1、单元素养评估卷(四) 时间:100 分钟 分数:120 分 第一部分 阅读(共两节,满分 50 分) 第一节(共 15 小题;每小题 2.5 分,满分 37.5 分) 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳 选项。 A Travel around England Places to visit in London The Thames It runs through London, dividing the city into two parts. Its interesting to take a trip on the river. This way, you ca
2、n see almost every place of interest in London. Big Ben May 31, 2019 is the 160th birthday of the largest four-faced clock in the worldBig Ben. It isnt the name of the tower itself but the 13-ton bell inside it. Every hour, it “bongs” the number of the hour to tell the time. Places to visit in Liver
3、pool Music: “The Beatles Story” If you love the Beatlesthe world-famous 1960s music group, come here! Open every day except Dec. 25 and 26 Adult: 16.00 Under-16s and student: 12.00 Child under six: Free Sport: “Liverpool FC” Do you love football? Visit Anfield football centre, home to Liverpools fav
4、ourite football team. Closed on Sat. ;由文中甲壳虫乐队博物由文中甲壳虫乐队博物 馆的描述馆的描述“If you love the BeatlesIf you love the Beatlesthe worldthe world- -famous 1960s famous 1960s music group, come here!music group, come here!”可知该博物馆成立的时间是不到可知该博物馆成立的时间是不到 100100 年年; ; 而由第二段可知大本钟已有而由第二段可知大本钟已有 160160 年的历史年的历史, ,故选故选 B
5、B。 答案：答案：B 3. David, a music fan, wants to go to his favourite place in Liverpool with his 9-year-old daughter and his baby son. How much should he pay? A. 16. B. 24. C. 28. D. 40. 解析：解析：推理计算题。由文中甲壳虫乐队博物馆的描述可知推理计算题。由文中甲壳虫乐队博物馆的描述可知, ,该博物馆该博物馆 收费成人收费成人 1616 英镑英镑,16,16 岁以下岁以下 1212 英镑英镑,6,6 岁以下儿童免费。 故大
6、卫、 大岁以下儿童免费。 故大卫、 大 卫卫9 9岁的女儿和大卫的儿子岁的女儿和大卫的儿子( (婴婴儿儿) )三人的收费情况为三人的收费情况为:16+12+0=28:16+12+0=28英英 镑镑, ,故选故选 C C。 答案：答案：C B In the state of Qin, there was a man called Shang Yang. He was a statesman(政治家) and worked out many reforms for the state, like paying more attention to farming and giving rewards
7、 to soldiers who were successful when at war. But these reforms were not easily carried out at first. Most people didnt trust Shang Yang. In order to solve this problem, Shang Yang came up with an idea. He put a thin wooden pole at the south gate of the Qin capital. Many people came to see him and t
8、he pole. Then, in front of the crowd, Shang Yang said loudly, “The man who takes this pole to the north gate will get 10 gold pieces.” It was a simple job and the reward was so large. However, some time passed and no one stepped forward. They all thought Shang Yang was making a joke. Hearing no answ
9、er, Shang Yang stepped forward and said, “The reward now goes to 50 gold pieces.” This reward was unbelievably large. Finally, a man from the crowd came forward. He put the pole on his shoulder and walked to the north gate. True to his word, Shang Yang gave the man 50 gold pieces. After that, the pe
10、ople of Qin were all talking about what Shang Yang did about the pole. They believed he was a man of his word. So when Shang Yang began carrying out his reforms, the people followed him. Under these great reforms, Qin grew stronger and stronger. At last, Qin made all the seven states into one empire
