1、中考总复习 题型专题训练题型专题训练 专题三专题三 阅读阅读 ( (一一) ) 中考总复习 1 3 直击重点直击重点 2 题型分析题型分析 名师点拨名师点拨 中考特训中考特训 4 阅读理解对中考考生来讲是一种较高水平的能 力要求，是一项难度较高的测试题。对考生的要求 有：1. 能根据上下文和构词法推断、理解生词的含 义；2. 能理解段落中各句子之间的逻辑关系；3. 能 找出文章中的主题，理解故事的情节，预测故事情 节的发展和可能的结局；4. 能读懂常见体裁的阅读 材料；5. 能根据不同的阅读目的运用简单的阅读策 略获取信息。 直击重点直击重点 题型分析题型分析 题号 题型 题量 分值 常见考查
2、内容 A 应用文 阅读 5 10 新闻报道、广告、通知、 使用说明等应用文。 B 说明文 阅读 5 10 有关科技、文学艺术、 历史地理等的说明文。 C 阅读 填空 5 10 1. 故事情节和事件发展 顺序； 2段落中各句子之间 的逻辑关系。 1先读懂问题，弄清考查要点，以便能带着问题 看文章，心中有数，有的放矢。 2快速浏览全文，掌握全貌，注意发现与问题有 关的信息，如果时间紧，至少要扫视一下起首段和 尾段。再把标题和文章内容结合起来想一想，这样 全文大意便清楚了。 名师点拨名师点拨 3细读原文，捕捉相关信息词，掌握短文细节内 容。应特别注意以下几点： (1)抓住4W1H，就是边读边用铅笔做
3、些标记，把 What(事件)，When(时间)，Where(地点)，Why(原 因)，How(经过)划出来。抓住了四个“W”和一个 “H”，就抓住了文章的全貌，一些直接性的问题便 可解决。 名师点拨名师点拨 (2)抓住连接词及起关键作用的副词、代词、介词 、插入语等。因为这些词具有因果，让步，递进， 转折，指代，列举及承上启下等各种连接上下文的 特殊功能。这对考生分清文章层次，辨明各种关系 ，了解人物心理，推断作者意图，进行逻辑推理等 手段来分析难点，都具有举足轻重的作用。 名师点拨名师点拨 (3)根据题意，初选答案。这一步须仔细审题，领 会测试要求，确定解题方法。对那些明显的，有把 握的题可
4、以断然确定，不必把其余三个答案再作推 敲而浪费时间：有些略难的题，应再查阅短文(不 是重读一遍)，迅速找出依据，予以排除。常用的 解题方法有如下几种： 名师点拨名师点拨 直接解题法。即从原文中直接找出答案。 归纳解题法。对于不能从原文中直接找出答案的 可在把握全文中心和线索的前提下进行概括、归纳 得出正确答案，该方法运用于归纳大意或选取适合 标题。 综合推理法。读者需统观全文，认真分析，综合 推理及至计算，最后归纳出正确答案。 名师点拨名师点拨 捕捉关键词。在阅读时应该注意与问题相关的同 义词，近义词，反义词或同位词等信息词来得出正 确答案。方法和可运用于B篇中的词义猜测中。 转换解题法。即原
5、文这么说，而在问题和所给选 项中则用另外的词去转换一种说法，但仍表示同一 含义。 名师点拨名师点拨 4重读原文，仔细斟酌核对答案。再将原文读一 遍；用全文的主题思想统率各思考题，目的在于对 所做答案进一步审查，推出未解答的题，以便减少 失误。 名师点拨名师点拨 (一一)(2020 广东中考广东中考) A It is necessary for students to learn some team skills like developing relationships, communicating well with others and solving problems. Here are
6、 two fun team activities. Activity 1：Water Relay(接力赛接力赛) Tools Two large buckets(水桶) to hold water One small bucket for each team member Instructions Fill one large bucket with water. Make holes in the bottom of the small buckets. Have the team members line up between the two large buckets. 中考特训中考特训
7、 Pass the water from one large bucket to the other, using small buckets. Try to keep as much water as possible. Why Its Fun Its fun to work out a way to lose as little water as possible. Its water. Isnt it fun to get you wet on a hot summer day? Activity 2：Truth and Lie This activity will allow team
8、 members to learn about each other. Instructions Have each team member think of three pieces of information about themselves, and one of them is a lie. 中考特训中考特训 Each team member tells the group all the three pieces of information. Let the other team members guess which is the lie. Why Its Fun Studen
9、ts love talking about themselves and this gives them the chance to do so. Members can learn about each other. Members will be surprised at what others think of them. 中考特训中考特训 ( )1. How many team skills does the writer mention(提及) in Paragraph 1? AOne. BTwo. CThree. DFour. C 中考特训中考特训 ( )2. What tools
10、 are needed for each team in Water Relay? AOne large bucket for each member. BTwo large buckets for each member. COne small bucket for each member and two large buckets. DTwo small buckets for each member and one large bucket. C 中考特训中考特训 ( )3. In order to win Water Relay, the team members should _.
