1、现在现在完成时完成时(一一)基本概念基本概念时态时态主谓宾主谓宾主系表主系表一般现在时I do my homework.I am a teacher.一般过去时I went to Sanya last year.I was fat ago.一般将来时I am going to/will visit the Great Wall tomorrow.现在进行时We are listening to the music now.过去进行时They were watching football match at 9:00 yesterday.1.-Have you read Little Woman
2、yet?-Yes,I have already read it.-No,I havent read it yet.2.Has he ever seen Avengers IV?My boy has just started junior high school.Hes never been to the water park before.1.现在完成时表示 1)动作发生在过去并对现在有影响或产生结果。2表示从过去开始一直延续到现在（可能延续下去）的动作或者状态。2.结构：主语+have/has+done(过去分词)3.have/has相当于助动词,变疑问提前，变否定havent/hasntH
3、e has turned off the light.他已经关灯了 1）表示发生在过去的动作对现在仍有影响。The light is off.He turned off the light.He has turned off the light.过去过去现在现在将来将来He has lived here since 1995.自从1995年以来，他一直住在这儿2）表示从过去开始一直延续到现在（可能延续下去）的 动作或者状态。He has lived here since 1995He began to live here in 1995.living here.过去过去现在现在将来将来In 1
4、995In 1995您的内容打在这里，或者通过复制您的文本后，在此框中选择粘贴，并选择只保留文字。点击添加标题您的内容打在这里，或者通过复制您的文本后，在此框中选择粘贴，并选择只保留文字。点击添加标题您的内容打在这里，或者通过复制您的文本后，在此框中选择粘贴，并选择只保留文字。点击添加标题点击添加标题现在完成时 标志性词已经还从未曾经刚刚以前两次alreadyalreadyyetyetneverneverjusjust tbeforebefore twicetwiceeveever r7词7短语到目前为止自从(那时)近几年在过去的几年里so far up to so far up to now
5、nowever since(then)ever since(then)in recent in recent yearsyearsin the past/last few.in the past/last few.yearsyears2特 since for+过去时间点过去时间点/过去时的句子过去时的句子+一段时间一段时间用法用法辨析：辨析：already yetevernever justbefore“已经，早已已经，早已”多多用于用于肯定句肯定句“还，尚还，尚”多用于多用于否定、疑问句否定、疑问句“曾经曾经”用于用于疑问句疑问句“从未从未”表表否定否定“恰好，刚刚恰好，刚刚”用于用于肯定句
6、肯定句“之前之前”副词，用于副词，用于句末句末一起来找标词1.Have you found your pen yet?2.He has lived here since 1978.3.He has already turned off the light.4.I have been in the army for more than 5 years.5.I have just turned off the light.6.I have been to the Great Wall twice.7.Great changes have taken place in China in the pa
7、st ten years.过去分词AAA型型：costcostcostcostcostcostcutcutcutcutcutcuthithithithithithithurthurthurthurthurthurtletletletletletletputputputputputputsetsetsetsetsetsetshutshutshutshutshutshutreadreadreadreadreadreadABB型型：winwinwonwonwonwondigdigdugdugdugdugloseloselostlostlostlostcomecomecamecamecomecomer
8、unrunranranrunrunbecomebecomebecamebecamebecomebecomeABA型型：ABC型型：beginbeginbeganbeganbegunbegunfallfallfellfellfallenfallenseeseesawsawseenseen思考:一般过去时与现在完成时的区别He lived in the house in 1990.He has lived in the house since 1990.I read the book last year.I have read the book before.She returned from S
9、hanghai yesterday.She has been back from Shanghai for two days.区别区别一般过去时一般过去时现在完成时现在完成时强调点强调点强调动作发生在过去的时间强调过去的动作对现在造成的结果和影响标志词标志词yesterday，last yearthree days ago,in 2007already,yet,ever,never,just,before,recently,so far,up to now,in recent years，in the past/last 时间段时间段现在现在完成时完成时(二二)去了哪人在哪去了哪人在哪-Whe
10、re is your father?-He has gone to England.Jim has been to Beijing twice.I have been in Beijing for five years.have gone to“已经去某地”说话时该人不在现场尚未回来。have been to“曾经去过某地”，现在已不在那里了。have been in“在某地呆了多长时间”常与时间段状语连用。been to,gone to，been in 三个短语意不同have been to+地点曾经去过人已回have gone to+地名去了某地人未归have been in+地点和时间段
