1、高中英语高中英语 高一年级高一年级 情态动词Modal Verbs C O N T E N T S 目录 定 义 表示说话人 情绪和态度 的动词，它本身有一定 的词义，但不能单独做 谓语，只能和动词原型 一起构成谓语 用 法 A.Ability (能力) B.Permission/Request.（允许/请求） C.Wish(意愿) D .Possibility （可能性推测) E.Duty / Rule(责任/规则) 特 征 放在实义动词之前 没有人称和数的变化 否定在后直接加not 基本用法 推测用法 特殊用法 虚拟用法 考察方向 (should/must/will/can) 1 Lets
2、 learn! 技能 He can sing and dance. She can speak English well. She can lift this heavy box. 知识 体力 I can eat 10 hamburgers . I could eat 10 hamburgers 3 years ago . I was able to eat 10 hamburgers. can /could 客观上能够 be able to 可用于各种时态（am/is/are/was/were/will be + able to ） . Can /Could you open the doo
3、r?. (could 语气更礼貌和委婉语气更礼貌和委婉) We can appear in your exams. -表示理论上可能性表示理论上可能性 -“可能会”“有时会”“可能会”“有时会”=（sometimes） -用于肯定句中用于肯定句中 特殊用法1 How can he say such words! -Can the news be true? -No, it cant be true. (“不可能”,否定的猜测） 疑问句 怀疑 否定句 不相信 感叹句 惊讶 I cant agree more. You cant be too right. You cant be right en
4、ough. （“不能再” “再.也不为过“ 常出现在完形填空中，读懂句意） 特殊用法2 I cant but lose weight. (cant but +do 不得不.) can /could 1. 表能力 2.表请求许可 （could语气更委婉，没有时间区别） 3.表示客观可能性 (cant不可能） 4.特殊用法 EXERCISE I am a math teacher. Because of the COVID-19, I _ stay at home. In the past, I _ operate the computer skillfully, but now I _ . In
5、 the next week, I _ do online-teaching through the software Ding Ding. Anyway,it is such a useful software that I love it couldnt will be able to can cant but cant more enough too much 1. 关注语境，分析上下文,明确时间信息. 2.理解句子，体会说话人的真情实感. 3. 把握句意，分析选项的基本特征. 考查方式：有效信息隐蔽，情境生动灵活考查方式：有效信息隐蔽，情境生动灵活 2 May /Might I ask
6、 you a question? He may be the headmaster. (might 语气更委婉语气/不是过去式） He might be the headmaster, but Im not sure. ( 50%可能性) ( 30%可能性/ 提示词) May he rest in peace. 不妨，最好 You may/might as well adjust your learning methods. may/might 许可/允许（比can/could更委婉） 按照委婉程度：mightmaycouldcan 可能性 祝愿 （may+主语+动原） may/might a
7、s well do 不妨 EXERCISE 1.The virus spread from bats. 3. she rest in peace. 2. You stay at home. 你最好是待在家里。 may/might as well May may /might 3 Must I watch online live lessons? 必须必须 Yes, you must. No , you neednt. mustnt, 意为“禁止” Phones mustnt be brought to school. Tom, its too late , must you sing now?
