣誉。 Dishonesty can result in a feeling of guilt, cause di
24、strust among people and even ruin your reputation.不诚实会导致内疚 感，引起人们之间的不信任，甚至毁掉你的声誉。 The weather in England is living up to its reputation. 英格兰的天气完全就如人们所说的那样。 即学即练 完成句子 伯恩斯以为人风趣幽默、平易近人而著称。 Burns _ being funny and pleasant to be around. 这个餐馆的服务名不虚传，我们得到了很好的服务。 The service at this restaurant _， and we we
25、re well served. 那位选手在比赛时作弊了，这败坏了他的声誉。 That player cheated at the game, which has _. had a reputation for lived up to its reputation ruined his reputation 辨析比较：reputation/fame 易混词 区别 搭配 reputation 可指好名声，也可指坏名 声，强调人们心目中的印 象。 have a good/bad reputation 有好/坏名声 fame 仅指好名声，强调较高的 知名度。 rise/shoot to fame ov
26、ernight 一夜之间成名 achieve/win instant fame立 即获得/迅即赢得名声 fame and fortune名利 7.rank n地位；级别；行列 vt.& vi.把分等级；使排 列成行 rank.as. 把评为 rank high 名列前茅 the first rank 一流的 At the height of her career she ranked second in the world. 在她事业的顶峰时期，她排名世界第二位。 They rank Lang Lang as a first- class pianist. 他们把郎朗评价为一流的钢琴家。 Sh
27、e was not used to mixing with people of high social rank. 她不习惯与社会地位很高的人搅在一起。 It is believed that he is a painter of the first rank. 人们都认为他是一流画家。 即学即练 单句写作 他被视为当代最伟大的钢琴家之一。 _ 这个男孩决心要成为像袁隆平那样的一流科学家。 _ He is ranked as one of the greatest pianists of our day. The boy determined to become a scientist of
28、the first rank like Yuan Longping. 8.purchase vt.买，购买 nU，C购买，采购；C购买的 东西 purchase sth. from. 从处购买某物 make a purchase 采购 You can purchase the equipment from the local supplier. 你可以从当地的供应商处购买这种设备。 They purchased the land for $1 million.他们以100万美元 买下了这块土地。 That bag is a really good purchase.那个包买得真值啊。 She
29、made many purchases on the Internet.她在网上买了许 多东西。 I am wondering if you mind telling me the purchase price of your new house. 我想知道你是否介意告诉我你新房子的买价。 即学即练 单句写作 老师们建议学校应该购买更多的电脑来满足学生的需 求。 _ 可以在售票处提前买到票。 _ Teachers suggested that the school should purchase/buy more computers to satisfy students needs. Tic
30、kets can be bought in advance from the booking office. 辨析比较：purchase/buy 易混词 区别 搭配 purchase 正式用词，指大宗购货或购买重要东 西。无感情色彩，强调物品的购得。 purchase a car 买车 purchase a house买房 buy 普通日常用词，既可指日常随意购 物，也可指大的购买。 buy tickets买 票 buy books买书 9emerge vi.& vt.出现；浮现；暴露 emerge from sth. (从隐蔽处或暗处)出现，浮现，露出 emerge as. 作为出现 eme
31、rgence n. 出现，显露 The moon emerged from behind the clouds.月亮从云层后 露出。 It emerged that the company was going to be sold.事实已清 楚，这家公司准备出售。 He emerged as a key figure in the campaign.他是这次运动 中的主要人物。 He was excited at the emergence of new evidence.新证据的 出现让他感到兴奋。 即学即练 单句语法填空 The rain stopped and the sun emerg
32、ed _ behind the clouds. Bioengineering is an _ (emerge) branch of learning. The 1960s saw the _ (emerge) of many new nations. from emergent emergence 10.convey vt.表达；传递(思想、情感等)；传送 convey ones feelings 表达某人的情感 convey sth. to sb. 向某人表达/传递某种思想、感情等 convey sb./sth. from. to. 把某人/某物从运送到 Some poems try to
33、convey certain emotions.一些诗试图表 达某些情感。 Understanding your own needs and styles of communication is as important as learning to convey your affection and emotions. 了解你交流的需求和方式与学会表达你自己的喜好和情感 一样重要。 Sometimes it is hard to convey ones feelings.有时候表达情 感很难。 Would you please convey my good wishes to your pa
34、rents? 可以把我的美好祝福传达给你的父母吗？ Passengers are conveyed by bus from the hotel to the airport. 公共汽车把乘客从宾馆送到了机场。 即学即练 单句语法填空 The police asked the driver to convey the passengers from the spot _ the destination safely. Teachers must know how _ (convey) their ideas to students. This truck is, as is often the
