1、1 2020 年春人教新目标英语八年级下册年春人教新目标英语八年级下册 Unit 1 Whats the matter? 重点短语重点短语 1. have a fever 发烧 2. have a cough 咳嗽 3. have a toothache 牙疼 4. talk too much 说得太多 5. drink enough water 喝足够的水 6. have a cold 受凉;感冒 7. have a stomachache 胃疼 8. have a sore back 背疼 9. have a sore throat 喉咙痛 10. lie down and rest 躺下
2、来休息 11. hot tea with honey 加蜂蜜的热茶 12. see a dentist 看牙医 13. get an X-ray 拍 X 光片 14. take one s temperature 量体温 15. put some medicine on sth. 在上面敷药 16. feel very hot 感到很热 17. sound like 听起来像 18. all weekend 整个周末 19. in the same way 以同样的方式 20. go to a doctor 看医生 21. go along 沿着走 22. on the side of the
3、 road 在马路边 23. shout for help 大声呼救 24. without thinking twice 没有多想 25. get off 下车 26. have a heart problem 有心脏病 27. to one s surprise 使.惊讶的 28. thanks to 多亏了 ；由于 29. in time 及时 30. save a life 挽救生命 31. get into trouble 造成麻烦 32. right away 立刻；马上 33. because of 由于 34. get out of 离开;从出萍 35. hurt onesel
4、f 受伤 2 36. put a bandage on sth. 用绷带包扎 37. fall down 摔倒 38. feel sick 感到恶心 39. have a nosebleed 流鼻血 40. cut his knee 割伤他的膝盖 41. put her head back 把她的头向后仰 42. have problems breathing 呼吸困难 43. mountain climbing 登山运动 44. be used to doing sth. 习惯做某事 45. run out (of) 用完;用尽 46. so that 以便 47. so. . . that
5、 如此 以至于 48. be in control of 掌管;管理 49. in a difficult situation 在闲境屮 50. keep on doing sth. 继续或坚持做某事 51. make a decision 做出决定 52. take risks 冒险 53. give up 放弃 一、基本知识点 1. Whats the matter (with you)? 怎么了？出什么事了？ Whats the trouble/ the problem / wrong with sb./ sth.? 2. I had a cold.我感冒了。 have a cough
6、咳嗽 have a stomachache 胃疼，肚子疼 have a toothache 牙疼 have a headache 头疼 3. 身体部位+ache（疼痛）构成新的复合词 Stomach + ache=stomachache head + ache=headache tooth + ache=toothache back + ache=backache 4. much too+ 词，意为 ，too much+ 词，意 为 5. enough【形容、副词】足够的/地，enough 放在名词前，形容词、副词后面 good enough 足够好，enough money=money mo
7、ney 3 6. lie down 躺下， lie 躺，躺着，过去式 lay；lie 说谎，过去式 lied 7. maybe “或许”，常用于句首，表示可能性，后加句子。Maybe you are right. may be，是情态动词+be 的结构，意为“可能，也许”，后加名词、代词或形 容词。He may be angry. 8. sound like+名词、代词和从句： It sounds like you dont know the truth. It sounds like a good idea. sound+形容词，“听起来，好像”，The music sounds nice.
