1、中考总复习 语法专题语法专题 专题二专题二 冠词冠词 中考总复习 1 3 知识导图知识导图 2 考点梳理考点梳理 中考特训中考特训 知识导图知识导图 语法分析：不定冠词a/an，定冠词the 考点一：不定冠词 考点梳理考点梳理 不定冠 词a和an 的区别 a修饰辅音音素开头的可数名词，而an修饰元音音素 开头的可数名词：a boy，a book，an orange，an apple，an eraser，an island，an “F”/ “M”/ “X” 单独字母前的a 和an的选用请记住一句话：Mr. Li has one fox. 字母在这句话里面的用an，不在的用a 不发音的h：an h
2、our，an honest boy u字母开头的单词：a university，a uniform，a useful book，a UFO，a union （u发ju：辅音音素开头）， an umbrella，an unusual story（u发元音音素开头） 语法分析：不定冠词a/an，定冠词the 考点一：不定冠词 考点梳理考点梳理 不定冠 词的用 法 泛指某一类人或物：A monkey is very clever. 猴子是非常聪明的。 表示数量“一”，相当于one：I have a basketball. 我有一个篮球。 第一次提到某物或人：An old lady is waitin
3、g for you. 一位年长的女士在等你。 表示“每一”，相当于every: once a week 用于某些固定搭配，如：a little，a lot of，in a hurry， for a while，all of a sudden，have a look/cold/rest，take a walk，a number of，have a good time，a moment ago， once upon a time，make a face 考点二：定冠词 用法 例子 1. 特指某些人或某些物 或上文已经提到过的人 或物 The girl under the tree is my si
4、ster. 树下的女孩是我的姐姐。 2. 指谈话双方都知道的 人或物 Wheres the police station? 警察局在哪里？ 3. 世界上独一无二的事 物 The sun rises in the east. 太阳从东方升起。 4. 用在乐器前 Can you play the piano? 你会弹钢琴吗？ 考点梳理考点梳理 考点二：定冠词 用法 例子 5. 用在序数词和形容词 最高级前 He is always the first to school，so he is one of the most hardworking students in his class. 他总是第
5、一个到学校，所以他是班 里最勤奋的学生之一。 6. 用在方位词前 Shanghai is in the east of China. 上海位于中国的东部。 7. 用在姓氏的复数前， 表示“一家人”或“夫妇” 两人 The Greens are on vacation in Beijing. 格林一家在北京度假。 考点梳理考点梳理 考点二：定冠词 用法 例子 8. 用在某些形容词前， 表示“某一类人” The young should take care of the old. 年轻人应该照顾老人家。 9. 江河湖海及山脉前 The Yellow River is the second long
6、est river in China. 黄河是中国的第二长河。 10. 名词后有后置定语 （定语从句，介词短语 等） The bike I bought yesterday was lost this morning. 我昨天买的那本书在今天早上丢了。 11. 用在普通名词构成 的专有名词前 The Great Wall is a good place to go sightseeing. 长城是观光的好地方。 考点梳理考点梳理 考点二：定冠词 用法 例子 12. 用在某些固定词组中： all the time（一直） at the same time（同时） at the moment（此时
7、） at the end of（在的尽头） at the age of（在岁时） by the way（顺便一提） in the end（最后） in the morning（在早上） in the future（在未来） in the middle of（在中间） in the front of（在的前面） look the same（看上去一样） on the way（to） （在的路上） the day after tomorrow（后天） the number of（的数量） 考点梳理考点梳理 考点三：无冠词的情况 用法 例子 1. 泛指一类人或物， 用在专有名词（国 名，人名，城市名
8、） 前不用冠词 Money is not everything. （不可数名词） 钱不是万能的。 Monkeys are clever. （复数名词） 猴子很聪明的。 Lucy has lived in China for ten years. （专有名词） 露西在中国住了十年。 考点梳理考点梳理 考点三：无冠词的情况 用法 例子 2. 名词前有限定词时。常用限 定词有：指示代词（this，that， these，those）；形容词性物主 代词（my，your，his，her， their，our）；其他词（some， any，no，every），无需再用 冠词 This is my roo
9、m. 这是我的房间。 Tony is my best friend. 托尼是我最好的朋友。 3. 在年，星期、月份、季节、 节日前 on Sunday，in January，in summer，on Childrens Day 考点梳理考点梳理 续表 用法 例子 4. 在语言、学科、 三餐、球类运动、 棋类运动前 They have breakfast at home every day. 他们每天在家吃早餐。 Simon likes playing chess. 西蒙喜欢下棋。 *比较He likes playing basketball，but he hates playing the p
10、iano. 5. 与by连用的交通 工具名称前 Most students in the city go to school by bus. Most students in the city go to school on the bus. 城里大部分学生乘公 共汽车上学。 6. 表示地名和人名 前 Tom exercises in the park in the morning. 汤姆早上在公园锻炼。 考点梳理考点梳理 续表 7. 在固定短语中： at first（最初） at work（上班） at night（在晚上） at home（在家） at once（马上） day and n
11、ight（整日整夜） on foot（步行） go to school（去上学） go to bed（去睡觉） in time（及时） in sight（看见） on time（按时） watch TV（看电视） learn by heart（用心学） by mistake（出错） year after year（一年又一年） 考点梳理考点梳理 1. 有无定冠词的区别有无定冠词的区别 考点梳理考点梳理 at table 吃饭 at the table 在桌子旁 in hospital 因病住院 in the hospital 在医院里（不一 定是病人） in front of 在前方（在指 定
12、范围之外） in the front of 在前方（在 指定范围之内） in class 在课堂上 in the class 在班上 on earth 究竟 on the earth 在地球上 2. 用于固定结构中用于固定结构中“What a/an 单数可数名词单数可数名词”及及 “such a/an 单数可数名词单数可数名词”结构，表惊叹！如：结构，表惊叹！如： *试比较What a lovely day！和What lovely weather! How did you make such a mistake? 你怎么能犯这样的错误？ 考点梳理考点梳理 3. a number of和和th
13、e number of a number of许多，大量的，后跟可数名词复数形式， 作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。 the number of的数量，后跟可数名词复数形式，但 作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。 eg. A number of books are on sale in the store. 书店里 很多的书都是大减价。 The number of the books is 2 000. 书的数量是两千本。 考点梳理考点梳理 一、语法单项选择。 （ ）1. Great Wall is one of the seven wonders around the world. A. The
14、B. A C. An D. / （ ）2. new study says that going to bed late is harmful to our health. A. /；/ B. A；/ C. A；the D. The；the A B 中考特训中考特训 （ ）3. Whites are preparing for the coming Christmas. A. A B. An C. The D. / （ ）4. Have you ever seen teleplay Cats Cradle （隐秘的角落） ? Yes, it is exciting teleplay. I lik
