1、语法课堂,Where .from?,在学校，Zhang Li 和来访的外国学生 谈话，请在上述情境下完成句子。,Where are _ (你)from? May I have _name please? _（我）am from China. _ name is Zhang Li. _（她）is from England._ name is Mary. _（他）is from Canada. _name is Mark. _（它）is a dog. _name is Jimmy. _(我们) are from America. _country is very large. _（他们 are f
2、rom Japan. _country isnt big.,I,My,She,Her,He,His,It,Its,We,Our,They,Their,you,your,上一页,代词,下一页,主菜单,代词,主菜单,上一页,下一页,人称代词（主格；宾格）,物主代词（形容词性；名词性）,指示代词,反身代词,不定代词,疑问代词,人称代词(主格/ 宾格) He asks me. We help them. Give the book to me.,主格人称代词在句中做主语，宾格人称代词在句中作宾语、表语（动词+宾格；介词+宾语,单数,复数,I,you,he/she/it,we,you,they,me,y
3、ou,him/her/it,us,you,them,Practise:,( )1.-Miss Lin teaches _ English this term. -Youre lucky._is a very good teacher. A. our; She B. us; He C. us; She D. ours; He 2. Please take care of _ for me . 请替我照顾她。 3. 我和你，和他都是好朋友。,her,C,You , he and I are good friends.,人称的习惯顺序： 如果有几个不同的人称同时作主语，且用and，or连接时，习惯顺
4、序是： 单数：you，he，and I. 复数：we，you，and they. 但是，如果是做错事，承担责任时，有时，说话的人把I 放在第一位。 Who broke the window？谁打碎了玻璃？ I and Li Ming.我和李明.,Fill in the blanks. 1. Lily is my good friends. _is very good at English. 2. A: Mary, shall_go to the cinema? B: Sure. Lets go. 3. Please give this book to Linda and Lucy. _need
5、 it. 4. I have a rabbit. _is cute. 5. _am thirsty. Please give me some water , please.,She,we,They,It,I,物主代词 (形容词性/ 名词性) They are their shoes.(只做定语) The shoes are theirs.（宾语、表语、 主语）,形容词性,名词性,单数,复数,my,mine,your,yours,his/her/its,his/hers/its,our,ours,your,yours,their,theirs,形容词性物主代词变名词性物主代词的变化规律 一变：m
6、y-mine 二留：his-his its-its 四加s:your-yours our-ours her-hers their-theirs,1)Is that her seat? 2)Whats your name?,形容词性物主代词相当于形容词，用来修饰名词，且只能放在名词前作定语。,当形容词性物主代词所修饰的名词前面有量词或基数词时， 可以和of构成短语。 eg. I borrowed a tie of yours.,名词性物主代词相当于一个名词，不能用在 名词前，可单独使用。 即：名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+名词 Eg: Her cup The cup is hers. Thi
7、s is my book. This book is mine.,Practise:,1. He put on _ hat and left. (他的) 2. ( ) Frank cant find _ dictionary. Can you lend_to_? A. her; mine; her B. 不填; yours; his C. my; yours; he D. his; yours; him 3. His father is a doctor. _ is a driver. (我的),Mine,D,his,指示代词分单数（this / that）和复数（these / those）
8、两种形式，既可作限定词又可做代词， 例如： 单数 复数 限定词：This girl is Mary. Those men are my teachers. 代词： This is Mary. Those are my teachers.,指示代词的基本用法 指示代词(this, that, these, those)在句中可作主语、宾语、表语、定语： 1.This is yours and that is mine. 2.I want this book, not that book. 3.I like these and he likes those. 4.These computers a
9、re cheap. 5.What I want to say is this.,反身代词:,myself,yourself,himself herself itself,ourselves,yourselves,themselves,过的愉快 enjoy oneself make oneself at home 随便吃/喝些吧 help oneself to 自学 teach oneself learn.by oneself 把某人单独留下 leave one by oneself,别客气,1. Those boys enjoyed _ in the party last night. A.
