1、重点单词重点单词 1. 会拼读单词,掌握单词的基本含义。 2. 掌握单词的基本用法,并能正确地用于句中。 重点:重点: prefer, suppose, spare, sense, pain, perform, pity, praise 难点:难点: prefer, suppose, perform 的用法 本部分中 prefer, suppose, perform 都是中考的重要考查点,常出现在单选、完形、动词 应用等题型中,分值 1-3 分。 一、单词领读一、单词领读 prefer v. 更喜欢更喜欢 lyrics n. 歌词歌词 Australian adj. n. 澳大利亚的;澳大澳大
2、利亚的;澳大 利亚人的利亚人的 澳大利亚人澳大利亚人 electronic adj. 电子的;电子设备的电子的;电子设备的 suppose v. 推断;料想推断;料想 smooth adj. 平滑的;悦耳的平滑的;悦耳的 spare adj. v. 空闲的;不用的空闲的;不用的 抽出(时间、房间抽出(时间、房间 等)等) case n. 情况;实情情况;实情 in that case 既然那样;假设那既然那样;假设那 样的话样的话 director n. 导演;部门负责人导演;部门负责人 war n. 战争;战争状态战争;战争状态 stick v. 粘贴;将刺入粘贴;将刺入 stick to
3、坚持;固守坚持;固守 down adj. 悲哀;沮丧悲哀;沮丧 dialogue n. 对话;对白对话;对白 documentary n. 纪录片纪录片 drama n. 戏;剧戏;剧 plenty pron. 大量;众多大量;众多 plenty of 大量;充足大量;充足 shut v. 关闭;关上关闭;关上 shut off 关闭;停止运转关闭;停止运转 superhero n. 超级英雄超级英雄 once in a while 偶尔地;间或偶尔地;间或 intelligent adj. 有才智的;聪明的有才智的;聪明的 sense v. n. 感觉到;意识到感觉到;意识到 感觉;意识感觉
4、;意识 pain n. 痛苦;疼痛;苦恼痛苦;疼痛;苦恼 reflect v. 反映;映出反映;映出 look up 查阅;抬头看查阅;抬头看 perform v. 表演;执行表演;执行 lifetime n. 一生;有生之年一生;有生之年 pity n. v. 遗憾;怜悯遗憾;怜悯 同情;怜悯同情;怜悯 total n. adj. 总数;合计总数;合计 总的;全体的总的;全体的 in total 总共;合计总共;合计 master n. v.来源来源:学科网学科网 能手;主人能手;主人 掌握掌握 praise v. to 思路分析:思路分析: likebetter 相当于 prefer。前者
5、用 than,后者用 to。句意为“相对于城市 生活来说,我奶奶更喜欢农村生活” 。 2. suppose v. 推断;料想推断;料想 常用结构如下:常用结构如下: (1)suppose + that 从句从句,表示,表示“猜测;假定猜测;假定”。 I suppose 后的宾语从句进行否定时,要“否定前置” 。 (2)suppose +名词名词 / 代词代词 + to be.,表示,表示“认为认为是是”。 (3)be supposed to do sth. , 被期望做某事;应该做某事被期望做某事;应该做某事 I dont suppose Ill just listen to this new
6、 CD I bought. 我认为我不会只听我买的这张新 唱片。 Many people suppose him to be over 50. 许多人认为他已经 50 多岁了。 Teachers are supposed to know a lot. 老师应该知道很多。 You dont mind my smoking. I suppose. (合为一句) I _ _ you _ my smoking. 答案:答案:dont suppose; mind 思路分析:思路分析:I suppose 的宾语从句是否定句时,要进行“否定前置” ,即把否定词 not 放 在主句中。 3. spare ,
7、adj. 空闲的;不用的空闲的;不用的 相当于 free,常用短语为:in ones spare time 意为“在某人的空闲时间” 。 spare v. 抽出(时间、房间等)抽出(时间、房间等) What do you often do in your spare time? 你经常在空闲时间做什么? Im sure you can spare me a moment. 我相信你能抽出点时间给我。 根据汉语意思完成下句根据汉语意思完成下句 今天我没有可抽出的时间。 Today I have no time _ _. 答案:答案:to spare 4. sense v. 感觉到;意识到感觉到;
