1、1- Section B Reading and Thinking .知识体系图解 重点词汇 1. adj.珍稀的;宝贵的 2. n.结婚;婚姻 3. n.大部分;大多数 4. vi. 发牢骚 5. vt.回答;回复 vi.做出反应;回应 6. n.反应;回答;回复 7. vt.聘任;雇用;租用 n.租借;租用 8. vt. 拒绝接受;不录用 precious marriage majority complain respond response hire reject 9. n.拒绝接受;否决 10. vt.任命;委派 11. vt.选举;推选 12. n.选举;推选;当选 13. n.十年
2、;十年期 14. adv.在别处;去别处 15. vt.照顾;照料 vi.倾向;趋于 16. vt.发表(作品);出版 rejection appoint elect election decade elsewhere tend publish 17. n.节省物;节省;节约;pl.储蓄金;存款 18. n.道德原则;法则;原则 19. adj.被动的;顺从的 20. adj.害怕的;对感到惊慌或恐惧的 21. vt.惊吓;使害怕 vi.受惊吓 22. adj.(增长、下跌等)急剧的;锋利的;明显的 23. adj.精力充沛的;充满活力的 24. vt.接替;取代;更换 saving prin
3、ciple passive scared scare sharp energetic replace 25.illustrate vt. 26.entrust vt. 27.tuition n. 28.fee n. 29.union n. 30.scholarship n. 31.physician n. 32.colleague n. 33.clinic n. 34.faraway adj. 35.staff n. 36.retire vi.阐明;给(书或文章)加插图 委托;交付 (小组)教学;讲课 专业服务费;报酬 协会;联合会;工会 奖学金 医师;(尤指)内科医生 同事;同僚 诊所;门诊
4、部 遥远的 员工;全体职员 退休;退职;退出 学前班;幼儿园 保险;保险业 重点短语 1.carry sb through sth 2.the majority of plain about 4.tend to do sth 5.would rather do 6.graduate from 7.in need of 8.play a key role in 9.hold an important position 10.be responsible for 11.treat.as. 12.show interest in 帮助某人渡过难关 大部分 抱怨 易于做某事;往往会发生某事 宁愿做 从
5、毕业 需要 在起关键作用 担任重要的职位 对负责 把看作是 对表现出兴趣 重点句式 1.To a person,nothing is more precious than their life. 2.Id rather stay single to study all my life! .释义匹配 1.illustrate A.rare and worth a lot of money plain B.to do something as a reaction to something that has been said or done 3.precious C.having a very
6、thin edge or point that can cut things easily 4.respond D.to make the meaning of something clearer by giving examples 5.sharp E.to say that you are annoyed,not satisfied,or unhappy about something or someone 答案:1.D 2.E 3.A 4.B 5.C .阅读导学 根据pp.16-17课文内容,选择正确答案。 1.What did Lin Qiaozhis brother want her
7、 to do? A.To study medicine. B.To get married. C.To find a job. D.To support the family. 答案:B 2.Why did Lin reject her American colleagues offer? A.She wanted to further her study in Europe. B.She wanted to be a chief resident physician. C.She wanted to work for her motherland. D.She wanted to be pa
8、id more at home. 3.What did Lin Qiaozhi do after her department was closed? A.She went to work in another hospital. B.She began to work for the government. C.She requested to hold an important position. D.She started her own clinic. 答案:C 答案:D 重点词汇 1.These words of Dr Lin Qiaozhi give us a look into
9、the heart of this amazing woman,and what carried her through a life of hard choices. 林巧稚这一席话使我们得以窥见这位非凡女性的内心世界,并了解 是什么支撑她度过充满艰难抉择的一生。 【词汇精讲】carry sb through sth是固定搭配,意为“帮助某人渡过 难关”。 It was your help that carried me through the hard times. 正是你的帮助使我度过了艰难时刻。 【词汇拓展】 carry on 继续 carry out 执行 carry away 感动
10、;使忘乎所以 He had learned enough German to carry on a conversation. 他已学了足够的德语来进行会话。 No matter what we do,we must carry out our duties. 无论干什么工作,我们都应履行自己的职责。 2.At age 18,instead of following the traditional path of marriage like the majority of girls,she chose to study medicine. 18岁时,她没有像大多数女孩那样走传统的婚姻道路,而