10、them B. they C. themselves D. herself 2. Help _ to some fish, children. A. yourself B. your C. yours D. your?elves 3. Luckily, he didnt hurt _ terribly yesterday. A. him B. themselves C. himself D. they 4. I like watching _ in the mirror. A. me B. I C. my D. myself,C,D,C,D,疑问代词: what, who, whose, wh
11、ich等 _ is the population of your city? _ are you talking with ? _ is the way to the hospital? _ shirt is this?,What,Whose,Whom,Which,1.some, any+可数不可数 一般情况，some用在肯定句；any用在否定句和疑问句。当some用在疑问句，表示邀请、请求、建议等；any用在肯定句表示任何一个.,May I have some water?（请求） Why dont you take some apples? （建议） Do you have any que
12、stions?（疑） There isnt any tea left. I ll go and make some for you.（否） You can ask me any question at any time. （任何一个）,everybody，somebody，nobody，anybody 有什么区别 everybody主要用于肯定句，意思是所有人， somebody用于肯定句，意思是有些人， nobody用于否定句，意思是没有人， anybody用于反问句，意思是任何人。 它们都等同第三人称单数，肯定句若以 everybody或somebody为主语， 需要在动词后加“s”,2.
13、 指人 it 指人主要用于指性别不明的婴儿或用于确认某人的身份。如： Is it a boy or a girl? 是男孩还是女孩? There is a knock on the door. It must be the postman. 有人在敲门，一定是邮递员。,二、it 作非人称代词的用法 1. 基本用法 it 作非人称代词的用法，主要用于指时间、距离、价值、 天气、气候及温度等自然现象。 如： Its too late to go there now. 现在去那儿已经太迟了。 It rained all day yesterday. 昨天下了一天的雨。,用于某些句型 Its time
14、 for sth. 该做某事了。 Its time to do sth. 该做某事的时候了。 Its time for sb to do sth. 某人该干某事了。 Its first (second) time + that-从句. 某人第几次干某事。 (从句谓语用现在完成时) Its + 时间段 + since-从句. 自从有一段时间了。 Its + 时间段 + before-从句. 过多长的时间才,三、it用作形式主语 1. 基本用法 当不定式、动名词、从句等复杂成分用作句子主语时，为保持句子 平衡，通常把真正的主语放在句末，而在句首使用形式主语it。如： Its very import
15、ant to remember this. 记住这一点很重要。 Its hard work climbing mountains. 爬山是费劲的事。 用作形式主语的的重要句型 (1) It + be + adj. for (of) sb to do sth 某人做某事 It is hard for him to make up his mind. 他很难下定决心。 It was foolish of her to say such a thing. 她说那样的话，真是太蠢了。 【说明】介词 of 与 for 的区别是：of 用于指某人的性格、属性、 特征等，介词for表示对象，意为“对来说”,
16、(2) It takes sb + 时间段 + to do sth. 某人做某事花了时间 (3) It is up to sb to do sth. 该由某人做某事 Its up to you to make the choice. 得由你来作选择。 (4) It looks (seems, appears, happens, occurs) that as if 似乎 It seemed as though he didnt recognize me. 他似乎没认出我来。 It happened that I was out when he called.,it用作形式宾语 1. 基本用法
17、当不定式、动名词、从句等复杂成分用作宾语且其后跟有 宾语补足语时，通常会在宾语补足语前使用形式宾语， 而将真正的宾语移至句末。其基本结构为 “主语+动词+it+宾语补足语+不定式(动名词或从句)”。 I find it difficult to do the job well. 我发现做好这件事不容易。 I think it best that you should stay here. 我认为你最好住这儿。,2) 动词 + it + when (if)-从句。如： We really appreciate it when she offered to help. 她来帮忙了，我们十分感激。
18、(3) 动词 + prep + it + that-从句。如： See to it that youre not late again. 注意千万不要再迟到。 （确保) Look to it that this doesnt happen again. 注意不要再发生这种事。(注意),1. other可作形容词或代词，做形容词时，意思是“别的，其他的”，泛指“其他的（人或物）”。 如： Do you have any other question(s)? 2. the other指两个人或物中的一个时，只能用the other，此时的other作代词。 如： He has two daught
19、ers. One is a nurse, the other is a worker. .3 others是other的复数形式，泛指“另外几个”，“其余的”。 如： Some of us like singing and dancing, others go in for sports.,4. the others意思是“其他东西，其余的人”。特指某一范围内的“其他的 （人或物）”。是the other的复数形式。 如： Two boys will go to the zoo, and the others will stay at home. 5. another，既可作形容词，也可作代词
20、，只能用于三个或更多的 人或物，泛指同类事物中的三者或三者以上的“另一个”，只能代 替或修饰单数可数名词。 I dont like this one. Please show me another.,这有两个瓶子，一个是满的，另一个是空的。,There are two bottles. One is full, the other is empty.,You must help _ .,others,You must help _ in your class.,the others,1. It takes me 30 minutes _ to school by bike every day. 1 A. going B. to go C. goes D. go 2. Its not easy _ us _ a foreign language.