8、意识到 n. 感觉;意识感觉;意识 来源:学科网 作及物动词。作及物动词。 作名词时,可构成以下短语:作名词时,可构成以下短语: (1)a sense of beauty/ duty/ humor/safety/ direction 美感美感/ 责任感责任感/ 幽默感幽默感/ 安全感安全感/ 方向感方向感 (2)make sense 讲道理;有意义讲道理;有意义 (3)make sense of 理解;弄懂的意思理解;弄懂的意思 (4)in a sense 在某种意义上,相当于在某种意义上,相当于 in a way。 He sensed what his mother was thinking
9、. 他能感觉到他的妈妈在想什么。 We all agreed that the plan made sense. 我们都同意这个计划有意义。 I cant make sense of her letter. 我没有弄清她的信的意思。 What you said is right in a sense. 在某种意义上你说的是正确的。 The cat _ danger and ran away. A. senses B. sensed C. smells D. smelled 答案:答案:B 思路分析:思路分析: 浏览题干, 根据 and 后的 ran 是过去时态可知空处用动词的过去式, 排除 A
10、、 C 两项;B 项意为“感觉到” ;D 项意为“闻;闻起来” ;根据句意“猫感觉到了危险,跑开 了”可知 B 项正确。 5. pain n. 痛苦;疼痛;苦恼痛苦;疼痛;苦恼 可作可数名词,也可作不可数名词。 I have a pain in my back. 我后背痛。 Her words caused her much pain. 她的话使她很痛苦。 pain n. 辛苦;努力辛苦;努力 take pains to do sth. / in doing sth. 努力地做某事努力地做某事 painful adj. 痛苦的;疼痛的痛苦的;疼痛的 No pains, no gains. 不劳
11、无获。 He took pains to finish his work on time. = He took pains in finishing his work on time. 他努力地按时去完成工作。 That trip was a painful experience for me. 那次旅行对我来说是一次痛苦的经历。 根据汉语意思完成句子根据汉语意思完成句子 玛丽左臂感到疼痛。 Mary felt a _ _ her left arm. 答案:答案:pain in 6. perform v. 表演;执行表演;执行 可作及物动词,后接宾语。也可作不及物动词。 Did you per
12、form your promise? 你履行你的诺言了吗? The actor was invited to perform last night. 那位演员昨天晚上被邀请去表演了。 performer n. 表演者;演员表演者;演员 performance n. 表演;演出表演;演出 Who do you think is the best performer in our school? 你认为我们学校里最好的表演者是 谁? He won first prize in the school performance last week. 在上周学校演出中他获得了一等 奖。 Several _
13、 didnt dance the disco, but they _ ballet. A. performances; perform B. performers; performed C. performs; performance D. performers; performance 答案:答案:B 思路分析:思路分析:several 意为“几个;数个” ,后接可数名词复数, 故排除 C 项,因为 performs 是动词的第三人称单数形式;they 后的空处作谓语,故用动词,排除 D 项;据前半句的一 般过去时态可知选 B 项。句意为“几个演员没有跳迪斯科,但是他们跳了芭蕾舞” 。 7.