11、Aget themselves wet Blose as little water as possible Cpass the water as slowly as possible Dpass the large bucket to the other team B 中考特训中考特训 ( )4. It is fun to play Truth and Lie because team members can _. Atalk about themselves Bshare love with each other Ctell lies to surprise others Dlearn al
12、l the information about others A 中考特训中考特训 ( )5. This passage is most probably from _. Aa science book Ba travel guide Ca news website Da school magazine D 中考特训中考特训 B Once there were many thousands of Gourma Desert(沙漠) elephants in Mali, a county in West Africa. Now, there are fewer than four hundred
13、. Why did the number of the elephants drop so quickly? On the one hand, the elephants main lake, their only water source(来源), dried up. On the other hand, the land which the elephants lived on was overused by humans. 中考特训中考特训 To protect the elephants living environment, the Mali Elephant Project(MEP
14、) was started in 2007. MEP met with local people and helped them make rules of using land and water. As a result, the situation became better and there was more food, forest and grassland. However, from 2012 to 2016, poaching(偷猎) and illegal trade in the elephants increased rapidly. Eighty-three ele
15、phants were lost in 2015 alone, and 中考特训中考特训 another fifty-one elephants were killed in 2016. “If this situation goes on, all the Gourma elephants will be killed by 2020，” said a member of MEP. Luckily, the voice of MEP was heard. More organizations(组织) have joined together to educate the local peop
16、le that trading elephants is against the law. Elephant poaching has dropped to very low level. The local people have learned to live peacefully with the elephants, one of the wildlife treasures in the world. 中考特训中考特训 ( )6. MEP was started to _. Araise more elephants in Mali Bstop the main lake from
17、drying up Cdiscover water source for elephants Dprotect the elephants living environment D 中考特训中考特训 ( )7. What does the word “illegal” in Paragraph 4 mean in Chinese? A公平的 B亏损的 C非法的 D合理的 ( )8. Eighty-three elephants were lost _. Ain 2012 Bin 2015 Cin 2016 Din 2020 C B 中考特训中考特训 ( )9. We can learn fro
18、m the last paragraph that _. Athe number of organizations has dropped Bthere is much less elephant poaching now Cthe local people keep the elephants at home Dthe whole world live peacefully with elephants B 中考特训中考特训 ( )10. This passage is mainly about _. Athe rules of using land and water Bthe education of the local people Cthe work of Mali Elephant Project Dthe situation of Gourma Desert elephants D 中考特训中考特训 C 配对阅读。左栏是在华工作的外籍专家Mr. Jack Frank家庭成员的信息，右栏是关于中国传统 文化线上展览的简介。请为每位家庭成员选择合适 的展览，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。 中考特训中考特训 G B E F A 中考特训中考特训