11、(帝国). 4. In order to carry out his reforms, what idea did Shang Yang have? A. Having a wooden pole carrying competition. B. Having a wooden pole cutting competition. C. The man stepping forward first would be praised. D. The man carrying the pole from the south gate to the north one would get some g
12、old pieces. 解析：解析：细节理解题。根据第二段和第三段可知商鞅为了落实政策细节理解题。根据第二段和第三段可知商鞅为了落实政策, ,取取 得人们的信任得人们的信任, ,奖给愿意把木杆从南门抬到北门的人一些金奖给愿意把木杆从南门抬到北门的人一些金币。故选币。故选 D D。 答案：答案：D 5. Why did Shang Yangs reward increase at last? A. Because a man stepped forward. B. Because there wasnt enough time. C. Because Shang Yang heard no an
13、swer. D. Because Shang Yang was happy. 解析：解析：细节理解题。根据第五段细节理解题。根据第五段“Hearing no answer, Shang Yang Hearing no answer, Shang Yang steppestepped forward and said, d forward and said, The reward now goes to 50 gold The reward now goes to 50 gold pieces.pieces.”可知可知, ,商鞅决定把奖励从商鞅决定把奖励从 1010 个金币增加到个金币增加到 5
14、050 个金币个金币, ,是是 因为当时没有听到回答。故选因为当时没有听到回答。故选 C C。 答案：答案：C 6. What does the underlined part mean? A. A man who can speak loudly. B. A man who likes to speak a lot. C. A man who keeps his word. D. A man of few words. 解析：解析： 词义猜测题。 根据上文商鞅履行了奖励词义猜测题。 根据上文商鞅履行了奖励 5050 金币的诺言金币的诺言, ,可推出可推出 人们相信他是一个信守诺言的人。故选人
15、们相信他是一个信守诺言的人。故选 C C。 答案：答案：C 7. After these great reforms, what happened in the history of China? A. Shang Yang became the first emperor. B. The first empire of China appeared. C. The south gate fell down. D. The state of Qin became weaker and weaker. 解析：解析： 推理判断题。 根据最后一句推理判断题。 根据最后一句“At last, Qin
16、made all the seven At last, Qin made all the seven states into one empire.states into one empire.”可知可知, ,秦朝使七国统一为一个帝国秦朝使七国统一为一个帝国, ,即中即中 国第一个朝代国第一个朝代秦朝出现。故选秦朝出现。故选 B B。 答案：答案：B C I travel a lot, and I find out different “styles” of directions every time I ask “How can I get to the post office?” Fore
17、ign tourists are often confused(困惑的) in Japan because most streets there dont have names; in Japan, people use landmarks(地标) in their directions instead of street names. For example, the Japanese will say to travellers, “Go straight down to the corner. Turn left at the big hotel and go past a fruit
18、market. The post office is across from the bus stop.” In the countryside of the American Midwest, there are not usually many landmarks. There are no mountains, so the land is very flat; in many places there are no towns or buildings within miles. Instead of landmarks, people will tell you directions
19、 and distances. In Kansas or Iowa, for example, people will say, “Go north two miles. Turn east, and then go another mile.” People in Los Angeles, California, have no idea of distance on the map; they measure distance in time, not mile. “How far away is the post office?” you ask. “Oh,” they answer,
20、“its about five minutes from here.” You say, “Yes, but how many miles away is it?” They dont know. Its true that a person doesnt know the answer to your question sometimes. What happens in such a situation? A New Yorker might say, “Sorry, I have no idea.” But in Yucatan, Mexico, no one answers “I do
21、nt know.” People in Yucatan believe that “I dont know” is impolite. They usually give an answer, often a wrong one. A tourist can get very, very lost in Yucatan! 8. What is the reaction of the Japanese when asked the way? A. They describe the place carefully. B. They show him a map of the place. C.
