1、第14课 法西斯国家的侵略扩张,20世纪2030年代，意大利、德国和日本纷纷建立起法西斯政权。法西斯政权是怎样建立的？它们对世界产生了哪些影响？,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路
2、,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路
3、,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,意大利法西斯政权的对外扩张,建立：,第一次世界大战后初期，意大利经济衰退，政治混乱，墨索里尼乘机组织法西斯党。1922年，法西斯党徒向罗马进军，法西斯政权在意大利建立起来。,“法西斯”一词源于古代罗马。罗马共和国时期的最高行政长官有12个卫士相随。他们手持束棒，束棒中间插着一把战斧，象征着国家的最高权力。束棒用于施行笞刑，斧子用于执行死刑。“束棒”在古代罗马人使用的拉丁语中，读作“法西斯”。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路
4、,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路
5、,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,扩张：,1935年，意大利发动了侵略埃塞俄比亚的战争，第二
6、年宣布正式吞并埃塞俄比亚。,欧洲战争策源地的形成,经济大危机沉重打击了德国。1932年，德国的工业产量比1929年下降了近40%，农业产量下降近30%，失业人数超过600万。在经济大危机的打击下，广大中下层民众困苦不堪，对政府的不满加剧。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,
7、状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,
8、状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,德国法西斯专政建立：,1933年，希特勒出任德国总理，开始掌握国家大权。不久，他解散国会，禁止其他政党活动，建立了法西斯专政，第二次世界大战的欧洲战争策源地形成。,希特勒出生在奥地利一个普通海关职员家庭。1914年，他加入德国陆军，参加了第一次世界大战，战后退役。1919年，他加入德意志工人党，该党后改名为“德意志民族社会主义工人党”，即“纳粹党”。“纳粹”
9、是德文“民族的”和“社会主义的”,两个词缩写的音译。1921年，希特勒成为纳粹党领袖，1923年，他发动“啤酒馆暴动”，失败后被捕入狱。希特勒宣扬种族主义、民族沙文主义和复仇主义，攻击马克思主义。1924年出狱后，希特勒着手强化纳粹党。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状
10、元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状
11、元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,法西斯统治：,纳粹党利用“国会纵火案”，打击德国共产党。在纳粹统治下，几百万犹太人惨遭屠杀，成千上万的包括犹太科学家在内的优秀人士被迫流亡国外，其中有杰出物理学家爱因斯坦。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才
12、路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才
13、路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,扩军备战：,1935年，德国公开撕毁凡尔赛条约，实行义务兵役制，建立起庞大的军队。1936年，德国派兵进驻莱茵非军事区；1938年，吞并了奥地利；1939年3月，又吞并了捷克斯洛伐克。,亚
14、洲战争策源地的形成,日本觊觎中国之心由来已久。1927年，日本内阁宣称“欲征服中国，必先征服满蒙；欲征服世界，必先征服中国。”,在经济大危机中，日本经济受到重创。工业生产急剧萎缩，数百万人失业或半失业；农产品价格猛跌，农民负债累累。在国内外矛盾激化的形势下，日本出现了形形色色的法西斯组织。,军部是日本法西斯势力的核心。为了寻找出路，军部法西斯势力积极推动对外扩张。1931年，日本关东军策划九一八事变，发动了蓄谋已久的侵华战争，中国人民开始了艰苦卓绝的抗战。接着，日本迅速占领了中国的东北三省，扶植建立伪满洲国，并进一步蚕食中国的华北地区。,“军部”一词最初只指独立于政府、拥有军令大权的国家军事机
15、关，后来逐渐成为当时日本庞大军事官僚机构的总称。军部包括陆军省、海军省、参谋本部、海军军令部以及关东军和其他军事机关。军部不对议会负责，直属于天皇。,在控制了国家政权后，以军部为核心的日本法西斯势力对进步活动实行残酷镇压，并推行国民经济军事化，将全部国家机器纳入战争轨道。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状
16、元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状
17、元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,日本法西斯建立：,1936年，受军部控制的广田弘毅上台组阁，建立法西斯专政，第二次世界大战的亚洲战争策源地形成。,绥靖政策 20世纪30年代，英、法面临德、意、日的挑战。为了保护自己的既得利益，英、法采取了一种以牺牲其他国家利益为代价，与对手妥协的政策，这一政策被称为“绥靖政策”。1938年9月，英、法、德、意四国的首脑张伯
18、伦、达拉第、希,特勒和墨索里尼在德国的慕尼黑开会，签订慕尼黑协定，强行把捷克斯洛伐克的苏台德等地区割让给德国。慕尼黑协议的签订，将绥靖政策推向顶峰。绥靖政策的推行，使法西斯国家得寸进尺，侵略野心日益膨胀。世界濒临战争的边缘。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状
19、元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状
20、元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,法西斯国家的侵略扩张,意大利,背景：第一次世界大战后，意大利经济衰退，政治混乱,政权建立：墨索里尼法西斯党徒向罗马进军,统治：对内独裁，对外扩张,德国,背景：经济大危机的沉重打击；纳粹党努力地发展为第一大党,政权建立：希特勒出任德国总理,专政统治,打击共产党，迫害犹太人,扩军备战,日本,核心势力：军部,正式建立：广田弘毅上台组阁,侵华战争：九一八事变、七七事变,政策：“欲
21、征服中国，必先征服满蒙；欲征服世界，必先征服中国”,课堂小结,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路
22、,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,课堂练习,第一次世界大战后，法西斯势力在一个国家掌握政权最先出现于（ ） A.德国 B.意大利 C.日本 D.西班牙,B,20世纪世界政局风云变幻，两次世界大战深刻地改变了世界格局和世界面貌。德国法西斯专政建立的标志是（ ） A.希特勒出任德国总理，不久后将党、政、 军大权集于一身 B.纳粹党在德国跃居为国会第一大党 C.解散国会，禁止其他政党活动 D.德国派兵进驻莱茵非军事区,A,日本法西斯主义不同于其他法西斯国家的主要特点是（ ） A.对外侵略扩张 B.对内独裁统治 C.反对共产国际运动 D.以军部为核心,D,
