1、 分享与下载精品教学资料 上传教学资料赚钱的网站 2017 年年中考真题（阅读理解）中考真题（阅读理解） (2017?浙江宁波) D THREE CENTURIES OF HQAXES（骗局；恶作剧） ！（骗局；恶作剧） ！ A THINKING MACHINE In 1769, long before computers were invented, a man from Hungary（匈牙利） built a wonderful machine that could play chess very well. It delighted（使高兴） people all over Euro
2、pe and beat nearly everyone it played, including famous figures like French leader Napoleon Bonaparte, and scientist and inventor Benjamin Franklin. For decades, many people believed that it was truly a thinking machine. There were people who said it was a hoax, but could not prove it or explain how
3、 it worked. About 85 years later, the secret was finally revealed. There was a man hiding inside the machine all the timewho was obviously very good at playing chess! ZOO ESCAPE（逃脱）（逃脱） On November 9, 1874, New York newspaper, The Herald, ran a shocking story on its front page. It said that all the
4、animals in the Central Park Zoo had escaped and were running around the city. It said the police were working to save people, but 27 people had already been killed, and 200 people hurt. It warned everyone to stay at home to avoid the danger. Many people in New York were terrified, and did as the pap
5、er said. If only they had read the final words of the article, which said: “Not one word of it is true. Not a single act described has taken place,” It was all just a hoax. The story was made up by Thomas Connery, an editor at The Herald, who wanted to draw attention to the poor condition of cages i
6、n the zoo. ROSIE THE RUNNER The first woman to cross the finish line of the 1980 Boston Marathon（马拉松） was 23-year-old Rosie Ruiz. However, as she climbed the stairs to receive her prize, people started to become suspicious（怀疑的). She didn?t seem to be tired at all. Furthermore, none of the other runn
7、ers remembered seeing her, and her picture never appeared in photos or TV broadcasts of the race. Later, several people said that they had seen her join the race only at the end. It turned out she had run only half a mile 分享与下载精品教学资料 上传教学资料赚钱的网站 (about 805 meters) and taken the train for the rest
8、of the race! Her prize was taken away, of course. 42. The underlined word “it” in Paragraph 1 refers to（指）_. A. the hoax B. the news C. the thinking machine D. the computer 43. Which of the following is mentioned in the passage? A. The thinking machine used a computer to win games. B. 200 people wer
9、e killed by zoo animals in 1874. C. Rosie Ruiz wasn?t tired at the finish line. D. Rosie Ruiz didn?t appear in TV broadcasts of the race. 44. What is true about all the hoaxes in the passage? A. They made people scared. B. They fooled a lot of people. C. They made people suspicious. D. They delighte
10、d people . 45. The title of the passage shows us that the writer thinks that hoaxes _. A. are not new B. are easily avoided C. are always cruel D. are usually unbelievable 题材：安全问题 【主旨大意】 本文是一篇记叙文。讲述的是发生在三个不同世纪中的三个骗局， 分别是 18 世纪有人“发明”了一个下象棋的机器高手，后来证明是有人藏在机器 中；19 世纪美国纽约的一家报纸报道说，一家动物园里的所有动物都从园里逃 了出来，在大街
11、上踩死踩伤很多人，提醒市民注意安全。最后被告知这是一起恶 作剧；第三则是 20 世纪马拉松国际长跑比赛的“冠军”获得者是弄虚作假得来的 荣誉，最后被取消成绩。 42. C 【解析】 推理判断题。根据原文第一段中的“a man from Hungary built a wonderful machine that could play chess very well”可知，有个匈牙利人对外吹嘘自 己发明了一个下象棋高手的“机器”，这让欧洲各地的人们非常高兴。故推断画线 代词 it 指的是“会思考的机器”。故选 C。 43. D 【解析】推理判断题。通读原文可知，“会思考的机器”其实是利用藏在机
12、器里面的一个擅长下象棋的人来博取胜利的，而不是电脑；在 1874 年的“动物大 分享与下载精品教学资料 上传教学资料赚钱的网站 逃亡”的骗局中，被动物踩死的人数是 27 人，不是 200 人；Rosie Ruiz 是在登上 领奖台接受颁奖时，看起来好像一点都不疲惫，而不是在冲刺终点线的时候；只 有选项 D 说法“Rosie Ruiz 没有出现在比赛电视直播的画面里”在原文提到过。故 选 D。 44. B【解析】推理判断题。通读原文可知，这三个骗局起初都蒙骗了许多人， 故选项 B 说法是真实的。故选 B。 45. A【解析】推断理解题。文章的标题为“三个世纪骗局”，文章介绍这三个曾欺 骗蒙蔽
13、过许多人的跨世纪的骗局，因为作者认为骗局并不是新生事物。故选 A。 (2017 浙江嘉兴舟山) C Have you ever been in a conflict(冲突)? Do you know how to solve it? Conflict resolution is a peaceful way of trying to solve a conflict. Both sides in the conflict explain what they think happened to cause it. The person who listens to both sides is c
14、alled the mediator(调解人). After both sides tell what they think happened to cause the conflict, they discuss ways to solve it. They try to come up with a “resolution” that both sides agree to. They cannot be angry during the communication. Everyone should use good listening and attending skills while
15、 talking. If voices get too loud or it appears that someone is angry, the mediator will speak up and have them treat each other with respect. After different suggestions are shared in how to mediate the conflict, it is time for discussing the best solution(解决办法). Here is an example of how conflict r
16、esolution works step by step in a school playground setting: Someone says a student pushed him on the football field. The person who was accused as the “pusher” says it was actually an accident. The person who was pushed gets the mediator . The mediator takes the two persons to a quieter place, away
17、 from others to talk. 分享与下载精品教学资料 上传教学资料赚钱的网站 The mediator calms them down and lets them know he understands their feelings. Each person describes what happened. The mediator repeats what he heard, so it is clear to everyone. The mediator asks for ideas to solve the problem. The two persons offer
18、their own solutions. The two persons have a discussion and come to an agreement. The mediator makes sure the persons follow the solution. The mediator offers praise for solving the problem. Conflict resolution can be used in many environments. It encourages people to tell what really happened, to sh
19、are their feelings, and to work together peacefully to solve the problem. It offers people workable steps to reach an agreement with the help of a mediator. 38. According to the passage, if two students have had a fight, they had better_. A. call the police B. get a mediator C. ask parents for ideas
20、 D. describe the fight to teachers 39. In conflict resolution, the mediator?s job is to_. A. describe what really happened to both sides B. help both sides reach an agreement in a proper way C. listen to both sides and then punish the trouble maker D. write down what both sides have explained in the
21、 communication 40. The underlined words “was accused” in this passage might mean “_” in Chinese. A. 被惩罚 B. 被轻视 C. 被指责 D. 被否定 41. The writer gives the example in the passage in order to_. 分享与下载精品教学资料 上传教学资料赚钱的网站 A. show how a mediator works in a football match B. help us know the importance of a me
22、diator in daily life C. show how conflict resolution is used in different environments D. help us clearly understand the workable steps in conflict resolution C 题材：安全问题 【主旨大意】本文主要讲述遇到冲突时，如何解决冲突。并通过以描述校园冲 突为例，具体描述调解人解决冲突的过程，以此强调解决冲突的重要性。 38. B 细节推测题。 从第一段提问后的答语可得知冲突调解是一个解决冲突的平 和方法， 倾听冲突双方的人叫做调解人， 所以最好是找调解人。 Conflict resolution is a peaceful way of trying to solve a conflict. Both sides in the conflict explain what they think happened to cause it. The person who listens to both sides is called the me