15、e it very much. A. a; an B. the; an C. a; the D. the; a B C 中考特训中考特训 （ ）5. Nicole has one-year-old sister. She loves her so much. Yes. She spends hour playing with her every day. A. an；an B. a；an C. a；the D. the；an B 中考特训中考特训 （ ）6. Shanghai University of Engineering Science has become first universi
16、ty covered by a 5G network in China. What good news! A. a；a B. a；/ C. the；a D. the；/ D 中考特训中考特训 （ ）7. Bob is not going to Guiyang by . plane. Instead, he is taking train. A. /; a B. a; / C. a; the D. the; a （ ）8. Look at boy over there. He looks excited. Yeah，he has won first prize in the school Eng
17、lish Reading / （ ）10. Beijing is capital of China. It has long history. A. the；an B. a；an C. the; a D. the；/ B C 中考特训中考特训 二、短文填空单句训练。 1. new study says that going to bed late is harmful to our health. 2. woman in red is my aunt. She is a teacher. 3. I would like to take walk with my family after din
18、ner. A The a 中考特训中考特训 4. He got first prize in the 100meter race. 5. People grow rice in south of China. 6. I think flowers are best gift for our teachers on Teachers Day. the the the 中考特训中考特训 三、小语篇训练。 Mevan Babakar had a difficult start in life. Her family escaped from Iraq to Europe during the Gul
19、f War in 1 1990s. They spent 2 year in a camp where people lived in bad conditions. She was a little child then, but she used to think it could be the end of 3 world every day. Future to her was 4 dream that would never come true. 中考特训中考特训 One day, she stood there alone, watching other children play
20、ing in 5 sun. Their laughter and happiness made her find herself nowhere to go. Just then, a man who worked in the camp pushed 6 . red, shiny bike and came up to her. “Its for you，” he said to her. Little Mevan was so joyful to get 7 . bike and laughed loudly, covering her mouth with her dirty hands
21、. From then on, she believed that there would be hope and chances. 中考特训中考特训 Mevan now works and lives happily in 8 . London. She decided to find the man and put up 9 . old photo of them in the camp on Twitter. To her surprise, people helped her find the worker named Egbert soon. He is living in Germ
22、any now. Later on, the pair met again and Mevan showed her thanks to him. But Egbert thought giving away the bike to Mevan was such 10 small action that it was not worth mentioning. 中考特训中考特训 （ ）1. A. the B. a C. an D. / （ ）2. A. an B. a C. / D. the （ ）3. A. an B. a C. the D. / （ ）4. A. the B. an C.
23、a D. / （ ）5. A. an B. a C. / D. the A B C C D 中考特训中考特训 （ ）6. A. a B. an C. / D. the （ ）7. A. a B. an C. / D. the （ ）8. A. a B. / C. an D. the （ ）9. A. a B. an C. / D. the （ ）10. A. the B. / C. an D. a A D B B D 中考特训中考特训 四、语法选择。 Once there was a great saint （圣人）. In his last days, someone asked him a
24、bout his teachers. The saint said, “ 1 you asked, I will certainly tell you about one of them. ” “Twenty years ago, I explored in a desert and got lost. It was too late when I reached a village. I saw a man 2 a hole in a wall. Then I asked him if I 中考特训中考特训 could find a place to stay. He replied, “Y
25、ou can stay with me, if it is OK with you to stay with 3 thief. ” I stayed with him for a month. Each night when he came back, I asked him, “Did you get anything today？” “No, not tonight but tomorrow I 4 again. God willing，” he replied 5 a hopeful voice. 中考特训中考特训 I tried hard to achieve my goals for
26、 years but 6 changed. When I got so hopeless that I thought of giving up, I 7 remember the words, “God willing. Tomorrow it is going to happen. ” A lesson 8 to me by the thief: Never give up and be 9 . 中考特训中考特训 I had no teacher but this didnt mean that I was not a learner. I accepted this whole univ
27、erse, whole existence （存在） as my teacher. In this world there are 10 sources and we can learn from every possible source. ” 中考特训中考特训 （ ）1. A. Since B. After C. Although D. If （ ）2. A. to make B. make C. making D. made （ ）3. A. a B. an C. the D. / （ ）4. A. try B. tried C. am trying D. will try （ ）5.
28、A. for B. in C. at D. with A C A D B 中考特训中考特训 （ ）6. A. something B. everything C. nothing D. anything （ ）7. A. should B. must C. would D. might （ ）8. A. teaches B. was taught C. was teaching D. has taught （ ）9. A. hope B. hopeful C. hopeless D. hopefully （ ）10. A. million B. million of C. millions D. millions of C C B B D 中考特训中考特训
