（精）人教版八年级下册英语第12讲 Unit 10 I`ve had this bike for three years词句精讲精练与综合能力演练 （2份打包）（含答案）.zip

1 Unit 10 Ive had this bike for three years. 综合能力演练综合能力演练 I. 单项选择。单项选择。 1Have you locked the windows ______? YesI have _______ locked them Aalready：already Byet；yet Cyet；already Dalready；yet 2I have bought a nice dress Where _______ you _______ it? Ahave；bought Bdid；buy Cwill；buy Ddo；buy 3Wang Lin says the purpose of staying in the United States is _______ more chances _______ English from Americans Ato get；to learn Bgetting；to learn Cgetting；in Dto get；getting 4My friend，Darren，is coming to visit us. Im looking forward _______ him Ameet Bmeeting Cto meet Dto meeting 5The radio is too noisy and there is nothing interesting on itWhy dont you _______? All rightIll do that Aturn it on Bturn it off Cturn it back Dturn it up 6When did you start your math homework? One hour ago，but I _______ it yet Adidnt finish Bfinished Chave finished Dhavent finished 7_______ wasnt easy to win the match AIt BThat CThis DOne 8How long have you ______ the book? For three days Aborrowed Bkept Clent Dbought 9She is one of _______ singersI like her very much 2 Afamous Bthe most famous Cmore famous Dmost famous 10I think the question is _______ difficult to answer Amost Bmany Ca lot Da bit 11Mary is an ______ girlShe lives with her grandmother A8-years-old B8-year-old C8-years old D8 years old 12He used to _______ up early，and now he gets used to _______ up early Aget；getting Bget；get Cgetting；get Dgetting；getting 13According ______ Mr. Wang，well go on a trip this weekend Ain Bto Cat Dfor 14The basketball ______ I bought yesterday cost me 80 yuan Awhen Bthat Cwho Dwhat 15Look! Shes standing ______ the ten children Aamong Bbetween Cof Dfrom II. 完形填空。完形填空。 In a small town in France，there was a farmer who lived aloneEvery day，he 1 a pound of butter to his neighbour，who was a bakerOne day the baker decided 2 the butter to see if he was getting a poundAfter he weighed(称的重量) it，he found that he wasntThe baker then took 3 farmer to the judge(法官) The judge asked the farmer if he had any way to weigh the butterThe farmer answered， “I am so 4 that I do not have enough money to buy anything to weigh it， 5 I do have a kind of scale(天平).” The judge asked， “Then how do you weigh the butter?”The farmer answered， “Before the baker started buying butter from 6 ，I had bought bread from himSo every time when I bring home the bread from the baker，I put it on the scale and give him the butter of the same weight.” We 7 what we give to others in lifeWhenever you take action，ask yourself this 8 “Am I honest?” Honesty or dishonesty can become a 9 Some dishonest people can lie(说谎) without a red faceOthers lie so much that they do not even 10 what the truth is any moreBut who is it bad for? As a matter of fact，those who lie will hurt themselves by their own dishonest behaviour(行为，举止) 1A. gave Bfed Cthrew Dsold 2Aweigh Bweighing Cto weigh Dweighed 3A Ba C. an Dthe 4Arich Bpoor C. honest Dquiet 3 5Aand Bso Cbut Dor 6AI Bmy Cme Dmine 7Aget back Blook back Cgive back Dturn back 8Aanswer Bquestion Chelp Didea 9Adifference Bhabit Cmistake Ddifficulty 10Astudy Bmean Cimagine Dknow III. 阅读理解。阅读理解。 