8、 9. need 需要，实义动词 need+名词，需要某物； need to do sth.需要做某事，主语通常是人，表示人主动的动作： You need to listen carefully during class. need doing sth.主语通常是物， 表示被动的动作： Your dirty clothes need washing. 10. get off (the bus) 下（公交车） get on 上车 11. agree 同意，赞同；同意做某事观点 。 12. trouble 问题，麻烦 ；make trouble have trouble (in) doing st
9、h. = have difficulties (in) doing 13. right away=right now=at once，意为。 14. 【复习】 advice 不可数名词劝告， 建议，向征求意见， give sb. advice on sth.就某事给某人建议； advise 动词advise sb. doing 15.【复习】exercise 动词意为 ， 可数名词为 ， 不可数时意为 16. hurt 及物动词，使疼痛，受伤， 不及物动词，（部位）疼。 His leg hurt badly. 17. clean【动词】 【形容词】 ， cleaner 意为 18. hit（用
10、手或器具）打；击打 The boy hit the dog with a stone. 4 hit sb. on the head/ nose/ back 打某人的头、鼻子、后背，on 用在所打较硬的部 位； hit sb. in the face/ eye/ stomach 打某人的脸、眼睛、肚子，in 用在所打较软的 部位。 19. be used to sth./ doing sth.习惯于、适应了、做某事，强调状态； His grandpa was used to country life. Mary is not used to getting up early in the mor
11、ning. used to sth./ doing sth. “变得习惯，逐渐适应”强调过程、动作： Its difficult for one to get used to another countrys habit. 20.【复习】free 形容词空闲的 free time；免费的 the drink is for free；自由的 I want to become a free bird. free【动词】使解脱，得到自由 He could not free his arm. 21. run out 用完，用尽 When his water run out, he knew that
12、he would have to do something to save his own life. （物）sth. tun out. 某物用尽了。（人）sb. run out of（物）sth.人用尽了某物。 He run out of all his money last night. 22. risk (sb.) to do sth. 冒险去做某事 take a risk=take risks 冒险 23. the importance of (doing) sth.（做）某事的重要性 We students should know the importance of (learnin
13、g) English. importance n. 重要（性），important adj.重要的，unimportant adj.不重要的 24. decision 【名词】决定；抉择； 25. be in the control of 掌管，管理 The headmaster is in the control of this new school. be out of control 无法控制，无法管理 be under control 被控制住，在控制之中 26.【复习】mind 意为“介意” Do you mind my opening the window? 27. give up
14、 (doing) sth. 放弃（做）某事，give up (playing) computer games； give up 后可接名词、代词和动词 ing 形式，也可不接，如 Never give up easily. 5 重点语法 1.with 常见的用法 1)作为介词，意为“和一起”，表伴随关系 Eg. I went to Hong Kong Disneyland wih my parents. 2）表示“使用某种工具、手段” Eg. You can cut it with a knife. 注:“当单数名词+with+名词”用作主语时，其谓语动词应用单数形式。 Eg. A teach
15、er with his students is seeing an English film 2enough“足够的，充分的” 1）enough 用作形容词作定语时，可修饰可数名词或不可数名词，可放在被修 饰的名词前后均可。如： There are enough seats（seats enough）for them all. 有足够的座位让他们都坐下。 2）enough 用作副词，可用来修饰形容词或副词，放在所修饰词的后面。 如： He walks slowly enough. 他走得够慢的了。 This article is difficult enough to write. 3. 描述
16、身体不适 （1）主语+have/has+a+病症 （2）主语+have/has+a+部位-ache （3）主语+have/has+a+sore+发病部位 （4）部位+hurt（s） Eg:1).I have a high fever. 我在发高烧。 2).I had a headache so I want to bed. 我头疼，所以上床睡觉了。 3).I have a sore throat and my chest hurts. 我嗓子疼，胸口也疼。 4.hit“碰击，击中，碰撞” hit+sb.+介词+the+身体部位（in 用于涉及身体表面较软或较空的部位，如 eye,face,ch
17、est,leg.on 用于身体较硬的部位，如 head,nose,back） 区别 hit 和 beat 1）hit（碰击，击中，碰撞）强调一次性动作 Eg. The ball hit him in the face. 2）beat“打，敲，接连打击”强调重复行的动作 Eg. His heart beats violetly.他的心剧烈地跳着。 5. 关于 ues 的用法 1）be/get used to do sth. 习惯于做某事 Eg. I am used to getting up early. 2）be used to do sth.被用来做某事 Eg. This knife is
18、used to cut bread . 3）used to do sth.“过去常常做某事” 6 Eg. I used to go fishing in the pool in front of my house. 4）be used for doing sth.“用于/被用来做某事” Eg. The wood is used for making paper. 6. wear / put on /dress/ have on/（be）in 1) wear 是“穿着”,“戴着”的意思，可用于穿衣、穿鞋、戴帽子，戴手套、佩戴 首饰等，强调状态。 Eg. Children like wearing
19、 new clothes. 2)put on 指“戴上”，“穿上”，为动态，表示穿衣服的动作，其反义词是 take off。 Eg. Put on your clothes 穿上衣服 3)dress 可作及物动词，有“穿着”，“打扮”的意思，为动态，但宾语通常是人， 或反身代词，常用于被动语态但只用于穿衣，它既表示动作，又表状态。 常用 于下列结构：dress sb / oneself(给某人穿衣服)、 dress well 和 be dressed in 等 Eg. Jim isnt old enough to dress himself. 吉姆太小，还不能给自己穿衣服。 4)have on
