1、1. Airline 航空公司 airliner 大型客机 （civil/military）aircraft 飞机 aircraft carrier 航空母舰 airbase airport airbag 气囊 2. Craft 手艺 工艺 小船 飞机同 aircraft Basket-weaving is traditional craft. a craft fair/workshop 手工艺品交易会制作车间 Craftsman 工匠 手艺人 craftsmanship 手艺 craftwork 工艺品 3. Arise arose arisen A new crisis has arise
2、n. 新危机已经出现。 Emotional or mental problems can arise from/out of a physical cause. 身体上 的原因可以引起情绪或精神上的问题。（result from/originate from） He arose at dawn. 他黎明即起。（ get out of bed; to stand up 起床；起立；起 身） 区别 arise raise rise arouse Please _raise_ your voice. The sun _rises_ in the east. Accidents always _ari
3、se_ from the carelessness. The story _aroused_ our sympathy for the little boy. 4. Massive 巨大的，非常严重的 a massive increase in spending 开支的大幅度增加 He suffered a massive heart attack. 他的心脏病严重发作了 Their house is massive. 他们的房子大极了。 Mass n. 团 块 堆 群 a mass of/ masses of +可数/不可数 名词 5. Literally 字面上， 真正地 The word
4、 planet literally means wandering body. planet 一词字面上的意思是 wandering body。 There are literally hundreds of prizes to win. 真的有好几百份奖品可以领呀。（强 调事实可能令人惊讶）真正地，确实地 6. breath n 呼吸的空气 We had to stop for breath before we got to the top. 我们不得不喘口气，然后再 登山顶。 take a deep breath 深深吸一口气 breathe deeply hold ones breath
5、 屏住呼吸 She was very short of breath (= had difficulty breathing) . 她呼吸很困难。 out of breath（运动后）喘不过气 breathless Take ones breath away 令人惊叹 My first view of the island from the air took my breath away. 我第一次从空中看 到这个岛时，叹赏不已。 Breathe v Humans take/breathe in oxygen and breathe out carbon dioxide. 人吸入氧气， 呼出二
6、氧化碳。 7. Bound adj 前往某地， 一定 He boarded a plane bound for Dublin 他登上了开往都柏林的飞机 Youve done so much workyoure bound to pass the exam. 你下了这么大工 夫，考试绝对没问题。 8. Awesome awe n an awesome sight 惊人的奇观（impressive） awesome beauty/power 天仙之美；大得吓人的权力(frightening) They had an awesome task ahead. 他们就要有十分艰巨的任务。 （rather
7、 difficult） Thats totally awesome! 哇！真是棒极了！ Thats an awful colour. 那颜色难看得很。 9. Spectacular very impressive 壮观的；壮丽的；令人惊叹的 spectacular scenery 壮丽的景色 Vieira scored a spectacular goal. 维埃拉攻进了一个精彩入球。 It was a spectacular achievement on their part. 这是他们取得的一项了不起的 成 a Christmas TV spectacular 精彩的圣诞节电视节目 10.
8、 Peak n a mountain peak 山峰 Traffic reaches its peak between 8 and 9 in the morning. 上午 8、9 点钟之间 是交通高峰期。 Shes at the peak of her career. 她正处在事业的巅峰。 Oil production peaked in the early 1980s. 20 世纪 80 年代初期，石油产量达到 了最高峰。 v We need extra help during the peak season . 我们在高峰期需要额外人手。Adj 11. Highlight v, v: T
9、o emphasize sth The report highlights the major problems facing society today. 报告特别强调了 当今社会所面临的主要问题。 to mark part of a text with a special coloured pen, or to mark an area on a computer screen, to emphasize it or make it easier to see 将（文本的某部分） 用彩笔做标记；将（计算机屏幕的某区域）增强亮度；使醒目 Ive highlighted the importa
10、nt passages in yellow. 我用黄色标出了重要段落。 n: the best, most interesting or most exciting part of sth 最好（或最精彩、最 激动人心）的部分 One of the highlights of the trip was seeing the Taj Mahal. 这次旅行中的最精 彩的一件事是参观泰姬陵。 The highlights of the match will be shown later this evening. 比赛最精彩的片 段将于今晚稍后播出。 强调同义词 emphasize stress
11、underline lay/put/place emphasis/stress on 12. Freeze froze frozen freezing Become ice Water freezes at 0 C. 水在 0 摄氏度时结冰。 freezing point The clothes froze solid on the washing-line. 衣服在晒衣绳上冻成了硬块。 极冷，（使）冻死 Two men froze to death on the mountain. 两个男子在山上冻死了。 Two men were frozen to death on the mountai
12、n. 两个男子在山上冻死了。 V to stop moving suddenly because of fear, etc. （因害怕等）停住不动；惊 呆；吓呆 I froze with terror as the door slowly opened. 门慢慢开启时我吓呆了。 ( figurative) Salaries have been frozen for the current year. 今年的工资已冻结。 Freezing adj 极冷的 freezing fog 冰雾 Its freezing cold outside （bitter cold/chilly） 13. anti