A Leonardo da Vinci was born on April 15，1452 in ItalyHe is best known as an artist todayOne of his famous paintings is called Mona LisaHowever，Leonardo had many other natural abilitiesHe was also a great inventorMany of his inventions have become important in modern day life Although Leonardo hated war，he invented many different machines used for warHis most special invention was the machine gun，which was produced and used in war many years later By watching the way birds fly，Leonardo tried to find out the secret of flyingAmong his sketches(素描) we can see several objectsWe consider them as modern flying machines Leonardo spent many hours thinking about how to make good use of timeHe developed ideas for labor- saving machines like cutting machines Leonardo was a strange manHe didnt eat any meat，which was unusual in those timesHe never published(发表) his ideas and scientific discoveriesHe usually used mirror writing，which looks like writing in a mirror，starting from the right side of the page and moving to the left We have very little of his work todayLeonardo finished only a few of his paintingsHe left many unfinished because he thought they were not perfectNo one in his life time knew how great Leonardo wasWe now believe，however，that he was one of the cleverest men the world has ever known 1According to the passage，Leonardo is not only an artist but also _______ Aan inventor Ban engineer Ca writer Da musician 2_______ was Leonardos most special invention AThe mirror writing BThe cutting machine CThe machine gun DThe flying machine 3Leonardo was strange，for example，_______ Ahe didnt eat any vegetables Bhe usually used minor writing 4 Che liked to publish his discoveries Dhe enjoyed drawing flying machines 4Leonardo invented some machines to _______ Astop the war Bhelp paint pictures Cwatch the birds Dmake good use of time 5From the passage，we can learn that Leonardo was very _______ Ahumorous Bserious Cclever Dlonely B Fifty-three years ago Barbie Millicent Roberts first appeared in the world of toysSince thenBarbie，as everyone called，has become the most Successful toy doll in historyHer parent，the Mattel Company，said that 90% of all American girls between 3 and 10 have at least one Barbie doll at home However，Barbie is facing some trouble at present(现在)There are many similar dolls on the market in competition with herAnother doll named Bratz, for example，came to life thirteen years agoShe looks more like todays pop stars with heavy makeup(浓妆) and miniskirtsAnd her company offers more kinds of clothes too It seems that Barbie has lost her magic among older girls “For younger girls，playing with a Barbie doll is much funBut when you get older，you want something smarter and more modern， ”says Vera Shepherd，a shop assistant in a New York toy store It is good news that on the international marketBarbie is still No1Although Mattel is selling fewer Barbie dolls in the United States these years，sales in other countries are still going upIn January 2009，Mattel opened its first Barbie store in Shanghai，where girls can shop，eat，drink or even become fashion designers for their own Barbie dolls Mattel is planning big celebrations for Barbies 53rd birthdayFashion designers from all over the world have been called to make new dresses for BarbieHow long will Barbie stay popular in the world of toy dolls? It is hard to say，but 53 is surely not the age to retire(退休) 6Barbies family name is _______ ARoberts BMillicent CShepherd DBratz 7Barbies trouble is that _______ Ait wears heavy makeup and miniskirts Bother dolls are more popular with little girls Cother dolls are trying to beat her in the market Dit has become less popular on the international market 5 8. Girls can do the following in the first Barbie Shop in Shanghai except ____________. A. going shopping B. having food C. drinking juice D. taking photos 9. What is the meaning of the underlined words? A. 珠宝设计师 B.发型设计师 C. 舞台设计师 D. 服装设计师 10. What is the best title of the passage? A. First Barbie Shop in Shanghai B. Barbies Past and Present C. Barbies 53rd Birthday Party D. Barbie Lost Her Magic IV.IV. 书面表达。书面表达。 请你根据下面的提示，以“My Hometown”为题，写一篇 80 词左右的短文。 