11、待在某地段时间可能还要待下去用法口诀()1.-Where is your father?-He isnt at home.He _ Zhejiang.A.has gone toB.has been toC.have been toD.have gone to()2.-Where is your uncle?I havent seen him for a long time.-He _ Beijing for about half a year.A.has gone toB.has been toC.has arrived inD.has been in()3.-Paris is a wonde
12、rful place.-So it is.I _ there twice.A.have beenB.have goneC.wentD.willADA现在现在完成时完成时(三三)时间状语时间状语Toms grandfather has worked here for nearly 30 years.I have visited London twice.Susan has just finished her homework.I have lost my dictionary.表示从过去持续续到现在的动作或状态表示从过去某时到现在的经历经历表示现在刚完成完成的动作动作表示现在是“做了”的结果结果
13、现在完成时各种情况下常用的时间状语：1.表示从过去持续续到现在的动作或状态 since+表示过去的时间的短语或句子，for+段时间，how long2.表示从过去某时到现在的经历：经历：ever,never,before,once,times等 3.表示现在刚完成完成的动作：动作：already,yet,just等4.表示现在是“做了”的结果：结果：不需要时间状语，靠语境来解决。特例：It is ten years since we left.笔记天地()1.In the past few years there _ great changes in my hometown.A.had bee
14、nB.have beenC.wereD.are()2.-How long have you studied English?-I _ English since I was five.A.studyB.studiedC.have studiedD.has studied()3.-What do you think of that movie?-Wonderful.I _ it three times.A.watchB.watchedC.have watchedD.willBCC表示从过去某时到现在的经历经历表示从过去持续续到现在的动作或状态表示现在刚完成完成的动作动作I have been t
15、here for five days.The Greens have lived in China for three years.She hasnt had her English book since last week.My mother has been up since 5:00 a.m.Twenty years has passed since my mother taught in the school.Its a week since she came here.for+一段时间since+时间点一段时间+has passed+since+从句(时态为一般过去时)Its+一段时
16、间+since+从句(时态为一般过去时)笔记天地1）since 接过去的某一时间点，用来说明动作开始的时间。常用于固定句式：“It is+时间段+since+一般过去时的的从句”It is ten years since Bob left the hometown.2）for 后接一段时间，用来说明动作延续的时间长度。He has been abroad for two years.3）How long表示“多长时间”，在现在完成时中，常对“since+过去的某一时间 点”，“since+从句”或“for+一段时间”提问。-How long have you lived here?-Since
17、 19894）since和for的句式转换：since+时间段+ago=for+时间段 since 20 years ago=for 20 years.注意：since后加过去点时间或一般过去时句子 for+段时间1.How long have you _here?A.come B.got C.arrived D.been2.Both his parents look sad.Maybe they _whats happened to him.A.knew B.have known C.must know D.will know3.Harry potter is a very nice fil
18、m.I _it twice.A.will see B.have seen C.saw D.see小试牛刀4.我爸爸去过北京三次了。5.张老师在这所学校教书已经10年了。6.我爷爷10年前去世了。7.近几年，我的家乡发生了很多变化。DBBMy father has been to Beijing three times.Miss zhang has taught in this school for 10 years.My grandfather died 10 years ago.My hometown has changed in recent years.现在现在完成时完成时(四四)延续延
19、续/非延续性动词非延续性动词1.现完是点状的时间还是段状的时间？2.现完中的动词是否可以持续？3.如何判断动词是否可持续？4.不可持续的动词能否用于现完？瞬间动词延续性动词瞬间动词延续性动词buyborrowopenclosebegin/startcomegofinishdiecatch a coldput onget upwake upfall asleeplostjoinarrive/reachleave瞬间动词延续性动词瞬间动词延续性动词buyhaveborrowkeepopenbeopenclosebeclosedbegin/startbeoncomebeheregobetherefinishbeoverdiebedeadcatchacoldhaveacoldputonweargetupbeupwakeupbeawakefallasleepbeasleeplostnothavejoinbeinarrive/reachbein/atleavebeaway