13、cipate anticipation 预料；预期; 预见；期望 We dont anticipate any major problems. 我们预料不会发生什么大问题。 Our anticipated arrival time is 8.30 They anticipate moving to bigger premises by the end of the year. 他们预期年 底前迁入较大的经营场址。 I dont anticipate it being a problem. 我认为它不会成为一个问题。 We anticipate that sales will rise next
14、 year. 我们预料明年销售量将会增加。 It is anticipated that inflation will stabilize at 3%. 据预测，通货膨胀将稳定在 3%。 Try and anticipate what the interviewers will ask. 尽量设想面试主持者会提 出什么问题。 14. Thunder n 雷声，轰隆声 lightning 闪电 a clap/crash/roll of thunder 一声霹雳；一声巨雷；雷声隆隆 Thunder crashed in the sky. 霹雳在空中炸响。 v 打雷 轰隆隆地响 轰隆隆地快速移动 w
15、hen it thunders , there is a loud noise in the sky during a storm A voice thundered in my ear. 我耳边响起了雷鸣般的说话声。 Heavy trucks kept thundering past. 重型卡车不断地隆隆驶过。 thunderous applause 雷鸣般的掌声 15. Frost n v a sharp/hard/severe frost 酷寒 frost damage 霜冻害 车窗子上结了霜 The car windows were covered with frost. （n） Th
16、e car windows were s frosted up （vt） The car windows frosted over （vi） Frosty adj a frosty morning 严寒的早晨 frosty fields 结霜的田地 frosty look 冷冰冰的样子 16. Border 国界，边界（地区）同义词 boundary frontier flee across/over the border 穿越边境逃亡 a border dispute/incident 边界争端事件 ( figurative) It is difficult to define the bo
17、rder between love and friendship. V 和毗邻；与接壤 How many countries border China？ There are 14 countries_bordering_ China. 17. duration n 持续时间， 期间 The school was used as a hospital for the duration of the war. 战争期间这所 学校被用作医院。 会议将会持续 2 小时 The duration of the meeting was 3 hours The meeting _lasted_(last)
18、for 3 hours before it finally ended. 18. Contrary adj n contrary advice/opinions/arguments 完全相反的建议观点论点 In the end the contrary was proved true: he was innocent and she was guilty.(相反的事情） Contrary to popular belief. 与普通的看法相反 contrary to the public interest 违背公众的利益 on the contrary quite the contrary t
19、o the contrary 放于名词后放于名词后 give me some evidence to the contrary 19. Anyhow =anyway （转换话题、结束谈话或回到原话题时说）无论如何，反正 Anyhow , lets forget about that for the moment. =anyway Anyhow, Id better go nowIll see you tomorrow. =anyway Its too expensive and anyway the colour doesnt suit you (besides) The water was
20、cold but I took a shower anyway. (despite sth. Even so) 20. Alongside A police car pulled up alongside us. （prep 在。旁边 ） Nick caught up with me and rode alongside. （adv 在旁边） Traditional beliefs still flourish alongside a modern urban lifestyle. （prep he. 一起 together with） 现代城市生活方式盛行的同时，传统信念仍然大行其道。 21
21、. proceed vi 继续做， 行进 Were not sure whether we still want to proceed with the sale. 我们不确定是否还要继续减价促销。 Work is proceeding slowly. 工作进展缓慢。 He outlined his plans and then proceeded to explain them in more detail. （go on） 他简单介绍了他的计划，接着又进行了较详细的解释。 Passengers for Rome should proceed to Gate 32 for boarding.
22、（move in a particular direction） 前往罗马的旅客，请到 32 号登机口登机 22. astonish surprise/ amaze The news astonished everyone. 这消息使大家十分惊讶。 The news was _astonishing_. Everyone was _astonished_ at the news It astonishes me (that) he could be so thoughtless. 我真没有料到他会如此 轻率。 What astonished me. To my _astonishment_,
23、23. mist a heavy fog frost rain cloud snow adj 24. advertisement/ ad advertise vt/vi advertiser 广告商，登广告者 Put an advertisement in the local paper to sell your car/for your car. 在当地报纸登一则广 告来出售你的汽车。 advertise a product/a business/your services 登广告宣传 We are currently advertising for a new sales manager.
24、 公开招聘 25. owe 欠（债，帐，情） She still owes her father 3 000. She still owes 3 000_to_ her father. I owe a debt of gratitude_to_ all my family. 我很感激我的全家人。 You owe me a favour! 你还欠我个人情哪！ He owes his success to hard work. I owe it to you that I passed the examinations. owing to 因为由于 26. Toast n 面包，干杯 v 烤（尤指面包）为.干杯 Two pieces/slices of toast Id like to propose a toast to the bride and groom. 我提议为新娘新郎干杯。 The committee drank a toast to the new project. 委员会为这项新计划干杯 We toasted the success of the new company. 我们为新公司的成功干杯。Toast sb/sth