提示：（1） 家乡的地理位置； （2）近 10 年来家乡的变化 ； （3）对家乡的感情 My Hometown ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案与解析答案与解析】 I. 单项选择。单项选择。 1C。yet 用在否定句和疑问句中，already 用在肯定句中。 2B。 “在哪里买的”指过去发生的动作，用一般过去时。 3A。前一个动词不定式作表语，后一个动词不定式作定语。 4D。考查短语 look forward to doing sth.，意为“期盼做某事”。 5B。句意：收音机太嘈杂了，并且没有什么有趣的事，为什么不将它关掉呢?好的，我马上 去关掉它。 “关闭”应该表示为“turn off”，代词作宾语放在 turn 和 up 中间且用宾格。 6D。由 yet 可知，应该用现在完成时，并且必须是否定句式，因此答案为 D。 7A。动词不定式作主语时，可以用 it 作形式主语放在句首。 8B。how long 表示一段时间，句中谓语动词须用延续性动词，而 borrow，lend，buy 都是非延续性动 6 词，keep 为延续性动词，故选 B。 9B。 “one of + the+形容词最高级+名词复数”结构表示“最之一”。 10D。空格后的 difficult 为形容词，故用 a bit“一点儿，稍微”修饰。 11B。 “数词+名词+形容词”构成复合形容词，作前置定语。这类复合形容词中词与词之间要用连字符 “-”连接，且数词后面的名词必须用单数形式。 12A。used to do sth “过去常做某事”，get used to doing sth “习惯于做某事”。句意“他过去常早起，现 在他习惯于早起了”。故选 A。 13B。according to sb. “依某人来看”，为固定短语。 14B。因先行词 the basketball 表事物，需用关系代词 that 或 which 引导定语从句。故选 B。 15A。among 表示“三者或三者以上之间”，between 表示“两者之间”。由句意“看!她正站在那 10 个孩 子中间”可知 A 项符合题意。 II. 完形填空。完形填空。 1D。由文意知，农民每天都把一磅黄油卖给他的邻居面包师。故选 D。 2C。decide to do sth “决定做某事”，为固定搭配。 3D。因这个农民在上文已经提到过，故此处要用定冠词 the。 4B。rich“富的，有钱的”；poor“贫穷的”；honest“诚实的”；quiet“安静的”。由“.I do not have enough money to buy anything to weigh it.”可知“我”没有足够的钱买任何东西称它。故选 B。 5C。本题考查连词的用法。前句“我那么穷没有足够的钱买任何东西称它”与后句“我有一种天平”存在 着转折关系，故用 but 连接句子。 6C。from 是介词，其后需用人称代词的宾格形式。句意：在面包师从我这里买黄油之前我已经从他 那里买了面包。故选 C。 7A。get back“收回”；look back“向后看”；give back归还”；turn back“往回走”。由句意“在生活中我 们收回的就是我们所给予别人的”知选 A。 8B。句意：你无论什么时候采取行动，都问自己这个问题：“我诚实吗?”要问的“问题”用 question 表 示，故选 B。 9B。difference“不同”；habit “习惯”；mistake“错误”；difficulty“困难”。由句意“诚实不诚实都可能成 为一种习惯”知选 B。 10D。study“学习”；mean“意味着”；imagine“设想”；know“知道”。由句意“另一些人撒谎那么多以至 于他们甚至不再知道什么是实话了”知选 D。 IIIIII. 阅读理解。阅读理解。 A 7 1A。由第一段第五句“He was also a great inventor.”可知。 2C。由第二段第二句可知。 3B。由第五段可知 B 项符合题意。 4D。由文章第四段可知。 5C。由文章最后一句话可知。 B B 6A。由第一段中的“Barbie Millicent Roberts”可知答案为 A。 7C。由第二段中的“However，Barbie is facing some trouble at presentThere are many similar dolls on the market in competition with her.”可知答案为 C。 8D。由第四段中的“.where girls can shop，eat，drink or even become fashion designers for their own Barbie dolls ”可知答案为 D。 9D。结合第五段第二句可知答案。 10B。通读全文可知，本文讲了 Barbie 的过去的辉煌历史和现在的情况。故答案为 B。 IV.IV. 书面表达。书面表达。 My Hometown My hometown is a beautiful place. It stands beside a wide river and is rich in fish and rice. But ten years ago, it was a poor town. Many people had no work. They used to live a hard life. In the last ten years, great changes have taken place here. The streets have been widened. New roads have appeared. Factories, schools, hospitals and cinemas have been built one after another. The life of the people is greatly improved. I love my hometown. I love its people. They are still working hard to make it richer and more beautiful.1 Unit 10 Ive had this bike for three years. 词句精讲精练词句精讲精练 词汇精讲词汇精讲 1. for/since (1) for 与表示一段时间的词连用，表示“做某事多长时间了” ，常用于现在完成时，表示从过去某时开始， 持续到现在的动作或状态。for 所在句子中的动词是延续性动词。例如： Ive lived in China for two years. 我住在中国两年了。 Ive known him for more than twenty years. 我认识他 20 多年了。 (2) since 作连词，引导时间状语从句，从句用一般过去时，主句常用完成时。例如： I have studied English since I came here. 自从我来这里就学习英语。 I have known her since I was five years old. 自从我五岁就认识她。 since 还可以作介词，连接一个过去的时间点或一段时间+ago。例如： She has been ill since last weekend. 她自从上周末就病了。 She has been in Wuhan since four years ago. 自从四年前她就在武汉。 2. maker maker 是名词，意为“生产者；制造者” ，是由“动词 make + 后缀-r”构成的。英语中，表示职业或 身份的名词小结： (1) 以-ist 结尾的有： pianist 钢琴家 chemist 化学家 violinist 小提琴家 physicist 物理学家 scientist 科学家 (2) 以-er，-r 或-or 结尾的有： teacher 教师 painter 画家 writer 作家 singer 歌唱家 visitor 参观者 actor 演员 engineer 工程师 inventor 发明家 professor 教授 reporter 记者 (3) 以-man 结尾的有： postman 邮递员 policeman 警察 businessman 商人 spaceman 宇航员 fisherman 渔夫 dustman 清洁工 (4) 以-ian 结尾的有： musician 音乐家 politician 政治家 3. certain certain 作形容词，意为“某种；某事；某人” 。