11、是选择了 学医。 【词汇精讲】majority是名词,意为“大部分;大多数”。 The majority of them take an online language test before starting their programme. 他们中的大多数在开始他们的课程前参加在线语言测试。 The majority of people interviewed prefer juice to water. 大多数接受采访的人都喜欢喝果汁而不喜欢喝白开水。 【词汇拓展】 inthe/a majority 占大多数 a/the majority of 大多数 minority.少数 major
12、.主要的;重要的 .专修;主攻 .主修学科 major in sth 主修 The doctors in the hospital are performing a major operation. 这家医院的医生们在做一个重要的手术。 My brother majored in two subjects in the university. 我哥哥在大学主修两门课程。 【温馨提示】(1)the majority单独作主语时,谓语动词可用单数也可 用复数。 (2)“the/a majority of+名词”作主语时,谓语动词的数与of后面的名词 保持一致。 【语境助记】 Only a mino
13、rity of people in that city do not have a car while the people taking subway to work are in the/a majority. 在那个城市只有少数人没有汽车,但是乘坐地铁上班的人占了大多 数。 【微写作】 The majority of people interviewed prefer TV to radio.The major reason is that TV can give them more amusement.大多数被采访的人 更喜欢看电视而不是听广播。主要原因是电视可以给他们更多的 娱乐。
14、3.“Why should girls learn so much?Finding a good husband should be their final goal!”her brother complained,thinking of the high tuition fees. “为什么女孩子要学这么多?找一个好丈夫应该是她们的最终目标!” 想到高额的学费,她的哥哥抱怨道。 【词汇精讲】句中的complain是不及物动词,意为“抱怨;发牢 骚”,complain也可以作及物动词用,意义相同。 The tourist complained that the room was too dir
15、ty. 游客抱怨说房间太脏了。 She complained to me about his rudeness. 她向我抱怨他的粗鲁。 【词汇拓展】 complain (to sb) about/of sth/that.(向某人) 抱怨 complain of sth 诉说(病痛等) complaint.抱怨;投诉 make a complaint against/about.对进行投诉 4.She responded,“Id rather stay single to study all my life!”她回答 道,“我宁愿单身一辈子学习!” 【词汇精讲】句中的respond是及物动词,意
16、为“回答;回复”,respond 也可作不及物动词,意为“做出反应;回应”。 He responded that he didnt want to see anyone. 他回答说他不想见任何人。 The teacher asked Tom a question,but he didnt respond. 老师问了汤姆一个问题,可他没回答。 【词汇拓展】 respond to 对做出反应;回复 respond with 用回答 respond by doing 通过做来回应 response.反应;回答;回复 They are likely to respond positively to t
17、he farmers request for aid. 他们可能会对农民的援助要求做出积极回应。 I sent her several emails,but she didnt respond to any of them. 我给她发了几封邮件,但她一封也没有回复。 【微写作】 None of the students responded to her questions,that is to say,her question failed to get a response from any of the students. 没有一个学生回答她的问题,也就是说,她的问题没有得到任何学 生的回
18、答。 5.In 1941,Dr Lin became the first Chinese woman ever to be appointed director of the OB-GYN department of the PUMC Hospital. 1941年,林博士成为第一个被任命为北京协和医院妇产科主任的中 国女性 【词汇精讲】句中的appoint是及物动词,意为“任命;委派”。 We must appoint a person to act as secretary. 我们得指定一个人当秘书。 The manager appointed him to receive the bus
19、inessman. 经理指定他去接待那个商人。 【词汇拓展】 appoint sb(as/to be)任命某人为 appoint sb to do sth 委派某人做某事 appointment.约会;预约;任命,委任 by appointment 按照约定 make an appointment withsb 与某人预约/约会 Hes just been appointed as director of the publishing division. 他刚被任命为出版事业部的主管。 May I make an appointment for sometime early this afte
20、rnoon? 我能预约今天下午早些时候吗? 【语境助记】 Mr Brown and Professor Smith made an appointment to meet at 2 in the afternoon,but Professor Smith broke the appointment and didnt turn up at the appointed time. 布朗先生和史密斯教授约定下午两点见面,但史密斯教授违约,没 有在约定的时间出现。 【微写作】 He has just been appointed to the position of Export Manager f