20、 是“穿着”的意思，指穿的状态， 和 wear 类似，但 have on 不用于 进行时态。 Eg. She has a red skirt on. ( = Hes wearing a red skirt . ) 她穿着红裙子。 5)be in+表示颜色或衣服的词是系表结构，为静态， 强调“穿着”“戴着”的状态。 Eg. The girl in white is my best friend. 穿着白色衣服的女孩是我最好的朋 友 7.one of 之一 one of 后接名词或代词得复数形式。当“one of+名词复数”在句中作主语时， 其中心词为 one ，故其后的谓语动词要用第三人称单数形
21、式。 Eg. I have many books. Harry Potter is one of them. 如果名词前有形容词修饰，则用形容词的最高级形式，构成“one of the+最高 级”结构，表示“中最之一” Eg. YU Dan is one of the most popular professors in China. 8.oneself 反身代词构成的短语; hurt oneself 伤了自己 by oneself 独自地，单独地 enjoy oneself 玩的愉快 for oneself 亲自，为自己 look after oneself 照顾自己 help onesel
22、f（to） 请随便（吃、喝）teach oneself =learn by oneself 自学 leave sb . by oneself 把某人单独留下 9. 时间介词(at, in ,on) 1. at 指时间表示： （1）时间的一点、时刻等。 如： at noon, at midnight, at ten oclock, at dawn （2）较短暂的一段时间。可指某个节日或被认为是一年中标志大事的日子。 如： at New Year, at the Spring Festival, at night 2. in 指时间表示： 7 （1）在某个较长的时间（如世纪、朝代、年、月、季节以及
23、泛指的上午、下 午或傍晚）内。 如： in 2004, in March, in spring, in the morning, in the evening, in the eighteenth century. etc （2）在一段时间之后。一般情况下，用于将来时，谓语动词为瞬间动词，意 为“在.以后”。 如： He will arrive in two hours. 谓语动词为延续性动词时，in 意为“在以内”。 如： These products will be produced in a month. 注意：after 用于将来时间 也指一段时间之后，但其后的时间是“一点”，而不是“
24、一段”。 如： He will arrive after two oclock. 3. on 指时间表示： （1）具体的时日和一个特定的时间，如某日、某节日、星期几等。 如： On Christmas Day（On May 4th）, there will be a celebration. （2）在某个特定的早晨、下午或晚上。 如： He arrived at 10 oclock on the night of the 5th. （3）准时，按时。如： 如：If the train should be on time, I should reach home before dark. 10.
25、run out （of）用尽，耗尽 run out 表示“被用完了”的被动含义，其主语通常是时间、金钱、食物等无生 命名词。 如： His money soon ran out. 他的钱很快就花完了。 run out of 表示“用完(use up)”的主动含义，主语是人。 如： He ran out of the room. 他跑出了房间。 三、1. Whats the matter? = Whats up？怎么了？ Whats the matter with you? =Whats the trouble with you? =Whats wrong with you? =What hap
26、pened ? =Is there anything wrong with you ? 你怎么了？ 2. 语法:should“应该，应当”为情态动词，后接动词原形，没有人称和数的变 化。用来向别人提出建议，以劝导别人，比 must 和 ought to 更加委婉。 主语+ should/shouldnt + 动词原形. . You should lie down and rest. 你应该躺下休息一会儿。 You shouldn t go out at night. 你晚上不应该出去。 What should she do? 她该怎么办呢？ 8 Should I take my tempera
27、ture? 我应该量一下体温吗？ 【同步练习】 一、用所给词的正确形式填空 1.Mother says I should stop playing computer and _(rest) 2.Do you take _(you ) temperature ? 3. If you cut yourself , you should _(put ) some medicine on it . 4.He _(get ) off and helped the blind man cross the road . 5._(thank ) to Mr. Wang and the passengers ,
28、 the doctors saved the man in time . 6.Did Mary cut _(she) ? Yes , she did . 7. To _(he) surprise , great changes have taken place in China three years . 8.Do I need _（see） a doctor?No. You neednt _（see）a doctor. 9. Mr. Green _（leave）here a moment ago. 10.Some teenagers are afraid of _(take) risks w
29、hich is not good for their future . 11. So he used his knife _(cut) off half his right arm . 12. Doctors often tell us_(drink) more water every day. 13. Could you give me some _ ( advice ) about my math? 14. _（not eat）too much tofu. 15. There is something wrong with your throat. Youd better _ ( drin
30、k ) lots of water. 16. Lets think about it before we find _(us) “between a rock and a hard place . 17. Its important for us _ ( keep ) in good health. 18. He has a headache. He should _ ( go ) to bed early. 19. After that, Aron climbed down the mountain _ ( find ) help. 20. I have a _ ( tooth ). I h
31、ave to see the dentist. 21. We need time _ ( exercise ) at school. 22. He was not ready _(die) that day . 23. I brush my _ ( tooth ) every morning and night. 24. We should exercise every day to stay _ ( health ). 25. He is getting better after taking some _ ( medicine ). 26. I dont feel _ ( good ).
