1、P10 宾语从句 Do the exercises individually, and then check your answers with your partners. Now check your answers 1-4DCBC 6-8BCDA 由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句 构成。 主句为句子的主体,从句只用作句子的 一个次要成分,不能独立成为一个句 子。 从句通常由关联词引导,并由关联词将 从句和主句联系在一起。 主从复合句 1. Moyan became famous since he won the Nobel Prize for literature. 获得诺贝尔文学奖后，
2、莫言出名了。 2. It seemed as if the meeting would never end. 看起来会议没完没了。 3. He asked me where he could get such medicine. 他问我在哪儿能搞到那样的药。 4. I hate people who talk much but do little. 我讨厌夸夸其谈而不付之行动的人。 从句按其在复合句中的作用,分为 主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、 定语从句和状语从句等。 接下来，着重复习课标要求掌握的 宾语从句、定语从句和状语从句。 主从复合句 宾语从句学习目标： 1. 宾语从句的连接词 2.
3、宾语从句的时态 3. 宾语从句的语序 考点题例 1.Excuse me, can you tell me _? At about 8 oclock. A. what time the plane arrive in Beijing B. what time the plane will arrive Beijing C. what time the plane will reach Beijing D. what time will the plane get to Beijing 解析：本题考查宾语从句。根据答句可知在 问时间，应该用what time引导，用陈述语 序，排除D项；时态用一般
4、将来时，排除A项 ；B项动词使用不当，故选C项。 2.Excuse me, could you tell me _? In five minutes. A. how soon will the film begin B. how soon the film will begin C. how long the film has been on D. how long has the film been on 3. Could you tell me _? Talking about festivals. A.how they are playing A.what they are doing
5、B.where they are going C.why they are practicing 解析：本题考查宾语从句。根据答句可知 上句在问他们正在干什么，应用what 引 导，由此可知答案为B项。 宾语从句即在复合句 中充当宾语的句子。 We know Li Na. 主 谓 宾 We know that Li Na plays tennis very well. 主 谓 宾语从句 主 谓 宾 状 学好宾语从句共有三关需 要突破： 连接词语序时态 Are you ready? 连接词关连接词关 从句来源连接词备注 陈述句that口语或非正式 文体中常省略 一般疑问句if / whether
6、 特殊疑问句连接代词：who; whom; whose; which; what 等 在句中担任 主、宾、定或 表语。 连接副词：when; where; why; how等 在句中担任状 语 that连接的宾语从句，用来陈述一件事 或表达一种感情等，由陈述句转化而 来。 1. He says (that) he is listening to the weather report. 2. I know that foreigners find China very different from their own countries. 3. Im afraid (that) he cant
7、come 4. She asked us to imagine that we were in a story. 注意 引导词that 用于以下情况时不可 省略： （1）当宾语从句的主语是that时。 He says that that is a useful book. （2）当宾语从句中含有主从复合句时。 Im afraid that if youve lost it, you must pay for it. （3）当两个或多个宾语从句由并列连词连接 时，除第一个从句中的that可以省略外，其 余从句中的that 都不可以省略。 He said (that)the film was ve
8、ry interesting and that he enjoyed seeing it very much. if 或 whether连接的宾语从句，由一般疑问 句转化而来，常放在 ask，see，know， wonder, find out 等动词/组后面。常可换用, 口语中多用if。 1. The old woman asked me if I knew the way to the hospital. 2. - Is Peter there? - Hold on, please. Ill see if I can find him for you. 3. Nobody knows wh
9、ether/if it will rain tomorrow. 4. He wondered if /whether he had given correct answers. 5. Id like to find out whether I am blacklisted. 连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句是由特 殊疑问句变化而来，要用陈述句语序。常放 在：see, say, tell, ask, answer, know, decide, find out, imagine, suggest, wonder, discover, understand, inform, advise等动词/组
10、后面。 1. They havent decided who will go there. 2. I want to know whom/who you are waiting for? 3. Tell me what book you like to read. 4. Tell me which book you like to read best of the three. 5. Have the police discovered whose the special shoes are? 宾语从句用陈述语序。如： He is an honest boy. The teacher said
11、. The teacher said（that）he was an honest boy. Does he work hard？I wonder. I wonder if/whether he works hard. When did he leave？I dont know. I dont know when he left. 语序关语序关 主句是现在的时态，从句的时态可根 据实际情况而定。如： I hear that she has written three letters to the headmaster. Mr Green says that the snow was very h