14、 pity n. 遗憾;怜悯遗憾;怜悯 v. 同情;怜悯同情;怜悯 take/have pity on sb. 同情某人;可怜某人同情某人;可怜某人 out of pity 出于同情出于同情 pity for sb. 同情某人;怜悯某人同情某人;怜悯某人 She never asked for pity before. 以前她从未乞求过怜悯。 What a pity! 真遗憾! The girl cried sadly and I had pity on her. 这女孩哭得很伤心,我很同情她。 They gave him a prize out of pity. 他们出于同情给他一个奖。 I
15、f you dont work hard, no one will pity for you in the future. 如果你不努力学习,将来没有人同情你。 Its _ that he missed the opportunity to study abroad. A. pity B. a pity C. pities D. great pity 答案:答案:B 思路分析:思路分析:Its a pity that是固定句型,意为“很遗憾” ;句意为“很遗憾他错过了 出国学习的机会” 。 8. praise v. free B. on; spare C. in; spare D. at; f
16、ree 4. Im sure David will be able to find the libraryhe has a pretty good _ of direction. A. idea B. feeling C. experience D. sense 5. I take pains _ the house clean every day. A. to keep B. kept C. at keeping D. to keeping 6. I didnt go to the concert last night because I did my homework, _ A. Than
17、k you. B. What a pity! C. Im sorry. D. It doesnt matter. 7. 你应当经常表扬学生。 You _ often _ the students. 8. 在昨天的宴会上,她表演了一个节目。 At the party yesterday, she _ a _. 答案:答案:1-6 A CCDAB 7. should; praise 8. performed; program 思路分析:思路分析: 1. 两者中比较偏爱前者用 prefer to,其中 to 为介词。句意为“我父母喜欢下班步行 回家,而不愿乘坐公共汽车,他们认为步行对健康有益” ,故
18、选 A。来源:Zxxk.Com 2. suppose +名词 / 代词 + to be.,意为“认为是”,故句意为“我爸爸认为她是一 名教师”,故选 C。 3. “在某人的空闲时间”用短语 in ones spare/ free time,故选项 C 正确。句意为“她丈夫经 常在闲暇时间看电视” 。 4. A 项意为“主意” ;B 项意为“感情” ;C 项意为“经历;经验” ;D 项意为“感觉” ;句 意为“我相信戴维能找到图书馆的他有一个相当好的方向感” ,故选 D 项。 5. take pains to do sth./ in doing sth. 是正确的短语,意为“努力地做某事” ;浏
19、览各选项可 知 A 项正确。 6. A 项意为“谢谢。 ” ;B 项意为“真遗憾! ” ;C 项意为“对不起。 ” ;D 项意为“没关系。 ” 上句句意为“昨天晚上我没有去参加音乐会,因为我做作业了” ,故下句应用“真遗憾! ” ; 故选 B 项。 (答题时间:(答题时间:15 分钟)分钟) . 单项选择单项选择 *1. I prefer _ more money for a better computer rather than _less for this one. A. spend; pay B. to spend; pay C. to spend; to pay D. spending
20、; paying 2. Who is _ to look after this small lab? Tom, we do it in turn. A. guessed B. supposed C. wanted D. thought 3. Mei Lanfang _ Beijing Opera when he was ten. A. performs B. was performing C. performed D. has performed 4. His father praised his son _ his bravery. A. because B. for C. to D. fr
21、om 5. The girl is very humorous. So she has a _ of humor. A. sense B. pain C. pity D. case . 根据句意及汉语提示完成单词根据句意及汉语提示完成单词 1. The _(澳大利亚人)likes telling jokes. 2. Please tell us what you often do in your _(空闲的)time. 3. I had a _(疼痛)in my back, so I should go to the doctor. 4. You cant always _(同情)for ot
22、hers. 5. If you want to travel around the world, you must _(掌握)at least three languages. . 完形填空完形填空 It doesnt matter when or how much a person sleeps, but everyone needs some rest to stay alive. Thats 1 all doctors thought, until they heard about AL Herpin. AL Herpin, it was said, never slept. Could
23、 this be 2 ? The doctors decided to see this 3 man themselves. AL Herpin was 90 years old when the doctors went to his home in New Jersey. They thought for 4 that he got some sleep of 5 . So they stayed with him and watched every movement(行为) he 6 . But they were 7 though they watched him hour after
24、 hour and day after day, they never saw Herpin 8 . In fact, he did not even 9 a bed. He never needed one. The only 10 that Herpin sometimes got was sitting in a comfortable chair and reading newspapers. The doctors were puzzled by this strange continuous (不断)sleeplessness. They asked him many questi
25、ons, hoping to find an answer. They found only one answer that might explain his condition. Herpin remembered some talk about his mother having been ill several days before he was born. Was this the real reason? No one could be sure. 1. A. that B. what C. why D. how 2. A. true B. right C. OK D. wron
26、g 3. A. usual B. happy C. sad D. strange *4. A. sure B. while C. moment D. result *5. A. sometime B. some time C. sometimes D. some times 6. A. had B. did C. made D. got 7. A. pleased B. surprised C. useful D. busy 8. A. sitting B. standing C. eating D. sleeping 9. A. make B. own C. keep D. stay 10.