22、They tell him the names of the streets. D. They refer to recognizable buildings and places. 解析：解析： 细节理解题。 根据第二段中细节理解题。 根据第二段中“in Japan, people use landmarks in Japan, people use landmarks in their directions instead of street namesin their directions instead of street names”可知可知, ,日本人在日本人在 指路时习惯使用地标
23、。故选指路时习惯使用地标。故选 D D。 答案：答案：D 9. What is the place where people measure distance in time? A. New York. B. Los Angeles. C. Kansas. D. Iowa. 解析：解析： 细节理解题。 根据第四段第一句话中细节理解题。 根据第四段第一句话中“they measure distance they measure distance in time, not milein time, not mile”可知可知 B B 正确。正确。 答案：答案：B 10. Why may peopl
24、e in Yucatan give a tourist a wrong answer? A. In order to save time. B. As a test. C. So as to be polite. D. For fun. 解析：解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中细节理解题。根据最后一段中“People in Yucatan believe People in Yucatan believe that that I donI dont knowt know is impolite. They usually give an answer, is impolite. They usu
25、ally give an answer, often a wrong one.often a wrong one.”可知可知 C C 正确。正确。 答案：答案：C 11. What can we infer from the text? A. Its important for travellers to understand cultural differences. B. Its useful for travellers to know how to ask the way properly. C. People have similar understandings of polite
26、ness. D. New Yorkers are generally friendly to visitors. 解析：解析： 推理判断题。 文章讲述的是作者在问路时遇见的各国的文化差推理判断题。 文章讲述的是作者在问路时遇见的各国的文化差 异。故选异。故选 A A。 答案：答案：A D A nickname is a shortened form of a persons name. A nickname can also be a descriptive name for a person, place or thing. Many American cities have nicknam
27、es. These can help establish an identity, spread pride among citizens and build unity. Nicknames can also be funny. Los Angeles, California is the second largest city in population, after New York City. Los Angeles has several nicknames. One is simply the citys initials, L.A. It is also called the C
28、ity of Angels because Los Angeles means “the angels” in Spanish. Los Angeles often has warm, sunny weather. So another nickname is City of Flowers and Sunshine. New York is called the Big Apple. So Los Angeles is sometimes called the Big Orange because of the fruit that grows in that citys warm clim
29、ate. The American motion picture and television industries are based in Los Angeles. So it is not surprising that it is called the Entertainment Capital of the World. Many films are made in the area of Los Angeles called Hollywood. Millions of people visit the area. No trip to Los Angeles is complet
30、e without seeing the word “Hollywood” spelled out in huge letters on a hillside. Many movie stars live in Los Angeles. The city is sometimes called Tinseltown. This nickname comes from the shiny, bright and often unreal nature of Hollywood and the movie industry. Another nickname for Los Angeles is
31、La-La Land, using the first letters of Los and Angeles. This means a place that is fun and not serious, and maybe even out of touch with reality. A good place for watching unusual-looking people is Venice, an area on the west side of Los Angeles. A system of waterways designed after the Italian city
32、 of Venice has been built there. Many people love Los Angeles for its warm sunny weather, beautiful mountains and beaches, and movie stars. That includes Randy Newman, who sings about his hometown. 12. Which of the following is not the function of a nickname of a place? A. Building up identity. B. E
33、ntertainment. C. Bringing pride to the locals. D. Uniting surrounding cities. 解析：解析：细节理解题。结合第一段的细节理解题。结合第一段的“ThesThese can help establish an e can help establish an identity, spread pride among citizens and build unity.identity, spread pride among citizens and build unity.”可可 知知, ,绰号的作用没有绰号的作用没有 D D
34、 项。故选项。故选 D D。 答案：答案：D 13. What does the underlined sentence suggest in Paragraph 4? A. Tourists should pay a visit to the big letters “Hollywood” on a hillside. B. The word “Hollywood” is so large that tourists cant miss it. C. The big letters “Hollywood” on a hillside is your first destination. D.