8、 “非得，偏偏” Why must it rain on Sunday? have to 强调客观性,“不得不” must强调主观性“必须” (must “可能性”程度最高，即表达100%的可能性，这种推测几乎接近事实） He has worked hard all day. He must be tired. 表推测“肯定”表推测“肯定” 理论上的可能性 事实上的可能性 这种可能性只从理论上进行推测， 不考虑实际情况。表达这个概念 的情态动词是 can This method can work. 这个方法理论上可行。 肯定句：must /may /might 否定句：can/ could /
9、 may /might 疑问句：can / could 学法指导 情态动词表推测/可能性 must A guessing game Its a he. Who is he? It not be Yang Chaoyue. He is tall and handsome. It be Zhang Yixing. He is the team leader of Idol Producer. It be Cai Xukun. can may/might must 4 Surely we will fight the disease. 1.will 表示意志/愿望/决心, “一定会一定会“ woul
10、d指过去 Would you like to go to the cinema with me? (愿意) 2.表示请求/建议等，常用语第二人称疑问句,would语气更委婉 3.will/would 用于非人称主语时，表示物体的固有性质/倾向/（总是会、老是、 就是） -Whats the matter? -The door wont lock and the window wont open. Oil will float on water. 4.The girl will sit there hour after hour. 习惯性动作 5 shall Every person shall
11、 carry the ID card when travelling. (表示规定，法律条文） 用于二三人称的陈述句中，表示说话人给对 方的“命令警告承诺决心（“必须”） shall 表示征询意见 Shall he come in now? Shall I close the window? （常用于第一三人称的疑问句） Nothing shall prevent me from going there. (表示决心） 1. Someone is asking to see you outside. _ he come in now? A. May B. Shall C. Must D. Ne
12、ed 答案：答案：B 解题思路：解题思路：句意：有人在外边要求见你。他现在该进来吗？考查情态动词。 shall用于第一、三人称表示建议，此处的建议是“他现在进来好吗”。C、D两项 也不合语境。 2.According to the new law, people who are guilty of drunken driving _ face a fine of up to 2, 000 yuan. A. will B. may C. shall D. can 答案：答案：C 解题思路：解题思路：句意：根据新法律，酒后驾驶的人们将要面临高达2 000元的罚金。 根据句意可知，此处是法律规定，是
13、一种强制、命令，故选C。shall可表示“命令、 警告、威胁、允诺等”。 分析选项 should We should respect the old.（=ought to） Why should you talk to them like that? You cant imagine that the teacher should smile at me. should You should be hungry after the long walk . . 常识 以往的经验 “按道理说 ，估计” 1. I dont care what people think. Well, you _. A
14、. could B. would C. should D. might 答案：答案：C 解题思路：解题思路：句意：我不在乎别人的看法。噢，你应该在乎的。 should 表示“应该”，故选C。 2. What do you mean, there are only ten tickets? There _ be twelve. A. should B. would C. will D. shall 答案：答案：A 解题思路：解题思路：句意：你是什么意思，只有十张票？应该有十二张。A项 表示从道理上推测，意为“应该”；B项意为“将会”；C项意为“将要”； D项一般用于第一人称，表示“将要”。根据语
15、境，应选A。 分析选项 5 情态动词 实义动词 I need pay the school fees. I need to get up early. need/dare do neednt /darent do need/dare to do dont/doesnt/didnt need /dare to do need用作情态动词情态动词时，后接动词原形，没有人称、数和时态的变化。后接动词原形，没有人称、数和时态的变化。 Need I come back to school now? Yes, you must. / No, you neednt. (不必) need用作实义动词实义动词
16、考点：I need to phone your parents. The car needs to be washed. =The car needs washing 人+need+to do 物+ need doing / need to be done 二二. dare dare用作实义动词实义动词 dare作情态动词时，后接动词原形，多用于疑问句、否定句（作情态动词时，后接动词原形，多用于疑问句、否定句（dare+ not=darent）。）。 He doesnt dare to see directly in my eyes. 他不敢直视我的眼睛。 Dare you answer me
17、 when I call your name? 1. Tom _show his poor exam results to his parents. A. dare not B. dare C. dare to D. dares not to 答案：答案：A 解题思路：解题思路：句意：汤姆不敢给他的父母看那可怜的考试成绩。 dare既可作情态动词也可作实义动词； 作情态动词时否定句直接加not，后面接动词原形； 作实义动词时，后面用不定式，并且否定句用助动词dont/doesnt/didnt. 所以 选A。 2. You _read that article if you dont want
18、to. A. cant B. mustnt C. oughtnt D. neednt 答案：答案：D 解题思路：解题思路：句意：如果你不想读那篇文章你就不需要读。 此处的neednt相当于dont have to。 A项cant意为“不可能；不能”； B项mustnt意为“不可以，千万不能”； C项明显不正确，ought需与to连用。 can/must will/should . 表示可能性推测表示可能性推测 做题方法做题方法 . Summary What we have learned in this class? requirement Finish the exercises on the learning sheet. Assignment Thank you