27、 A. rest B. way C. pleasure D. sleep . 1. B 解析: 前后一看句式可知, 考查短语 prefer to do sth. rather than do sth. 。 句意为“我 宁可多花点钱买一个好的电脑,也不愿少花钱买这个电脑。” 2. B 解析:A 项意为“猜测”;B 项意为“推断;料想”;C 项意为“想要”;D 项意为“认为; 想”;据空前的 be 以及空后的 to do 可知,此处用 be supposed to do sth.,意为“应该做某事”, 故选 B 项。 3. C 解析: 根据时间状语 “当他十岁时” 可知主句用一般过去时, 故选 C
28、 项。 句意为 “梅 兰芳十岁时表演京剧。 ” 4. B 解析: 根据句意 “他的爸爸因他的勇敢而表扬了他的儿子。 ” 可知 B 项正确; because 后接从句。praise sb. for sth. 意为“因某事而表扬某人” 。 5. A 解析:本题考查词义。A 项意为“感觉” ;B 项意为“痛苦” ;C 项意为“遗憾;怜 悯” ;D 项意为“情况” ;根据句意“这个女孩很幽默。所以她很有幽默感。 ” . 1. Australian 2. spare/ free 3. pain 4. pity 5. master . 1. B 解析:what 在此处表示出了所有医生的共同想法。 2. A
29、 解析:句意为“这是真的吗?” ,故选 A 项。 3. D 解析:根据上句“AL Herpin, it was said, never slept.”可知“医生们决定亲自去拜访 这位怪人” ,故选 D 项。 4. A 解析:think for sure 意为“想当然,确信” ,符合句意。 5. A 解析: sometime 意为某时, 常用于将来时态; some time 意为一段时间, 是 some 修 饰不可数名词 time(时间)的用法;sometimes 意为有时,常用于一般现在时或一般过去 时;some times 意为几次,是 some 修饰可数名词复数 times(次数)的用法。
30、 6. C 解析:movement 后是省略了 that 的定语从句,修饰先行词 movement;定语从句中 he 是主语,谓语动词用 made,表示“他做的每一个活动” 。 7. B 解析:对于 Herpin 不睡觉而感到“惊讶” 。 8. D 解析:因为医生们很难相信他不需要睡觉,所以就观察他,故此用 sleeping。 9. B 解析:表示拥有、所有关系,要用动词 own。 10. A 解析:根据“坐在舒服的椅子上看报纸”可知是“休息” ,故选 A 项。 重点短语重点短语 1. 学习短语的基本含义和用法。 2. 灵活运用所学的短语,学会用短语造句。 重点:重点:in that case
31、, stick to, plenty of, shut off, once in a while, look up, in total 难点:难点:stick to, plenty of, look up, in total 的用法。 本部分的 plenty of, look up 是中考的重要知识点,中考分值 1-2 分,常在单选、完形等 题型中出现。 【短语学习】【短语学习】 1. in that case 既然那样;假设那样的话既然那样;假设那样的话 In that case, we can win the match.如果那样的话,我们会赢比赛。 (1)in case of 如果如果;
32、 万一万一, 后接名词、代词或动名词。 (2)in the case of 就而言就而言 (3)in case 万一;以防万一;以防,后接条件状语从句。 Turn off the TV set in case of thunderstorm. 关上电视机以防雷雨。 In the case of your study, I think you are hard-working. 就你的学习来言,我认为你很努 力。 In case he arrives before I get back, please ask him to wait. 万一我回来前他先到了,请叫他等我。 根据汉语意思完成下列句子
33、根据汉语意思完成下列句子 那样的话,我们现在就开始会议。 _ _ _, we begin our meeting now. 就女性来说,她们在工作中会遇到更多的困难。 _ _ _ _ women, they have more difficulty in their jobs. 答案:答案: In that case In the case of 2. stick to 坚持;固守坚持;固守 其中的 to 是介词,其后接名词、代词或动词的-ing 形式。常接名词 plan, idea, promise, thought, opinion。 Ill stick to my decision. 我
34、将坚持我的决定。 My Chinese teacher is over 60, but he still sticks to writing. 我的语文老师六十多了,但他仍然坚持写作。 stick v. 粘贴;将刺入粘贴;将刺入 过去式和过去分词都是 stuck。常用短语为:stick into stick n. 棍;棒;枝条棍;棒;枝条 The boy is sticking the fork into the piece of bread. 这男孩正把叉子插进面包。 The old man uses a walking stick. 那位老人使用手杖。 Once a decision ha
