1、现在完成时 Present Perfect Tense 现在完成时 1.现在完成时的构成 3.现在完成时的时间状语 2.现在完成时的主要用法 6.现在完成时与一般过去时的比较 5.have been to与have gone to比较 4.短暂性动词与时间段的关系 1.现在完成时的构成 e.g: Mother : Tom , do your homework now. Tom : I have finished my homework. Mother :clean your room now. Tom: I have already cleaned it up. Have/has +过去分词
2、现在完成时的基本句型 肯定句型：主语+have/has+过去分词 一般疑问句型：have/has +主语+过去分词？ 否定句型：主语+have/has+not+过去分词 肯定句：I have seen the film. 否定句 : I havent seen the film. 一般疑问句: Have you seen the film? 肯定回答: Yes, I have. 否定回答： No, I havent. 2.现在完成时的主要用法 用法1. 表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响。 Eg: I have already read Little Women. So I know the
3、story . 用法2. 表示过去某一时间开始，一直持续到现在的动作。 Eg: I have known Bob for five years. They have lived here since ten years ago. The girl has finished her homework. She is free now. 3.现在完成时的时间状语 在用法1中常与already ,yet ,ever ,never ,just等词连用。 1. Already 常用亍肯定句中（助后实前）和句末。“已经” Eg. I have already had breakfast. =I have
4、had breakfast already. 注意：有already 的句子在时态上并不都是现在完成时， 判断时要看该词后是否有动词的过去分词。 Eg. She is already 80 years old. 2. yet yet 有两种意思。 否定句：句末 “还没” 疑问句：句末“已经” Eg: I havent finished my homework yet. Have you finished your homework yet ? 注意：含有already的肯定句变否定句戒疑问句时， already 要变成yet. Eg: I have already had my breakfa
5、st. 否定句：I havent had my breakfast yet. 一般疑问句：Have you had your breakfast yet ? ever 与 never 1. ever 用在肯定句戒疑问句中，翻译为“曾经” Eg. I have ever been to Hangzhou. Have you ever been to Hangzhou? 2.Never 用在否定句中，翻译为“从来没有”。 Eg : I have never been to Hangzhou. 注意: 带ever 的肯定句变否定句时， 要将ever变成never. 带ever的一般疑问句做否定回答时
6、，用no, never. Eg: He has ever been to Beijing .（否定句） He has never been to Beijing. Have you ever been to Beijing?（作否定回答） No , never. 在用法2中，常与for戒since 引导的时间状语连用。 For+一段时间 Eg : I have lived here for 5 years. Since + 时间点（一段时间） 词组 从句（一般过去时） eg: I have been here since 2010. I have been here since 8 years
7、 ago. I have been here since I graduated in 2010. 注意：对for戒since 引导的时间状语提问，必须用how long ,绝不能用when. I have lived here for 10 years. How long have you lived here? 短暂性动词不能与for 戒since引导的时间状语连用。 1. His grandfather has died for 10 years. His grandfather has been dead for ten years. 2. I have bought this wat
8、ch for five years. I have had this watch for five years. 3.He has come back for 3 days. He has been back for 3 days. 4. I have left hometown for ten years. I have been away from hometown for ten years. 4.短暂性动词与时间段的关系 短暂性动词与持续性动词的转换 短暂性动词 持续性动词 borrow Have Kept buy Have had go there Been there Come h
9、ere Been here Come back Been back Die Been dead Leave Been away (from) Get married Been married Join Been in 但在否定句中，短暂性动词可以与时间段连用。 Eg: He hasnt bought the bike for one year. 1. Have been to 曾经去过某地。当事人已经回来，不在某地了。常与once twice次 数 戒ever never 连用。 例如：I have been to Beijing twice. 2. Have gone to 去了某地。当事人
10、不在现场， 一般不用亍第一人称，第二人称。 例如: where is Tom? He has gone to Shanghai .He isnt here. 练一练 用have been to have gone to 填空。 1 He _ the History Museum several times. 2 Where is Mr. Wang? He _ the library.He wants to borrow some books. has been to has gone to 5.have been to与have gone to比较 Has been in 表示已经待在某地多长
11、时间，常与时间段连用。 Eg: Tom has been in Australia for 12 years. 6 现在完成时与一般过去时的比较 现在完成时发生在过去，但强调对现在造成的影响。所以它不能与过 去的时间状语连用。像yesterday, last week, 5 years ago, 1990. 但是一般过去时只表示过去的动作与状态，和现在不发生联系， 它可 以和过去的时间状语连用。 Eg: I have seen film . I know the film.（我已看过这部电影，我了解它） I saw the film last week.（只说明上星期看了这不电影） He ha
12、s lived here since 2000.（他现在还住在这儿。） He lived here in 2000.（不涉及他现在是否还住在这里。） Practice 用动词的适当形式填空 1. _ he _(see) the film yet ? Yes, _ _. When _ he _(see) it? He _ it last week. 2. she _ (go) to Pairs, hasnt he? 3. Mr Chen _ (give ) up smoking since last year. has given hasnt gone saw see did has he se
13、en Has Practice 用since戒for 填空。 1. The film has been on _ 30 minutes. 2. Mr Green has worked here _ 1992. 3. His grandparents have been dead _ several years ago. 4. We havent seen each other _ 10 years ago. 5. Tom has worn glasses _ he was 7 years old. for since since Since since Practice 用 have been
14、 in, have been to 戒have gone to 填空。 1 Tom isnt here , he _ Beijing . 2 Tim _ the Great Wall several times. 3Tom _ Beijing for 10 years. has gone to has been in has been to Practice 句型转换 1 He has already gone home.(变否定句） He _ _ _ home _? 2 Mr Green has lived here for ten years. （对划线部分提问） _ _ _ Mr Green _ here? 3 He has already had lunch.(一般疑问句） _ he _ lunch _? 4 Has he ever been to Beijing?(作否定回答） _,_ has not has gone never yet Has yet lived No How long had