35、 Tourists are proud of seeing the big word “Hollywood”. 解析：解析：细节理解题。这句话的意思是细节理解题。这句话的意思是: :去洛杉矶不去看在山坡上用巨去洛杉矶不去看在山坡上用巨 大的字母拼出来的单词大的字母拼出来的单词 “HollywoodHollywood” 的旅行是不完整的。其含义的旅行是不完整的。其含义 说明此处是值得参观的地说明此处是值得参观的地方。故选方。故选 A A。 答案：答案：A 14. How many nicknames have been given to Los Angeles? A. 4. B. 5. C. 6
36、. D. 7. 解析：解析： 细节理解题。 文章中提到的细节理解题。 文章中提到的 Los AngelesLos Angeles 的绰号共的绰号共 7 7 个个: L.A.: L.A.、 the City of Angelsthe City of Angels、 City of Flowers and SunshineCity of Flowers and Sunshine、the Big the Big OrangeOrange、the Entertainment Capital of the Worldthe Entertainment Capital of the World、Tinse
37、ltownTinseltown 和和 L La a- -La LandLa Land。故选。故选 D D。 答案：答案：D 15. What can we infer from the text? A. Los Angeles is most famous for its nicknames. B. Hollywood alone adds fame to Los Angeles. C. All the nicknames increase the charm of Los Angeles. D. Los Angeles was built after the Italian city of
38、Venice. 解析：解析：推理判断题。文章中提到的推理判断题。文章中提到的 Los AngelesLos Angeles 的的 7 7 个绰号个绰号, ,每一个每一个 都与都与 Los AngelesLos Angeles 的某个特点相关的某个特点相关, ,都突出了都突出了 Los AngelesLos Angeles 的某一特的某一特 色色, ,故选故选 C C。 答案：答案：C 第二节(共 5 小题;每小题 2.5 分,满分 12.5 分) 根据下面短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最 佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Britain is divided into diff
39、erent areas. Britain is one of the most diverse nations in Europe with over 250 different languages being spoken in London alone. With such a various culture, adapting to it can be a challenge for anyone. 16 Forget the stereotypes(陈旧观念). Many of the long formed stereotypes simply have nothing to do
40、with Britain today. Dont think that everyone enjoys drinking tea or beer. Abandoning some old ideas of people and culture will allow you to be more open-minded and easily get into the culture. 17 Britain is made up of different regions that have their different traditions and languages. Understandin
41、g different cultures will help you avoid making mistakes. Get used to small spaces. Like all European nations, Britain does not have the luxury of space. Houses, apartments and cars are all smaller. 18 19 Always apologise for knocking into someone, even if it is their fault. Respect peoples personal
42、 space and always wait in line. Bill Brysons book Notes from a Small Island is filled with many useful tips. Accept the jokes. 20 Kidding, teasing, and “taking the mick” are all ways to describe making fun of someone but this isnt necessarily a bad thing. Playing tricks on someone is a common way to
43、 show affection. As Britons usually put it, “You never make fun of someone you dont like.” A. Understand the differences. B. Following these steps should be of great help to you. C. Be polite. D. Therefore, trying to become familiar with smaller areas is very necessary. E. Make friends with them. F.
44、 One of the most confusing aspects of British culture is humour. G. Dont play jokes on others. 答案：答案：16. B 17. A 18. D 19. C 20. F 第二部分 语言运用(共两节,满分 30 分) 第一节(共 15 小题;每小题 1 分,满分 15 分) 阅读下面短文,从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以 填入空白处的最佳选项。 I have always been an independent person, but I have come to know that be
45、ing independent does not mean refusing help. I may still be 21 with asking for help, but I try to accept. Furthermore, I will even 22 help and when my offers are refused, I am seldom willing to walk away. And all these changes came from a disaster on an island. Sometimes a persons independence is a
46、23 of pride, daring, stubbornness and luck. I used to be too 24 since I was little. I was once a traveller who never asked for directions, choosing instead to struggle with maps and signs until I found my way. Then one day on the island of Koh Phangan, in Thailand, everything 25 . I was swimming in
47、the ocean with Sean, my fiance(未婚夫), when he was 26 by a box jellyfish(箱型水母). He 27 within three minutes, 25 years old. Yet when onlookers and travellers asked if I wanted 28 , stubborn pride and force of habit 29 me accepting. But two young Israeli women stayed. 30 my protest(反对), they were with me
48、 even when the police tried to cover up the cause of Seans death. It was listed as drunk drowning to avoid hurting the 31 industry. The Israeli women could have walked away. 32 , without even telling me, they 33 their schedule rather than leave me behind. While I didnt realise it at that time, I now
49、 believe I would not have 34 the disaster without these great women. Actually, the person who needs help the most is usually the last person to ask for it. I have learned 35 is better than refusing because it not only helps you walk out of trouble, but also helps you know the real meaning of life. 2
50、1. A. struggling B. dealing C. confused D. satisfied 解析：解析：struggle withstruggle with 表示表示“与与做斗争做斗争”, , 根据上下文可知作者根据上下文可知作者 还在与是否要寻求帮助做斗争。还在与是否要寻求帮助做斗争。 答案：答案：A 22. A. offer B. accept C. seek D. desire 解析：解析：根据下文的根据下文的“when my offerswhen my offers”可知可知, ,作者甚至会给别人提供作者甚至会给别人提供 帮助。帮助。 答案：答案：A 23. A. ran