35、s been made, all of us should _ it. A. lead to B. according to C. stick to D. look forward to 答案:答案:C 思路分析:思路分析:A 项意为“导致;通向” ;B 项意为“根据” ;C 项意为“坚持;固守” ;D 项意为“期盼;盼望” ;should 是情态动词,其后接动词原形,故排除 B 项;根据句意“一 旦做了一个决定,我们都应该坚持它”可知 C 项符合句意。 3. plenty of 大量;充足大量;充足 前面没有冠词, 既可以修饰可数名词, 又可以修饰不可数名词, 并且只能用于肯定句中, 在否定
36、句和疑问句中,通常用 enough。 注意:若“注意:若“plenty of +名词”作主语时,谓语动词的数以名词形式而定。名词”作主语时,谓语动词的数以名词形式而定。 He spent plenty of money on clothes. 他买衣服花了很多钱。 Mom, do we have enough food? 妈妈,我们还有足够的食物吗? plenty of, a lot of/lots of, many, much plenty of = a lot of/lots of,意为“许多;大量” ,后可接可数名词,也可接不可数名词。 接可数名词时,相当于 many;接不可数名词时,相
37、当于 much。 The boy has plenty of pictures. 这男孩有许多图画。 It took me plenty of time to finish it. 完成它,花了我许多时间。 用用括号中所给动词的适当形式填空括号中所给动词的适当形式填空 1. Plenty of food _(be)in the fridge. 2. Plenty of flowers _(be)on the table. 答案答案:1. is 2. are 4. shut off 关闭;停止运转关闭;停止运转 shut off 可作及物动词,也可作不及物动词。 shut v. 关闭;关上,关闭
38、;关上,过去式和过去分词都是 shut。 The electricity shuts off at midnight. 半夜电停了。 They have shut off the water supply. 他们已切断了水源。 Please shut the door when you leave the room. 当你离开房间时,请把门关上。 close 和和 shut close指把门等关到让人不能出入的程度,只表示关上; 而shut指关严并紧紧闩住,强调与 外界隔绝。 He did not close the door when he left the room. 他离开房间时没有关门
39、。 Shut the door so that the cat wont get out. 把门关严, 别让猫跑出去。 They_ the gas and electricity in their house before leaving on holiday. A. put off B. get off C. shut off D. cut off 答案:答案:C 思路分析:思路分析:考查短语的含义。A 项意为“推迟;拖延” ;B 项意为“下车” ;C 项意为“关 闭;停止运转” ;D 项意为“切除” ;根据句意“他们出外度假之前把家中的煤气和电源关 掉。 ”可知选 C 项。 5. once
40、 in a while 偶尔地;间或偶尔地;间或 常作时间状语。 I like sour food once in a while. 偶尔我喜欢味酸的食物。 in a while 立刻;马上,常用于一般将来时,提问时,用立刻;马上,常用于一般将来时,提问时,用 how soon。 after a while 一会儿以后,常用于一般过去时,提问时,用一会儿以后,常用于一般过去时,提问时,用 when。 for a while 一会儿,提问时用一会儿,提问时用 how long。 Ill visit Qingdao in a while. 我要立刻去青岛。 After a while, they
41、played computer games. 过了一会儿,他们玩了电脑游戏。 They have stayed in the hotel for a while. 他们已经在这个旅馆,待了一会儿了。 对画线部分提问对画线部分提问 They will arrive here in a while. _ _will they arrive? 答案:答案:How soon 6. look up (在词典、参考书中或通过电脑)查阅;抬头看(在词典、参考书中或通过电脑)查阅;抬头看 look up 是“动词+副词”短语,代词若作宾语,需放在 look 和 up 之间。 I dont know the w