32、I think I have a cold. 27. Jack hurt his back _(play) football 28._ (make ) good decisions is extremely important when we are in danger . 9 二、单项选择. ( )1. My uncle isnt _ at the moment. A. feel well B. feeling well. C. feeling good ( )2. Whats the matter _ you? A. with B. on C. in ( )3. How is the yo
33、ung man? _ A. He is twenty. B. He is a doctor. C. Hes very well. ( )4. Bob _a cold And Mary and Sue _ colds ,too . They shouldnt exercise . A has; has B has; have C have ; has D have ; have ( )5.As a student , Nacy _ with her new classmates A used to studying B. is used to study C. is used to studyi
34、ng D. used to study ( )6. My mother is ill._ A OK. B. Too bad. C. Im sorry to hear that. ( )7. Its important _ in good health. A. keep B. keeping C. to keep ( )8.Bill _money after three months A run out B. rin out of C was run out of ( )9.Bob used to _in the countryside . But now he is used to _ in
35、the big city . A live ; live B live; living C. living ; living D living , live ( )10. Bamboo can _ paper . A used to make B be used to make C be used to making ( )11. You look tired, you should have a good rest for _ days A. a few B. few C. a little ( )12. He worked late _ eleven oclock yesterday. A
36、. after B. until C. since ( )13.Tony studies very _.He often does his homework until 10:30p.m.,but his brother Tom_ does homework. A. hardly ;hardly B. hard; hardly C. hardly; hard ( )14.If you are hungry, you can eat some_. A. water B. bread C. apple ( )15.You eat _ junk food. I think you need _ ve
37、getables. A. too much; much B. too many; many C. too much; lots of ( )16.-_did you live in Shenyang? -For about eight years. A. How far B. How long C. How often ( )17.There_ some water in the bottles. A. has B. are C. is ( )18._Damings help , the problems are solved successfully . A .As for , B Than
38、ks for C Thanks to D According to ( )19. - When did your stomachache start?- _. A. About two days. B. Two days later C. About two days ago ( )20.The driver saw an old man _ on the side of the road . A lie B.lay C lying D. to lie 10 四、按要求变换句型 1. Whats the matter with Jim? （同义句）Whats _ _ Jim? 2. I hav
39、e a headache.（就划线部分提问）_ is _ _ with you? 3. Reading in bed is bad for your eyes.（同义句） _ bad for your eyes _ _ in bed. 4. You should have a good rest.（就划线部分提问）_ _ I _? 5. You should drink some tea and coffer.（变为否定句） You _ drink _ tea _ coffer. 6. You dont need to clean the classroom now. （同义句） You _
40、clean the classroom _ _ _. 7. Mr. Black bought a lot of beef last week. 就划线部分提问） _ _ _ did Mr. Black _ last week? 8. He is hardly ever late for class（划线部分提问）_ _ is he late for class? 9. I like the book very much.（划线部分提问）_ do you _ the book? 10. She had a cold three days ago. （划线提问）_ _ she _ a cold? 11. Lie down and rest. （改为提建议的句型）_ _ lie down and rest.