35、case, used _ (convey) goods. The officer ordered that the necessities _ (convey) immediately to the quake- hit areas. to to convey to convey be conveyed 联想拓展： fetch指一往一返，相当于go and bring； get口语用词，与fetch基本同义，语气随便 ； convey指通过中间人传递信息，或以某种方式把人或物送 到目的地； transport指使用车辆或机械设备把人或货物从一处运载到另 一处。 第二版块第二版块|重点句型剖析重
36、点句型剖析 1(教材P2)As there have been so many different styles of Western art, it is impossible to describe them all in a short text. 由于西方艺术的风格如此多样，在一篇短文中全部描述出 来是不可能的。 as引导的状语从句 as引导的状语从句有以下几种： (1)as引导原因状语从句，意为“因为，由于”。此时as相 当于since，常用来表示已为人们所知或显而易见的原因或理 由。 (2)as引导方式状语从句，意为“照方式”。 (3)as引导时间状语从句，意为“当时，随着”，一般
37、 情况下，as所表示的动作与主句动作同时发生。 (4)as引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然，尽管”，从句要用 倒装，常把形容词、副词、动词、分词或名词提前。如果动词 或现在分词提前放在句首，谓语要补加助动词do，does，did或 will等。作表语的单数可数名词位于句首时，其前不用冠词。 (5)as引导比较状语从句，意为“像一样，如同”，常 用于“as.as.”或“not so/as.as.”结构中。 Everyone likes you as you are both kind and honest. 人人都喜欢你，因为你既体贴又诚实。(as引导原因状语从 句) In Rome do as t
38、he Romans do.谚入国问禁，入乡随俗。 (as引导方式状语从句) As we were dancing, a stranger came in. 当我们跳舞时，一个陌生人进来了。(as引导时间状语从句) As she grew older she gained in confidence. 随着年龄的增长她的信心增强了。(as引导时间状语从句) Happy as they were, there was something missing. 尽管他们很快乐，但缺少点儿什么。(as引导让步状语从 句，作表语的形容词提前，构成倒装) He considered her opinion a
39、s valuable as any of ours. 他认为她的意见和我们的意见一样有价值。(as引导比较状 语从句) The task is not as hard as I thought. 这项任务没有我想象的那么困难。(as引导比较状语从句) 即学即练 结合as的用法完成句子 _ (虽然他贫穷), he always reaches out to the homeless. _ (当一家人坐下来 吃晚饭时), there was a knock at the door. Detailed surveys have indicated that as many as 50 percent
40、 of patients _ (没有遵照指示服药) _ (随着时间的流逝), my mothers hair has turned grey. He speaks English _ (和你说得一样流 利) Poor as he is As the family was sitting down to dinner do not take medicine as instructed As time goes by as fluently as you (do) 2(教材P2)While his paintings still had religious themes, they showed
41、 real people in a real environment. 虽然他的画作仍然有宗教主题，但它们展示了真实环境中 的真实人物。 (1)本句中while引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然，尽管”， 可用although/though替换。需要注意的是，while引导的让步状 语从句通常位于主句之前，而although/though引导的让步状语从 句可位于主句之前或之后。 (2)while用作连词还可译为：当的时候，而；只 要。 While I am willing to help, I do not have much time available. I do not have much
42、time available although/though I am willing to help. Although/Though I am willing to help, I do not have much time available. 尽管我愿意帮忙，但是我没有多少空闲时间。 Strike while the iron is hot.趁热打铁。 Some people waste food while others havent enough.有些人 浪费粮食，然而有些人却吃不饱。 We can surely overcome these difficulties while
43、we are closely united. 只要我们紧密地团结在一起，一定能克服这些困难。 即学即练 写出下列句子中while的汉语意思 While the suns rays can age and harm our skin, they also give us beneficial Vitamin D_ You must keep these points in mind while setting your goals._ While there is life, there is hope._ I was lazy while my sister is hard- working.
44、_ 虽然 当时候 只要 而 .单词拼写 1She was very young, but she could describe the accident _ (准确地) 2There have been further developments _ (随后的) to our meeting. 3My mother often reminds me to set a r_ goal and then work hard. 4The little boy is very interested in everything about the _ (外围的) space. 5Inventing suc
45、h a tool was really a great b_ in science in the past. precisely subsequent realistic outer breakthrough 6As far as Im concerned, it is a highly _ (主观的) point of view. 7The young man often helped others and soon acquired a r_ in this town. 8My mother was satisfied with the goods p_ on the Internet. 9One of my _ (客户) made a complaint, which made me upset. 10The methods of