12、eavy last month. 时态关时态关 主句是过去的某种时态， 从句一定要用过去的某种时态。 主句时态从句时态 一般现在时一般过去时 一般过去时过去完成时 现在进行时过去进行时 一般将来时过去将来时 现在完成时过去完成时 过去进行时过去进行时 注意 如：We didnt know why she had missed the flight. He told me that he was watching a cartoon film at 10 oclock this morning. 如果宾语从句表述的是客观真理、自然现 象等时，不管主句是什么时态， 从句都要用一般现在时。如： He
13、 said that light travels much faster than sound. if和when既能引导状语从句，又能引导宾 语从句。因此，遇到它们就要认真分析一 下，它们究竟引导哪种从句。如： If it rains tomorrow, I wont come. （状语从句） I dont know if it will rain tomorrow. （宾语从句） 如果 是否 if和when 的另一种用法 宾语从句三要素： 连接词 that（陈述句） if/whether（一般疑问句） who; whom; whose; which; what when; where; wh
14、y; how(特殊疑问句 ) 时态 主句为一般现在时， 从句可以是任何时态 主句为一般过去时， 从句进行相应的变化 客观真理，自然现象等不变 语序 陈述语序 举一反三 1.I want to know _. Im afraid that we cant be there on time. A.why we arrived at the airport late B.if we will reach the airport late C.how can we get to the airport D.when are we going to reach the airport 2. As mid
15、dle school students, we should start thinking about _for our country in the future. A.what we did B. what did we do C. what we can do D. what can we do 解析：宾语从句应该使用陈述句语序，而 、两项都是疑问语序，故排除。A项用 的是一般过去时态，不符合题意。故选择C 项。 3. When are the Shutes leaving for New York? Pardon? I asked _. A.when are the Shutes le
16、aving for New York B.when the Shutes are leaving for New York C.when were the Shutes leaving for New York D.when the Shutes were leaving for New York 4. Excuse me, could you tell me _? There is a bank on the second floor. A.where I can exchange money B.how can I get to the bank C.that theres a bank
17、near here D.where is the bank 解析：本题考查宾语从句。宾语从句要用 陈述语序，由句意可知选择A项。 5. Do you know _our school? The day after tomorrow. A.when the American students visit B.when the American students will visit C.when do the American students visit D.when will the American students visit 解析：根据The day after tomorrow 可以
18、判 断是一般将来时，又根据宾语从句的语序 要求用陈述语序，可知选择B项。 6. May I come in? Im sorry I am late. Come in. Please tell me_. A.why you are late again B.what were you doing C.who did you talk with 解析：本题考查宾语从句。宾语从句应 该使用陈述语序，而B、C两项都是疑 问句语序，故排除。 一、单项选择 1.Could you tell me _ the Dragon Boat Festival in China? Sure. People usual
19、ly watch the dragon boat races and eat zongzi. A. when do people celebrate B. why people celebrate C. how people celebrate 2.Do you know _? Yes. Its on your table. A. where my dictionary is B. where is my dictionary C. when I bought my dictionary 3.Do you know _? For a month. A. how long will she be
20、 away B. how long she will be away C. how often will she go there D. how often she will go there 4.Excuse me, Miss Chen, could you tell me _? It is short for the Silk Road Economic Belt and 21st Century Maritime Silk Road. A. what the Belt and Road meant B. what does the Belt and Road mean C. what t
21、he Belt and Road means 5.Could you tell me _ it is from the nearest shop to our school? About five minutes walk. A. how long B. how far C. how many 二、根据要求完成句子，每空一词。 1. Mr. Lee asked Tom, “Where have you been?”(改为间接引语) Mr. Lee asked Tom_. 2. The teacher said to us, “Light travels much faster than sound.” (改为间接引语) The teacher told us _ much faster than sound. where he had been light travels 3.We havent decided if we will go to Hainan Island for a holiday.(改为同义句) We havent decided _