42、ord. Lets look it up in the dictionary. 我不认识这个单词。咱们查一下字典吧。 Please look up and look at the blackboard. 请抬起头来看黑板。 look 构成的短语:构成的短语: look for 寻找; look at 看; look after 照顾; 照看; look forward to 盼望; 期盼; look through 浏览;快速查看;look up to 钦佩;仰慕;look down on 轻视;看不起 The woman is looking for her keys. 那位妇女正在寻找她的
43、钥匙。 根据汉语意思完成下列句子根据汉语意思完成下列句子 我们期盼着很快见到你。 We _ _ _ _ you soon. 请快速浏览一下你的笔记。 Please _ _ your notes quickly. 答案:答案:look forward to seeing look through 7. in total 总共;合计总共;合计 in total 总共;合计总共;合计 total adj. 总的;全体的总的;全体的 total 用作形容词时,在句中只能作定语,不能作表语,无比较 级和最高级形式。 total n. 总数;合计总数;合计 a total of 总共;总数为 the to
44、tal of .的总数是 a total of 修饰可数名词复数时,其谓语动词多用复数形式,the total of .后的谓语动词一 般用单数形式。 We have learned 2,000 English words in total so far. 迄今为止,我们总共学了 2000 个单 词。 I want to know the total population of India. 我想知道印度的总人口是多少。 You can give me a total of the students in your school. 你可以给我一个你学校学生的总 数。 A total of tw
45、enty letters were received last month. = The total of letters received last month was twenty. = Twenty letters were received last month in total. 上个月总共收到了 20 封来信。 How many people learn English as a second language? _, there are more than 375 million people. A. In fact B. In total C. At all D. First
46、of all 答案:答案:B 思路分析思路分析: 句意: 有多少人把英语作为第二外语来学习?总计有 3.75 多亿人。 in fact 实际上;in total 总计;at all 完全;first of all 首先。 1. _ we fail,we wont lose heart. A. In that case B. In case C. In case of D. in the case of 2. Dont _ the needle(针) into your finger. A. sticks B. stick C. stuck D. sticked 3. We have lived
47、 here for 20 years, so we have _ friends here. A. a lot B. lot of C. a plenty of D. plenty of 4. The store _ at 9 p.m. every day. A. close B. shut C. closes D. shuts 5. _ we go to a restaurant but usually we eat at home. A. In a while B. Once in a while C. After a while D. For a while 6. Can you _ t
48、he time of the train to Jinan? OK, I _ right now for you. A. look up; look it up B. look it up; look up C. look up; look at D. look up; look up it 7. The total of countries that I have visited _ six. A. are B. have C. has D. is 答案:答案:1-5 BBDCB 6-7 AD 思路分析:思路分析: 1. 根据空后是句子可知前用连词 in case,意为“万一” ,后接从句;A 项意为“如果那样 的话” ;C 项意为“如果;万一” ,后接名词、代词或动名词;D 项意为“就而言” ;句 意为“万一我们失败,我们决不会失去信心。 ” 2. 本句是否定祈使句,dont 后接动词原形。句意为“不要把针插入你的手指”。 3. 要填的内容修饰 friends,首先排除 C 项,其前不加冠词。A 项 a lot 不能修饰名词,除 非加上 of;B 项错误,除非前加 a,或者 lot 变 lots;唯有 D 项正确。句意为“我们已在这 儿住了 20 年,因此我们在这儿有许多朋友” 。 4