21、or the company.He will have an appointment with his first foreign customers tonight. 他刚刚被任命为公司的出口经理。今晚他将和他的第一批外国顾 客有个约会。 6.In 1954,she was elected to the first National Peoples Congress and,over the next several decades,she held many important positions. 1954年,她当选为第一届全国人民代表大会代表,在随后的几十年 里,她担任了许多重要职务。
22、 【词汇精讲】elect是及物动词,意为“选举;推选”,其名词形式是 election。 She was elected to parliament last year. 她去年被选进议会。 We dont know which of them is going to be elected chairman. 我们不知道他们中谁会当选为主席。 【易混辨析】 elect 指按照一定的规章或法律,用投票等方式进行的认真 慎重的选择。 choose 含有运用判断力在一些人、物或行为方式中选出一个 的意思。 select 侧重于从许多不同种类中进行选择时的挑剔态度。 Theres not much t
23、o choose between them because they are almost the same. 两者之间没有多大差别,没有什么可挑选的。 He selected a diamond ring as a birthday present for his wife. 他挑选了一枚钻石戒指作为妻子的生日礼物。 7.She was more interested in tending patients,publishing medical research on care for women and children,and training the next generation o
24、f doctors. 她对照顾病人、出版关于妇女和儿童的医学研究以及培训下一代 医生更感兴趣。 【词汇精讲】tend在句中是及物动词,意为“照顾;照料”,tend还可作 不及物动词,意为“倾向;趋于”。 Golf course must be carefully tended by a special staff of groundskeepers. 高尔夫球场必须由专门的场地管理员精心养护。 People tend to think that the problem will never affect them. 人们倾向于认为这个问题绝不会影响到他们。 【词汇拓展】 tend to do
25、sth 倾向做某事 tend to sth 注意;易于 tend towards 趋向;有助于 Many people tend to be blind to the beauty around them. 许多人易于对周围的美视而不见。 The English seasons and climate tend towards extremes. 英国的季节与气候是趋于极端的。 【微写作】 The storm tends to hit our city,so we will observe its tendency closely. 暴风雨要袭击我们的城市,所以我们将密切观察它的动向。 8.S
26、he was so scared during the interview that she completely forgot how she should respond to the questions. 她在面试中非常害怕,以至于她完全忘记了她要如何回答这些问题。 【词汇精讲】 句中的scared是形容词,意为“害怕的;对感到惊慌或恐惧的”。 The boy was very scared when he heard the noise. 那孩子听到声音非常惊恐。 She began to feel angry as well as scared. 她开始感到既生气又害怕。 【词汇拓展
27、】 (be)scared to death 吓死了 scare.惊吓;使害怕 .受惊吓 scare sb away 把某人吓跑 My brother always keeps calm and never scares when he meets whatever urgency. 我哥哥在任何紧急情况下都能保持镇静,从不会惊慌。 【微写作】 While I was walking along the street last night,I heard a scaring voice and felt very scared. 昨晚我在街上走的时候,听到一个可怕的声音,我感到非常害怕。 9.T
28、he student union will hold a special meeting in January to elect someone to replace the secretary. 学生会将在一月举行一次特殊会议,选举一个人接替秘书。 【词汇精讲】句中的replace是及物动词,意为“接替;取代;更换”。 The manager is ill and I want to know who is going to replace him. 经理病了,我想知道谁将替他。 Dont miss meals and replace them with snacks. 不要不吃正餐,改吃点
29、心。 【词汇拓展】 replace sb/sth = takethe place of sb/sth 取代某人/某物 replace sthwith/by sth 用替换 replace.as.取代而成为 in place of. = in ones place 代替 take ones place = takethe place of 代替 replacement.替换;替代品 It would be difficult to find a man to take the place of the present manager. 找一个人来代替现在的经理是不容易的。 They have r
30、eplaced all the old computers with/by new ones. 他们已经把所有的旧电脑都换成新的了。 重点句式 1.To a person,nothing is more precious than their life. 对一个人来说,没有什么比他们的生命更加珍贵了 【句式剖析】此处“nothing is more + (形容词)比较级 + than.”是一 个常用句型,表示“没有什么比更加”。 To the old man,nothing is more important than money. 对那个老人来说,没有什么比钱更重要。 To me,nothi
