1、英 语 Section Discovering Useful Structures 词汇认知词汇认知 汉译英汉译英 1. download vt.下载下载 n.下载下载;已下载的数据资料已下载的数据资料 2. republic n.共和国共和国 3. professional adj.专业的专业的;职业的职业的 n.专业人员专业人员;职业职业选手选手 4. archaeologist n.考古学家考古学家 5. entrance n.入口入口;进入进入 6. pyramid n.(古埃及的古埃及的)金字塔金字塔;棱锥体棱锥体 7. process n.过程过程;进程进程;步骤步骤 vt.处理处
2、理;加工加工 8. overseas adj.海外的海外的 adv.在海外在海外 9. exit n.出口出口;通道通道 vi.离去离去 语法图解语法图解 定语从句定语从句(3)限制性定语从句限制性定语从句 探究发现探究发现 阅读下列句子阅读下列句子,注意句中的画线部分注意句中的画线部分 1.Happiness and success often come to those who are good at recognising their own strengths. 2.The date when he joined the League was July 1,2018. 3.The ho
3、use where he lived is now a library. 4.I really didnt know the reason why he was late again. 5.Confucius is the philosopher whose influence has been the greatest in China. 6.Here is the money with which you can buy books that you need. 7.I dont like the way that/in which he speaks to me. 限制性定语从句用来限制
4、限制性定语从句用来限制 先行词先行词 的意义的意义,是句子不可或是句子不可或 缺的成分缺的成分,没有它整个句子的意思便不完整或不明确。引导没有它整个句子的意思便不完整或不明确。引导 限制性定语从句的关系代词有指人的限制性定语从句的关系代词有指人的 who , whom , that , whose ;指物的指物的 that which whose ; 关系副词有关系副词有 when , where , why 。 词汇精讲词汇精讲 1.【教材原文】【教材原文】We met a professional archaeologist at the entrance to the Great Pyr
5、amid.(Page 6) 我们在大金字塔的入口处遇到一位专业的考古学家我们在大金字塔的入口处遇到一位专业的考古学家。 考点考点professional adj.专业的专业的;职业的职业的 n.专业人员专业人员;职业选手职业选手 profession n.(需要专门技能需要专门技能,尤指需要较高教育水平的某一尤指需要较高教育水平的某一) 行业行业;职业职业 the profession 业内人士业内人士;同行同行 professionally adv.在工作上在工作上;在职业上在职业上 professionalise vt.使职业化使职业化;使专业化使专业化 语境领悟语境领悟 (1)Most
6、of the people on the course were professional women. 参加本课程的大多数人是职业妇女。参加本课程的大多数人是职业妇女。 (2)He was an electrician by profession. 他的职业是名电工。他的职业是名电工。 (3)After the injury,he never played professionally again. 受伤以后受伤以后,他再也没有参加职业比赛。他再也没有参加职业比赛。 学以致用学以致用 单句语法填空单句语法填空 (1)We need a complete change,both profess
7、ionally (profession) and personally. (2)If it is a legal matter,you need to seek professional (profession) advice. (3)She was at the very top of her profession (profession). (4)The Secretary responded with a question:“How do you professionalise (profession) the profession?” 2.【教材原文】【教材原文】He explaine
8、d to us the process of building such a difficult structure.(Page 6) 他给我们解释了建造如此难的建筑物的过程。他给我们解释了建造如此难的建筑物的过程。 考点考点process n.过程过程;进程进程;步骤步骤 vt.处理处理;加工加工 in the process of在在的进程中的进程中 in process正在进行正在进行 processor n.加工机加工机;处理器处理器 语境领悟语境领悟 (1)Making a car is a long process. 制造一辆小汽车是一道很长的工序。制造一辆小汽车是一道很长的工序。
9、 (2)Most of the food we buy is processed in some way. 我们买的大部分食品都用某种方法加工过。我们买的大部分食品都用某种方法加工过。 (3)The bridge is in the process of being built. 大桥正在建设中。大桥正在建设中。 (4)The project is in process. 工程正在进行中。工程正在进行中。 学以致用学以致用 单句语法填空单句语法填空 (1)Itll take two weeks for your application to be processed (process). (2