例如： He decided to sell his certain books. 他决定卖掉他的某些书籍。 【拓展】certain 作形容词，意为“确定的；无疑的” ，相当于 sure，对应的副词为 certainly。certain 常 用于以下结构中： be certain / sure of sth. 对某事有把握 be certain / sure to do sth. 肯定做某事 be certain / sure + that 从句 确信 例如： They are certain / sure of success. 他们有把握成功。 Im certain / sure that he will come. 我确信他会成功的。 4. a 46-year-old husband and father 46-year-old 是复合形容词，这种形容词有两个特点：一是词与词之间要用连字符连接；二是数词 之后的名词用单数形式。例如： a three-meter-long line 一条三米长的绳子 【拓展】 2 岁数的表达方式小结： (1) 基数词 + years old。例如： He is 8 years old. 他八岁了。 (2) 基础词-year-old。例如： Lucy is an eighteen-year-old girl. Lucy 是一位 18 岁的女孩。 (3) 名词 + of + 基础词。例如： Tom is a boy of 18. Tom 是一位 18 岁的男孩。 (4) at the age of + 基数词。例如： She is at the age of 18. 她 18 岁了。 5. shame shame 是不可数名词，意为“羞耻；羞愧；惭愧” 。可与不定冠词 a 连用，表示“可耻的人或事；可 惜（遗憾）的事” 。例如： He felt no shame for what he had done. 他对自己所做过的事不感到羞愧。 Its a shame that you cant stay for dinner. 你不能留下吃晚饭，真遗憾。 【拓展】shame 常见的短语有： feel shame at因而感到羞愧 in shame 羞愧地 have no shame 无羞耻心 with shame 羞愧地 to ones shame 令某人感到羞愧的是 bring shame on 使丢脸 6. regard regard 作及物动词，意为“注视； 注意；认作” 。常用短语 regardas意为“将视为； 把当作” ，as 为介词，其后可接名词或代词。例如： I regard you as my best friend. 我把你当作我最好的朋友。 We regard him as our brother. 我们把他当成兄弟看待。 7. opposite (1) opposite 作介词，意为“在对面” ，相当于 across from，常与名词一起构成介词短语，表方 位。例如： They live opposite the bank. 他们住在银行对面。 (2) opposite 作形容词，意为“另一边的；对面的；相反的” 。例如： We live on the opposite side of the road. 我们住在马路对面。 (3) opposite 作副词，意为“在对面” 。例如： Theres an old man living opposite. 有一个老人住在对面。 (4) opposite 作名词，意为“相反的人或物；对立面” ，常与介词 of 一起使用。例如： “Tall” is the opposite of “short”. “高”是“矮”的反义词。 8. consider consider 作动词，意为“考虑、认为”，它的后面跟名词、动名词或者从句作宾语。 Please consider my suggestion. 请考虑我的建议。 Why dont you consider visiting Qing Dao？你为什么不考虑去青岛参观？ I consider that he is a selfish man. 我认为他是一个自私的人。 【拓展】 后接动名词作宾语的动词及短语可参考以下归纳： 完成，实践，值得，忙（finish, practice, be worth, be busy） ； 考虑，建议，不禁，想（consider, suggest, cant help, feel like） ； 错过，习惯， （别）放弃（miss, be used to, give up） ； 继续，喜欢， （要）介意（keep on, enjoy, mind） 。 3 词汇精练词汇精练 I. 英汉互译。英汉互译。 1. 多久___________________ 2. not any more ___________________ 3. grow up___________________4. 起初___________________ 5. as for ___________________6. give up___________________ 7. 至少___________________8. 一年一两次___________________ 9. according to ___________________10. in order to___________________ II. 根据句意及汉语提示写出所缺单词。根据句意及汉语提示写出所缺单词。 1. All my life I have tried to be an ______________(诚实的) man. 2. He tied a ______________(围巾) around his neck. 3. Please ______________(检查) your answer again. 4. Its very comfortable to step on the ______________(柔软的) ground in the spring. 5. During the 1830s, countries all over the world started to build ______________(铁路). 6. He is the tallest one ______________(在当中) the boys. 7. In judging him you should ______________(仔细考虑) his youth. 8. I have many pleasant ______________(回忆) of our friendship. 9. My little son can ______________(数数) from one to ten. 10. Miss Li ______________(搜寻) on the Internet for the information she needed. III. 用用 since 或或 for 填空。填空。 1. Jill has been in Ireland ______________ Monday. 2. Jill has been in Ireland ______________ three days. 3. My aunt has lived in Australia ______________ 15 days. 4. Margaret is in her office. She has been there ______________ 7 oclock. 5. India has been an independent country ______________ 1947. 6. The bus is late. Weve been waiting ______________ 20 minutes. 7. Nobody lives in those houses. They have been empty ______________ many years. 8. Mike has been ill ______________ a long time. He has been in hospital ______________ October. 参考答案参考答案 I. 英汉互译。英汉互译。 1. how long 2. 不再 3. 长大 4. at first 5. 至于 6. 放弃 7. at leas