31、ng is better than having you with me. 对我来说,没有什么比和你在一起更好的了。 【句式拓展】 more.than.与其说,倒不如说 morethan 多于;不仅仅;非常;岂止 not morethan 不多于;不超过;至多 no morethan 仅仅 no + 比较级 + than.前者和后者都不(两者的 否定) The English at that time was based more on German than the English we speak at present. 当时的英语更多的是以德语为基础,而我们今天所说的英语不是。 Li M
32、ing is no taller than his brother. 李明和他弟弟一样都不高。 2.Id rather stay single to study all my life!我宁愿单身一辈子来学 习! 【句式剖析】would rather意为“宁愿;宁可”,后接动词原形。 I would rather hoe in the garden than run about on the playground. 我宁愿在花园锄草,也不愿在运动场上跑来跑去。 I would rather remain poor than get money by dishonest means. 我宁可安于
33、贫穷,也不愿用不当手段赚钱。 【句式拓展】 would rather do sth than (do) sth = would do sthratherthan (do) sth = prefer to do sthratherthan (do) sth 宁愿做某事 而不愿做某事 would rather (not) do sth 宁愿(不)做某事 I think I would rather not commit myself to going with you. 我想我不愿答应跟你一起去。 I would rather have my beloved mother than all the
34、 precious stones under the sun. 我宁可只要我挚爱的母亲,而不要天下所有的宝石。 【温馨提示】(1)使用would rather .than .句型时要注意平行结构, 即than的前后要用两个同类的词或词组,如两个名词、两个介词短 语等。 (2)would rather+从句,意为“宁愿”,此时从句中要用虚拟语气。 表示与现在或将来事实相反,谓语动词用过去式;表示与过去事实 相反用过去完成式。 I would rather I hadnt met him yesterday. 要是我昨天没见着他就好了。 .课文语篇填空 When Lin Qiaozhi was 1
35、8 years old,she didnt follow the traditional path of marriage like the 1 (major) of girls;she chose to study medicine in Peking Union Medical College.She graduated with the Wenhai Scholarship and became the first woman ever to 2 (hire) as a resident physician in the OB-GYN department of the PUMC Hos
36、pital.A few years 3 (late),she was sent to study in Europe and then in the US.Her American colleagues wanted her to stay in the US, 4 she refused because she wanted to work for her motherland. In 1941,Dr Lin became 5 first Chinese woman ever to be appointed director of the OB-GYN department of the P
37、UMC Hospital.After her department 6 (close) because of the war,she opened her own clinic. After the new Peoples Republic of China was founded,though she 7 (hold) many important positions,she still tended 8 (patient),published medical research on care for women and children,and trained the next gener
38、ation of doctors. 9 (know) as the “mother of ten thousand babies”,Lin Qiaozhi died on 22 April 1983, 10 (leave) all her savings to a kindergarten and a fund for new doctors. 答案:1.majority 2.be hired 3.later 4.but 5.the 6.was closed 7.held 8.patients 9.Known 10.leaving .概要写作 (根据教材语篇内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要) 参
39、考范文 Li Qiaozhi determined to study medicine at 18.(要点1) After graduation,she worked as a resident physician in the PUMC Hospital and was sent abroad for further study.(要点2) After she returned,she opened her own clinic because her department was closed because of the war.(要点3)Though she was involved in political affairs after liberation,she still devoted herself to medical affairs.(要点4) She always thought of others until her death.(要点5)