10、)He has just changed a processor on his computer 完成句子完成句子 (3)那是学习过程中的正常现象。那是学习过程中的正常现象。 Its a normal part of the learning process . 语法精析语法精析 定语从句定语从句(3)限制性定语从句限制性定语从句 在句中起定语的作用在句中起定语的作用,修饰某一名词或代词修饰某一名词或代词,或修饰整个句或修饰整个句 子的从句叫做定语从句。被修饰的词叫做先行词。根据定语子的从句叫做定语从句。被修饰的词叫做先行词。根据定语 从句与先行词关系的紧密程度从句与先行词关系的紧密程度,可将
11、定语从句分为限制性定可将定语从句分为限制性定 语从句和非限制性定语从句。一般来说语从句和非限制性定语从句。一般来说,限制性定语从句在限制性定语从句在 意义上是先行词不可缺少的定语意义上是先行词不可缺少的定语,如果省略如果省略,所修饰的先行词所修饰的先行词 往往不明确往往不明确,这种定语从句前面一般不用逗号。这种定语从句前面一般不用逗号。 一、引导限制性定语从句的关系代词一、引导限制性定语从句的关系代词 1.Can you tell me more about the man who/that helped me the other day? that/who指人指人,在定语从句中做主语。在定语
12、从句中做主语。 2.The person who/whom/that I wrote to is his brother. who,whom,that指人指人,在定语从句中做宾语在定语从句中做宾语,也可省略。也可省略。 3.The train that/which has arrived is from Beijing. that,which指物指物,在定语从句中做主语。在定语从句中做主语。 4.This is the book which/that I bought yesterday. which,that指物指物,在定语从句中做宾语在定语从句中做宾语,也可省略。也可省略。 二、引导限制性
13、定语从句的关系副词二、引导限制性定语从句的关系副词 1.This was the time when/at which she left. when在从句中做时间状语在从句中做时间状语,有时也可用有时也可用at/on/in which代替。代替。 2.The gallery where/in which we held our exhibition is beautiful. where在从句中做地点状语在从句中做地点状语,有时也可用有时也可用in/at/on which代替。代替。 3.The reason why/for which he failed the exam is unknow
14、n. why在从句中做原因状语在从句中做原因状语,也可用也可用for which代替。代替。 4.The way that/in which he walks is funny. the way充当先行词在从句中做方式状语时充当先行词在从句中做方式状语时,用用that/in which 来引导来引导,连词也可省略。连词也可省略。 三、介词三、介词+关系代词关系代词which/whom/whose 1.China is the country in which the compass was first invented. in which在定语从句中充当地点状语在定语从句中充当地点状语,相当于
15、副词相当于副词where。 2.The professor to whom I spoke is a learned man. to whom中的中的to是动介搭配是动介搭配speak to,提前后只能用提前后只能用whom,介介 词提前不能与词提前不能与who,that连用。连用。 3.She is the very person with whose help I found my lost bike. 介词介词+whose做定语修饰其后的名词。做定语修饰其后的名词。 注意注意:在在“介词介词+关系代词关系代词”引导的定语从句中引导的定语从句中,介词的选择依介词的选择依 据习惯搭配而定据习
16、惯搭配而定;并且在一些固定搭配中并且在一些固定搭配中,如动词短语如动词短语,有时动有时动 词和介词不可分割词和介词不可分割,因此不能把介词置于关系代词之前。因此不能把介词置于关系代词之前。 4.This is the pen which/that/Im looking for. 即学即练即学即练 单句语法填空单句语法填空 (1)The exact year that/which her family spent together in China was 2018. (2)Traffic can be dangerous for all of us.There is nothing that
17、will ruin your day faster than a traffic jam. (3)Is there anyone in your class whose family is in the north? (4)In the end,it was his teacher to whom he turned for comfort and help. (5)There is no reason why we shouldnt be friends. 单句改错单句改错 (6)She is a kind girl with who you can get along well. whow
18、hom (7)This is the way in which I came up with. 去掉去掉in (8)The factory that he used to work has closed. thatwhere (9)Around 120 people now attend four free workshops each week across Norfolk,two thirds of who have had no contact with mental health services. whowhom (10)They came to the park that they met for the first time. thatwhere
